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WorksheetsReview ELISA, DNA sequencing
Total questions: 33
Worksheet time: 1hrs 6mins
4.) During the ELISA test, what happens when the enzyme becomes attached to the substrate?
a.) bind to primary antibody
b.) destroy the antigen
c.) color change
d.) no antigens present
5.) In what order should you add the reagents to perform an ELISA test?
a.) Primary antibody, antigen sample, enzyme-linked secondary antibody, substrate
b.) Antigen sample, primary antibody, enzyme-linked secondary antibody, substrate
c.) Substrate, enzyme-linked secondary antibody, antigen samples
d.) Primary antibody, enzyme-linked secondary antibody, antigen samples, substrate
6.) ________ have surface _________ where _________ attach.
a.) antibodies, pathogens, antigens
b.) antigens, antibodies, pathogens
c.) pathogens, antibodies, antigens
d.) pathogens, antigens, antibodies
7.) An outbreak of a disease has been spreading through a small community. Using samples taken from infected patients, which of the following tests BEST enable doctors to identify an unknown pathogen from the outbreak?
a.) DNA electrophoresis to compare samples
b.) Sequence via Recombinant DNA methods
c.) Automated sequencer to determine the DNA sequence, then compare to known organisms using BLAST.
d.) Use PCR to amplify the genome of the infected patients, then give to test subjects.
9.) What career combines molecular biology and computer analysis?
a.) diagnostic imaging
b.) genetics
c.) bioinformatics
d.) microbiology
10.) Place the following processes for using DNA for bacterial identification in order:
1. obtain bacterial DNA from patient samples
2. Sequence the bacterial DNA by reading the order of fluorescent nucleotides
3. Use BLAST to match the bacterial sequence to known organisms
4. Use PCR to amplify (make more copies of) the bacterial DNA.
5. Use fluorescently tagged nucleotides for sequencing
a.) 1, 4, 5, 2, 3
b.) 1, 4, 3, 5, 2
c.) 1, 2, 5, 3, 4
d.) 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
20.) Which of the following correctly describes vaccines?
a.) They are not considered medical interventions.
b.) They cause the body to make more antigens
c.) They cause the body to make antibodies against the antigen
d.) They cause a mutation in the vaccinated person that makes them immune to the pathogen.
If 1 mL sample is put into tube #1 that has 24 ml diluent, what is the tube dilution?
1/25
1/50
1/24
1/625
If 1 mL sample from tube #1 with a tube dilution of 1/25 is placed in tube #2 with 24 mL of diluent, what is the final dilution of tube #2?
final dilution 1/24 x 1/24
final dilution 1/25
final dilution 1/25 x 1/25
final dilution 1/24
If 20 uL sample is put into tube #1 with 100 uL diluent, what is the tube dilution of tube #1?
tube dilution 1/120
tube dilution 20/120 or 1/6
tube dilution 1/100
final dilution 1/20
If 1 mL sample is put into tube #1 that has 49 mL of diluent, what is the tube dilution?
1/49
1/50
1/100
1/5
Antibody structure is commonly
Z shaped
Y shaped
W shaped
T shaped
What is a primary antibody?
Patient's antibody and initial step in ELISA
Antibody with bound enzyme
The most important antibody
attached to substrate, produce color change
In an ELISA test, what does the secondary antibody bind to?
The antigen/protein
The tube/dish
The primary antibody
itself
Why is there an enzyme attached to the secondary antibody?
They link to the proteins used
The catalyze reactions
They can cause a color change, indicating antigen exposure
They are used to detect DNA
Which of the following identifies the type of pathogen during an epidemic?
Consensus of the symptoms of those that are affected.
Presence or absence of a rash.
Response to antibiotics.
DNA sequencing.
Which of the following cannot be determined by an ELISA test?
Concentration of antigens
Presence of disease
Genetic sequence of a pathogen
Order of infection
After adding the secondary antibody and enzyme complex to the ELISA, what is added next (after washing) to create the color change?
substrate
primary antibody
enzyme #2
antigen
The BLAST database: what type of information do they have
List of symptoms of all known illnesses
DNA and RNA sequences of different pathogens
Samples of different bacterial cultures
Genetically modified laboratory organisms
What does it mean to 'amplify' a DNA sample
Recombine DNA using restriction enzymes
Grow bacteria that host that DNA fragment in a petri dish
Use PCR to make many more copies
Run the DNA fragment through a sequence to get the genome
B cells produce uniquely shaped proteins called antibodies that bind to ______ to mark them for destruction.
Enzymes
Secondary Antibodies
Antigens
Hormones
What is the role of the substrate in an ELISA test?
It binds directly to the antigen if the antigen is present
It washes excess fluid away from the antibodies to the antigen can bind
It binds to the secondary antibody-enzyme and causes a color change
No substrate is used in an ELISA
Which is the correct sequence when performing an ELISA
substrate > antigen > primary antibody > secondary antibody > enzyme
primary antibody > secondary antibody >substrate > antigen > enzyme
secondary antibody >substrate > antigen > primary antibody > enzyme
antigen > primary antibody > secondary antibody > enzyme > substrate
What information is needed to best use the BLAST bioinformatics tool?
The symptoms of the disease
The number of people infected
The concentration of the the ELISA results
A nucleotide sequence
A doctor orders an ELISA test for two patients. The results show a color change from clear to blue. Patient A results are a dark blue while the results for patient B are a light blue. What is the most likely diagnosis?
Patient A is more infected, or has had the infection longer, more antibodies
Patient B is more infected, or has had the infection longer, more antibodies
The patients are infected equally
Neither patient is infected
Small amounts of DNA of a pathogen can be amplified to produce millions of copies by which process?
ELISA
DNA sequencing
Polymerase Chain Reaction
Serial Dilution
Which one cannot be determined by ELISA
Concentration of antigens
Presence of disease
Genetic sequence of a pathogen
Order of infection
If 1 mL sample form tube #1 with a tube dilution of 1/25 is placed in tube #2 with 24 mL of diluent, what is the tube dilution of tube #2?
tube dilution 1/24
tube dilution 1/25
tube dilution 1/25 x 1/25
tube dilution 1/24 x 1/24
