the cross-section has a reduced capacity in the transverse direction and is also inefficient in carrying torsion, for which hollow structural sections are often preferred

formed by hot rolling or extrusion

formed by welding (or occasionally bolting or riveting) plates

common type of I-beam sometimes incorrectly rendered as 'reinforced steel joist'

shaping of plate metal by rolling very hot slabs of metal

rolling at room temperature, usually to obtain improved surface finish or higher tensile strength

metal shape is produced by forcing a hot metal through an orifice in a die by means of a pressure ram

the stiffness of the I-beam will be chosen to minimize deformation

the stiffness and mass are chosen to prevent unacceptable vibrations, particularly in settings sensitive to vibrations, such as offices and libraries

caused by concentrated loads, such as at the beam's point of support

where the web fails; slender webs will fail by buckling, ripping in a phenomenon termed tension field action but shear failure is also resisted by the stiffness of the flanges.

bending failure where the stress in the cross section exceeds the yield stress

bending failure where a flange in compression tends to buckle sideways or the entire cross-section buckles torsionally

bending failure where the flange or web is so slender as to buckle locally

for example, of stiffeners used to provide stability to the I-beam's web

What is HSS?

a type of metal profile with a hollow tubular cross-section

Other name for HSS-Shape in other countries

What is HSS-Shape filled with to improve fire rating as well as robustness

also known as 'angle bar'; an L-shaped steel bar pr structural steel member

also known as 'channel iron'; a rolled iron or steel bar whose U-shape cross section is formed by a broad central section called a 'web', with a flange on both sides

a rolled metal shape having a cross-section resembling the letter T

a hot rolled steel profile of a specific shape or cross section (an asymmetrical I-beam)

a solid metal product having square, rectangular, or other simple symmetrical cross-sectional shape and a length much greater than its width

a steel girder built up of plates and angles (or other structural shapes), welded or riveted together

a solid metal product that is long in relation to its cross-section

a steel truss having an open web whose component parts are either hot rolled structural shapes or cold-formed light-gauge steel shapes

the temperature where a steel transforms to an austenite crystal structure

the temperature at which pure iron starts to austenize

the lowest temperature at which plain carbon steel can begin to melt

the lowest temperature at which pure iron starts to melt

the time it takes for the steel element that is being tested to reach the temperature set by the national standard determines the duration of the fire-resistance rating

what should be installed in accordance with an appropriate certification listing that complies with the local building code?

requires a great deal of spray fireproofing because they are not very massive and also because they are so open

requires external insulation (fireproofing) in order to prevent the steel from weakening in the event of a fire

carries the roof load between trusses or rafters

usually a sloping beam carrying the reaction of purlins

carries the masonry across the opening made by a door or window

closely spaced beams supporting the floor of a building

large sized beams usually carrying the floor beams

similar to a joist, it carries the flooring of a bridge

spans between columns and support the floors and curtain walls

lowermost spandrel of a building that has no basement

circular beam that transmits power to the machinery; also carries torsion in addition to shear and flexure

a rigid, relatively slender structural member designated primarily to support axial, comprehensive loads applied at the member ends.

an upright, relatively slender shaft or structure, usually of brick or stone, used as a building support or standing alone as a moment

a stiff vertical support, esp. a wooden column in timber framing

a column that is attached to a wall; a shallow rectangular feature projecting from a wall, having a capital and a base architecturally treated as a column

a pilaster, column or similar feature projecting from a corner of a building