What mineral is this?

-Submetallic luster

-Black color and streak

-Harder than glass and heavy

-Magnetic!

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What mineral is this?

-Metallic luster

-Brass-yellow, gold color; black streak

-Harder than glass

-Also called "Fool's

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What mineral is this?

-Light colored, green, yellow, or brown

-Vitreous luster, harder than glass, heavy

-Usually found in granular (sandy) masses

-Mafic

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What mineral is this?

-Dark colored, black to dark greenish gray

-Dull luster, same hardness as glass

-2 directions of cleavage @ 90º

-Mafic

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What mineral is this?

-Dark-colored, black

-Glassy luster, same hardness as glass

-2 directions of cleavage NOT @ 90º (tends to form needles or blade shapes)

-Mafic

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What mineral is this?

-Dark colored, black (even in thin flakes)

-Glassy luster, softer than glass

-1 direction of cleavage (breaks in sheets)

-Mafic

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What mineral is this?

-Dark to light gray color

-Glassy luster, harder than glass

-2 directions of cleavage @ 90º, some cleavage surfaces have striations

-Dark plagioclase may show iridescence (rainbow sheen)

-Light plagioclase is considered a felsic mineral.

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What mineral is this?

-Light colored, light red, white, beige, turquoise

-Glassy luster, harder than glass

-2 directions of cleavage @ 90º

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What mineral is this?

-Light colored, brown, yellow, almost clear in thin flakes

-Glassy luster, softer than glass

-One perfect cleavage breaks into thin flexible sheets

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What mineral is this?

-Light colored, many colors possible

-Glassy luster, harder than glass

-No cleavage

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What mineral is this?

-Light colored, white or clear, many colors possible

-Glassy luster, softer than glass

-3 perfect directions of cleavage NOT @ 90º

-Reacts vigorously with acid (looks like Sprite)

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What mineral is this?

-Light colored, pink, white, gray, beige, black

-Glassy to dull luster, commonly in fine-grained granular masses

-Softer than glass

-3 perfect directions of cleavage NOT @ 90º

-Reacts slowly with acid or only if the sample is powdered

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What mineral is this?

-Red or pink color most common

-Glassy luster, harder than glass

-May show equidimensional (round with sparkly faces) crystals

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What mineral is this?

-Pistachio-green color

-Dull luster

-Harder than glass

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What mineral is this?

-Shades of green to greenish black

-Glassy to dull luster, softer than glass

-One perfect cleavage (may be deformed, wavy)

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What Igneous rock is this?

-Phaneritic texture: large interlocking crystals (pegmatitic texture has very large interlocking crystals--3+ cm, or about 1.5 in)

-Felsic mineral composition (must have quartz and K-spar, may have smaller amounts of muscovite, biotite, and light plagioclase feldspar)

-The potassium feldspar may be either pink or white. The quarts is usually clear or smoky gray-brown.

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What igneous rock is this?

-Phaneritic texture: large interlocking crystals

-Intermediate mineral composition (must have light plagioclase feldspar and amphibole, may have smaller amounts of biotite, pyroxene, dark plagioclase and quartz)

-Will look like salt and pepper, in about equal amounts.

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What igneous rock is this?

-Phaneritic texture: large interlocking crystals

-Mafic mineral composition (must have dark plagioclase feldspar and pyroxene, may have smaller amounts of amphibole, olivine, biotite, and magnetite)

-It will not have any light-colored minerals. All black or dark gray.

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What igneous rock is this?

-Phaneritic texture: large interlocking crystals (In dunite, the crystals may be a bit smaller but they are still large enough to see with the unaided eye.)

-Ultramafic mineral composition--the very top of Bowen's Reaction Series (must have OLIVINE, may have very small amounts of pyroxene, magnetite, and other minerals)

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What igneous rock is this?

-Aphanitic texture: small interlocking crystals (too small to see with the unaided eye); (vesicular texture is aphanitic with holes from trapped gases)

-Felsic mineral composition (you will not be able to see individual minerals, only that the specimen is light in color)

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What igneous rock is this?

-Aphanitic texture: small interlocking crystals (too small to see with the unaided eye)

-Intermediate mineral composition (you will not be able to see individual minerals, only that the specimen is a mid-tone gray, purple, red, or green)

-As with rhyolite, some specimens will have flow indicators and contain pyroclastic fragments.

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What igneous rock is this?

-Aphanitic texture: small interlocking crystals (too small to see with the unaided eye); (vesicular texture is aphanitic with holes from trapped gases)

-Mafic mineral composition (you will not be able to see individual minerals, only that the specimen is dark gray or black)

-Basalt does not usually contain pyroclastic material because basalt eruptions are not usually explosive.

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What igneous rock is this?

-Volcanic glass ("Dragon glass" for you GOT fans.)

-It is not possible to know the composition (felsic, intermediate, mafic) of these rocks. They require chemical analysis to know their chemistry.

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What sedimentary rock is this?

-Large, rounded to sub-rounded clasts. Indicates sediment transport by rapidly flowing water.

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What sedimentary rock is this?

-Large, angular clasts. Indicates minimal transport from sediment source, or perhaps transport by ice which does not cause clasts to become tumbled.

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What sedimentary rock is this?

-Almost entirely quartz sand. Grains are well sorted in both size and composition.

-The specimen will look very clean (very little silt or clay). Grains may be quite small but you will still be able to see them with your unaided eye and the specimen will feel gritty, like an emery board.

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What sedimentary rock is this?

-Mostly sand (will look and feel gritty). Usually dark due to the presence of clays and silt (mud). Wackes are dirty sandstones.

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What sedimentary rock is this?

-A poorly sorted mix of composition, grain sizes, and shapes. Will have a high percentage of feldspar (usually pink). May be red or orange in color due to deposition in a terrestrial (on land) setting where iron reacts with the atmosphere to form red iron oxide (rust).

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What sedimentary rock is this?

-Grains are too small to see but may feel slightly gritty due to presence of silt-sized clasts and some fine sand. Color varies. Massive--does not break into sheets like shale.

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What sedimentary rock is this?

-Fine-grained, too small to see, composed predominantly of clay particles and, so, feels smooth. Colors vary--red and black are common. Most importantly, breaks into sheets (fissile).

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What sedimentary rock is this?

-Composition: quartz (silica)

-Scratches glass (because composed of quartz)

Colors vary

-SUPER fine-grained. Very, very smooth texture

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What sedimentary rock is this?

-Composition: carbon

-Black, low density

-May be dull or shiny

-May have impressions of plants

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What sedimentary rock is this?

-Composition: gypsum

-Color is variable. Pink, white and beige are common

-Softer than glass, can scratch with fingernail

-Texture is granular, like wet sugar

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What sedimentary rock is this?

-Composition: halite (salt)

-Color is variable. Clear, pink, white and beige are common

-Texture may be crystalline or sugary

-Softer than glass, tastes salty

-Slippery when wet (because the salt starts dissolving)

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What sedimentary rock is this?

-Composition: dolomite

-Reacts slowly with acid or only when specimen is powdered

-Color varies

-Texture may be fine or sugary

-Does not scratch glass

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What sedimentary rock is this?

-Texture varies from fine grained to crystalline. However, fossils or fragments of fossils will be visible.

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What sedimentary rock is this?

-Lots of shell fragments, loosely cemented together, very porous. Looks like a rice crispy treat

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What sedimentary rock is this?

-Made of round, sand-sized calcite grains. They look like tiny little jawbreaker candies.

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What sedimentary rock is this?

-Will have a crystalline or sugary texture (calcite cleavage faces will sparkle on broken surfaces). May also contain fossils.

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What sedimentary rock is this?

-VERY smooth, fine-grained texture. Similar to chert but will not scratch glass (because it is composed of calcite, not quartz). Colors vary.

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What sedimentary rock is this?

-White to light tan. Very smooth, fine texture. Very soft--can scratch with fingernail (and write on a chalkboard...). Looks and feels like chalk. Because that's what it is.

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What metamorphic rock is this?

-Fine grained, slaty texture

-Black to dark gray

-Breaks into sheets

-Looks a lot like shale. Because it is weakly metamorphosed shale.

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What metamorphic rock is this?

-Fine grained, phyllitic texture

-Black to dark gray, silvery

-Breaks into sheets. Surfaces are wrinkled

-Silvery appearance and wrinkled texture are the result of slightly higher metamorphic grade (temperature and pressure conditions) that cause the clay minerals to grow slightly larger (but still not large enough to see).

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What metamorphic rock is this?

-Intermediate to high metamorphic grade

-Mineral grains are large enough to see

-Usually very sparkly

-More specific name is based on mineral composition and/or metamorphic facies

-This specimen has mica flakes that are strongly foliated with grains large enough to see

(a)  

What metamorphic rock is this?

-Intermediate to high metamorphic grade

-Mineral grains are large enough to see

-Usually very sparkly

-More specific name is based on mineral composition and/or metamorphic facies

-Mineral grains are smaller than most schists but will still be strongly foliated. Has a distinctive blue tint due to the presence of the amphibole variety, glaucophane.

(a)  

What metamorphic rock is this?

-Intermediate to high metamorphic grade

-Mineral grains are large enough to see

-Usually very sparkly

-More specific name is based on mineral composition and/or metamorphic facies

-Strongly foliated with sparkly needles of amphibole. Recall that amphibole has two directions of cleavage, not at right angles.

(a)  

What metamorphic rock is this?

-Intermediate to high metamorphic grade

-Mineral grains are large enough to see

-Usually very sparkly

-More specific name is based on mineral composition and/or metamorphic facies

-A schistose texture with larger chunks of metamorphic minerals. Garnet and staurolite are common.

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What metamorphic rock is this?

-A high grade, foliated metamorphic rock

-Mafic and felsic minerals coalesce to form alternating light and dark bands

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What metamorphic rock is this?

-Nonfoliated

-Sugary texture

-Usually light in color

-Composed almost entirely of quartz

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What metamorphic rock is this?

-Nonfoliated

-Sugary to crystalline texture

-Color varies, white is common

-Composed almost entirely of calcite (and thus reacts vigorously with acid)

-Makes great statues (looking at you, Michaelangelo)

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What metamorphic rock is this?

-Nonfoliated

-Granular, sugary, or crystalline texture

-Composed of green pyroxene and red/pink garnet and a small amount of quartz and other minerals.

-Sometimes referred to as "Christmas Rock" because of the green and red minerals

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What metamorphic rock is this?

-Most grains are too small to see, but a few grains may be visible

-Dark gray or black with greenish tint

-May or may not be foliated

-It's metamorphosed basalt

-Has the least personality of all of the metamorphic rocks.

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