WorksheetsComp sci data and info
Total questions: 41
Worksheet time: 1hrs 22mins
What is lossless data compression?
It is a form of data compression that reduces the data file size with an acceptable loss of data information. It does not allow the original file to be restored.
It is a form of data compression that reduces the data file size by removing non-essential data. When the file is restored it appears like the original file.
It is a form of data compression that is only used for temporary data files. The file is reduced and stays compressed.
It is a form of data compression that reduces the data file size without any of loss of data information. It allows the original file to be restored.
What is lossy data compression?
It is a form of data compression that reduces the data file size without any of loss of data information. It allows the original file to be restored.
It is a form of data compression that reduces the data file size with an acceptable loss of data information. It does not allow the original file to be restored.
It is a form of data compression that reduces the data file size by removing non-essential data. When the file is restored it appears like the original file.
It is a form of data compression that is only used for temporary data files. The file is reduced and stays compressed.
How is it possible to reduce data file in size for compression and then restore it to its original format without any loss of information?
Clever algorithms are used that only remove non-essential "blank" data.
The removed data is store elsewhere on the Cloud and added later during restoring.
Repetitive data, like a color on an image, can be stored with a formula.
It is not really possible to store 100%, but the data loss is not noticeable.
What is metadata?
It is a name for the data that is lost during data compression.
It is the data that has been analyzed and classified as significant.
It is the name for data that is not compressed.
It is data about data, such as file size, data format, creation date, etc.
Social media companies, like Facebook, lower picture quality of high resolution images before posting them on the Internet. Why is this an acceptable practice?
Lower quality means smaller files and quicker transmission times.
Lower quality means smaller files and less memory required for storing the image.
Most people will not notice any difference. Social media does not require high resolution quality, such as is needed for printing large pictures or zooming.
All of the above
A high resolution picture is taken of an eagle flying in the sky. Is this picture a good candidate for lossless data compression or should lossy data compression be used?
Lossy data compression is fine, because the picture started with high resolution.
This decision cannot be made without knowing the purpose of the image.
This picture is a good candidate for lossless data compression. Much of the picture will include sky pixels of the same color that can be stored in a formula and restored to its original image quality.
All still pictures should use lossless data compression. Only audio files and video files can manage lossydata compression well.
The National Security Agency (NSA) collects and processes more data than any other US government agency. The enormous data collection raises concern on a regular basis about privacy issues. What can such an agency do to make US citizens more comfortable about their personal and sensitive information?
Make assurances that all data, once looked at for terrorist connections, is removed.
Check only data sources that come from known terrorist individuals and organizations.
Do not collect or store any data from within the United States.
Limit initial data collection to metadata until such data triggers security concerns.
Data files start in many different original formats, like numbers, text, still images, videos, and audio sounds. What is true about the storage of all these data files in a computer?
All data files have a different individual system for storing information. Decimal numbers use base-2 bits. Text uses ASCII values. Images use RGB color triples and audio files convert its analog sound to digital wave length.
All data files, regardless of its original format, are converted into a digital format and at its lowest level become a sequence of binary bits of ones and zeros that are stored in memory.
All data files start as analog files that are converted to computer digital, decimal files.
All of the above
Large data sets are useful in finding patterns in the data that can predict future usage. Which of the following is used to predict future usage?
Calculating the monthly bill charged
Using past purchases to recommend products for possible purchase
Identifying the largest spending addresses
Identifying the time at which most purchases are made
Suppose that a company is creating an algorithm that matches people to advertisements that they might have an interest in. The company is basing its algorithm on a data source accumulated from data bought from social media. Which of the following sources would be useful for the algorithm?
Information about a person's video-watching preferences (whether they watch viral videos, reviews, animations, etc.)
A social network's information on what sites a person likes and follows
Information on a person's previous purchases
All of the above
Short message services (SMS) can be sent from one phone to another phone. Once the message is converted into binary form it is sent by radio waves to the control tower. Once the SMS travels through the control tower it arrives at the short message service center to be stored or sent immediately. In addition to sending the SMS, the cell phone carrier sends metadata. Which of the following is not metadata?
The time the message was sent and received
The content of the SMS
The geographic location of both the sender and the receiver
The phone number of both the sender and the receiver
Spotify is a music streaming service that uses metadata collected to suggest future playlists. The metadata contains the album name, the genre, the tags describing the music, the mood of the music, and the time and date the music was played. Which of the following CANNOT be determined using only the information contained in the metadata?
The most popular current album
The time when the streaming service is used
Whether the streaming service is used more during inclement weather
The least common mood of the audience
Google Trends is a website by Google that analyzes the popularity of top search queries in Google Search across various regions and languages. The large number of searches make Google Trends one of the world's largest real-time data sets. The data can be filtered so no one is personally identified, categorized, and grouped together.
Which of the following is Trends data most likely to answer?
Whether the public is concerned about incoming weather
What date is the cheapest date to book a hotel room
The cost of a gas-powered chainsaw
The length of the Iditarod
In 2000, the Chicago Public Schools set up a computing algorithm to detect teachers who had changed their students' answers on standardized tests. The algorithm would look at students' answers, with letters representing correct answers, a 0 representing a blank answer, and other numbers representing an incorrect answer. Which of the following is a way that the algorithm could have used this data?
To look for consecutive answer patterns shared by students in the same class
To look at the number of correct answers on harder questions
To look for consecutive correct answers shared by students in the same class
To look at the percentage of students who passed the test
Suppose a team is creating a program that contains several different data-based algorithms. Which of the following would be the most effective strategy for creating the algorithms?
Each algorithm is created and implemented by the entire group before the next one is started.
Each algorithm is created by a different member, and one member tries to implement them as they are completed.
Each algorithm is created by a different member and is implemented by the entire group after all algorithms are completed.
Each algorithm is created and implemented by a different member based on particular strengths and experiences that the group agrees on at the start of programming.
A programmer is writing a program that is intended to process large amounts of data. Which of the following is likely to affect the ability of the program to process larger data sets?
How well the program is documented
The order in which the data is put into the data set
How much memory the program requires to run
How many program statements the program contains
Some computer science companies have certain rules that members must meet face-to-face or over video chat a certain amount of times per week. Some companies have physical robots with screens or faces. What is the importance of these face-to-face meetings?
Face-to-face interaction makes it easier to share and discuss information used in the project, compared to impersonal methods such as messaging.
Face-to-face interaction is more convenient than any other form of communication.
Impersonal methods such as messaging are more expensive than face-to-face methods.
Face-to-face methods are more time efficient than impersonal methods.
Which of the following is a uniquely useful feature of search engines?
The ability to distinguish between different versions of something (e.g., differentiating a 1984 film from its 2005 remake)
The ability to find and filter information from a large variety of sites
The ability to find basic information such as creators or release dates
The ability to find information originally released in print form
Suppose that a team was creating an online registry of the books in a library system. The purpose of the registry is to make it easier to find a certain book by using both filters and searches. Which of the following would NOT be a useful way for a user to filter the entries?
The genre of the book
The library / libraries in the system that have a copy of the book
The author of the book
The number of letters in the book's title
Which of the following is an example of metadata that serves to be descriptive of the content of a file?
User-selected tags (e.g., "Vacation", "Personal Work")
File size
Date created
Program used to read the file
Which of the following can metadata use to improve the use of actual data?
Files can be sorted by date of creation to make finding an old file easier
The Author and Organization fields in documents can be used to keep track of the source of a document.
The length of a set of videos can be used to determine the way that those videos should be presented.
All of the above
Why is it important that online systems with large data sets be scalable?
If the workload placed on the system increases, the resulting decrease in performance can be mitigated.
If the workload placed on the system increases, the resulting increase in performance can be mitigated.
If a system is scalable, all future programs will run faster.
If a system is scalable, all future programs are guaranteed to run properly.
Which of the following is an example of a way to improve the transmission of large data sets?
Encryption - uses a public key to scramble the code and requires a specific private key for it to be reassembled properly
Emulation - a computer runs a program that allows it to behave like another machine.
SMS - a client and server periodically send small messages to each other to ensure that the connection between them has not bee severed.
Compression - files are made smaller by utilizing an algorithm and then must be uncompressed by the receiver.
Which of the following is a trade-off inherent in lossy compression ease of handling?
Smaller file size (bytes)
Viewing ability
Image quality
Image size (pixels)
Which of the following is a way to protect data containing personal information?
Encryption - uses a public key to scramble the code and requires a specific private key for it to be reassembled properly
Compression - files are made smaller by utilizing an algorithm and then must be uncompressed by the receiver.
SMS - a client and server periodically send small messages to each other to ensure that the connection between them has not bee severed.
Emulation - a computer runs a program that allows it to behave like another machine.
Which data compression technique provides the most compression?
Lossy
Lossless
Filtering
Classification
Why is cleaning data important?
It ensures incomplete data does not hide or skew results.
It removes bad data.
It repairs incomplete data.
All of the above.
If analyzing data indicates a company should only hire people with a college degree because they stay at the company longer, what is this a potential indication of?
Good data management practices leading to good hiring practices
Frequency analysis to identify commonalities in the data
Bias in collecting the data
Data assessment and inquiry of hiring practices
Why is analyzing data with computers important?
To identify patterns that humans cannot see
To increase the viability of server farms
To verify existing solutions to problems
To test due diligence
What is information about the author of a document considered to be?
Metadata
Content
Context
Mididata
What is the amount of data compression an algorithm can produce reliant upon?
No repeating parts of the file being compressed
Several patterns in the data
A large file size
A small file size
What is the amount of data compression an algorithm can produce reliant upon?
No repeating parts of the file being compressed
Several patterns in the data
A large file size
A small file size
How can an organization begin the process of analyzing data?
By following an iterative development process
By establishing measurements the data should show
By developing hypotheses and questions to test
By checking to see if the data matches previously collected data
What is a reason to perform additional research on correlations found through data analysis?
There may not be an actual cause and effect relationship between the correlation variables.
A single source may not provide enough data for a conclusion.
To understand the relationship between the variables.
All of the above.
Metadata is used to
provide updates to the data
help find and organize data
brand the data
sort the data
An example of metadata about sea turtle nests could be
number of eggs in the nest
location of the nest
number of incubation days
tracking number assigned to the nest
Being able to add or remove resources to store large datasets is called
scalability
filtering
efficiency
routing
Data compression algorithms are used when the data
Data compression algorithms are used when the data
is used for cryptography to keep data secure
is too large to send in a timely manner
needs to be sent a large physical distance away
Providing someone read-only access to data is an example of
security
privacy
encryption
ciphering
A company purchases a large block of data from a social media site. If they want to analyze the data to learn more about potential customers, what techniques should they use?
Simulations to test different hypotheses about what data could be present
Data analysis to identify patterns and relationships in the data for further analysis
Maximization to get the highest return on their purchase of the data
Data processing to use the data with existing company software to see if it will run on their systems or if new ones will need to be developed
A magnet school wants to advertise its students' success taking AP exams to prospective families. What's the best method to share the summarize data?
Post an image of student results on social media sites.
Create an interactive pie chart that can drill down to topics and overall scores posted on the school's website.
Write a report for a marketing pamphlet.
Send an e-mail to families with middle-school-age children.
