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Winter Benchmark Review Set #2 (Water and Carbon Cycle)

Total questions: 40

Worksheet time: 39mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Water particles evaporate when they gain kinetic energy. What is the energy source that causes drives the water cycle and evaporation?

a)

The moon

b)

The heat from our home in the winter all around the world

c)

The sun

d)

The heat generated soley from the core of the earth

2.

Oceans, the atmosphere, and groundwater are all ________ in the water cycle.

a)

Nodes

b)

Sinks

c)

Reservoirs

d)

Stations

3.

The graphic shows that only 3% of the Earth's water is fresh water. The graphic also shows that of this 3%, almost all of it is contained in two reservoirs. What are the two reservoirs that contain almost all of Earth's fresh water?

a)

glaciers and groundwater

b)

streams and estuaries

c)

marshes and swamps

d)

lakes and rivers

4.

What characteristic is shown in the image?

a)

Polarity

b)

Hydrogen Bonds

c)

Cohesion

d)

Adhesion

5.

This individual is ice fishing. They cut through the top layers of ice to reach the water and fish below. What property of water allows for this to happen?

a)

Expansion Upon Freezing

b)

Universal Solvent

c)

Ability to Moderate Temperature

d)

Cohesive Behavior

6.
 Small insects can walk across the surface of calm water. Their feet push the surface of the water down slightly, somewhat like a person walking across a trampoline, but they do not break the surface. What is the best explanation for why this happens?
a)
The insects are light enough so that they do not break the hydrogen bonds holding the water molecules together
b)
The insects actually use their wings to hover slightly above the water's surface and they only skim it with their feet
c)
The insects' feet are non-polar, so they are repelled by the polar water molecules and are pushed away from the water's surface
d)
The insects are small enough to see the individual water molecules, so they are able to step carefully from one molecule to the next
7.

How would the geosphere be affected by snow melting?

a)

the water would erode mountains and soil

b)

the snow would evaporate into gasses

c)

the water would over water plants and trees

d)

the water would cause rivers to flood

8.

How would the atmosphere be affected by a forest fire?

a)

the soil would burn

b)

the plants and animals would be burned

c)

smoke and ash would go into the air

d)

ash would fall into the lakes and rivers

9.

Which spheres would be affected from a volcanic eruption?

a)

geosphere and biosphere

b)

hydrosphere and atmosphere

c)

geosphere and atmosphere

d)

ALL OF THEM

10.

Match the following terms to their examples

a)

precipitation

1.

rain

b)

evaporation

2.

steam

c)

condensation

3.

water droplets on a glass

d)

transpiration

4.

water evaporating from a leaf

e)

sublimation

5.

water evaporating directly off of ice

11.

Match the following spheres to their best description:

a)

hydrosphere

1.

water

b)

biosphere

2.

life

c)

geosphere

3.

landforms & soil

d)

atmosphere

4.

gases

12.

Based on the table, the activity shows the result of deposition are on numbers ….

a)

1 and 2

b)

2 and 3

c)

3 and 4

d)

1 and 4

13.
Question Image

Match the following terms to their correct location on the water cycle image:

a)

4

1.

condensation

b)

3

2.

evaporation

c)

5

3.

precipitation

d)

1

4.

sun's energy

e)

2

5.

accumulation

14.

The process by which organisms use oxygen to release the energy in food and carbon dioxide and water

a)

photosynthesis

b)

cellular respiration

c)

chemosynthesis

d)

metabolism

15.
What is happening at 1?
a)
respiration: releasing CO2
b)
decomposing CO2 in the soil
c)
photosynthesis: absorbing CO2
d)
turning CO2 from the atmosphere into organic molecules
16.
Organisms that do not decompose can be buried and become what?
a)
water
b)
nutrients
c)
air
d)
fossil fuels
17.
Which of the following add carbon dioxide to the atmosphere?
a)
volcanoes
b)
combustion of fossil fuels
c)
animal and plant respiration
d)
all of these
18.

Why does too much carbon dioxide in the atmosphere cause climate change?

a)

It cools our planet.

b)

Blocks out UV rays.

c)

Lets light escape.

d)

Traps heat and warms the planet.

19.

What does the Xylem transport?

a)

Water and Minerals

b)

Glucose

c)

Blood

d)

Chlorophyll

20.

How many total POTASSIUM (K) atoms are in this formula?

a)

8

b)

2

c)

4

d)

12

21.
Opening that allows gas exchange
a)
Stomata
b)
Leaves
c)
Roots
d)
Vascular tissue
22.
Which of the following is the correct equation for PHOTOSYNTHESIS?
a)

CO2 + light + H2O --> O2 + Sugar

b)

CO2 + sugar + H2O --> O2 + light

c)

CO2 + O2 + H2O --> Light+ Sugar

d)

O2 + light + H2O --> CO2 + Sugar

23.
Which conclusion best matches the trends shown on the graph?
a)
Bean plants produce more ATP than corn plants.
b)
Corn plants require more oxygen than bean plants.
c)
Corn plants release more carbon dioxide than bean plants.
d)
Corn plants produce sugars at a faster rate than bean plants.
24.

Match the following products and reactants of photosynthesis and respiration:

a)

products of Cellular Respiration

1.

oxygen and water as waste, ATP energy

b)

reactants of Cellular Respiration

2.

glucose found in food, oxygen in air

c)

products of Photosynthesis

3.

glucose stored in cells and oxygen waste

d)

reactants of Photosynthesis

4.

carbon dioxide in air and water in soil

25.

Match the following Macromolecules with their use:

a)

Carbohydrates

1.

fast energy

b)

Lipids

2.

energy storage

c)

Nucleic Acids

3.

DNA, RNA

d)

Proteins

4.

repair/build tissue

26.

The graph shows us that

a)

the earth temperature is always increasing

b)

the earth's temperature has steadily increased since 1900

c)

the earth's temperature has steadily rising since the 1960s

d)

the earth's temperature decreased during the 19th and 20th centuries

27.

A principle that states that matter can be transformed but cannot be created or destroyed

a)

Law of conservation of energy

b)

Law of conservation of momentum

c)

Law of conservation of mass

d)

Law of conservation of matter

28.
How do living organisms return carbon to the atmosphere in the carbon cycle?
a)
respiration and photosynthesis
b)
 decomposition and respiration
29.

What is one disadvantage of renewable resources such as wind and solar power?

a)

They are worse for the environment.

b)

They are expensive to set up.

c)

They create greenhouse gases.

d)

They will eventually run out.

30.

What is one DISADVANTAGE of using fossil fuels?

a)

Fossil fuels will never run out.

b)

Fossil fuels are very efficient forms of energy and are readily available, making them cheaper.

c)

Burning fossil fuels contributes to the greenhouse effect which causes global warming.

d)

Fossil fuels are better for the environment.

31.

Match the following ADVANTAGES to their corresponding Natural Energy Source

a)

Fossil Fuels

1.

Fast, quick electrical energy and can be transported

b)

Nuclear

2.

largest amount of electrical energy from a single atom

c)

Hydropower

3.

relies on the natural movement of water from a local source and releases NO CO2

d)

Solar

4.

uses radiation from the sun and releases NO CO2

e)

Biomass

5.

uses scraps & waste from farming; can easily regrow trees on land; can be transported

32.

What effect do cows and other livestock have on global warming? Choose the best answer.

a)

They eat trees and grass, which adds to global warming

b)

Their digestive systems produce methane, a powerful greenhouse gas

c)

Humans use lots of fossil fuels to cook the meat they produce, adding to global warming

d)

Livestock have high body temperatures and emit infrared radiation, adding to global warming

33.

What might happen if the greenhouse effect didn't exist?

a)

It would be too cold for humans to survive on the Earth

b)

The Earth's temperature would be much more comfortable

c)

The Sun's rays would never reach the surface of the Earth

d)

The Earth wouldn't have gravity

34.

The graph below shows CO2 emissions and temperatures from 1984 to 2009. What conclusion is best supported by the graph?

a)

There is no relationship between carbon dioxide concentrations and temperatures

b)

As carbon dioxide concentrations increase, temperatures increase

c)

As carbon dioxide concentrations increase, temperatures decrease

35.

Match the following RENEWABLE resources with the correct descriptions

a)

Hydropower

1.

uses water to turn a turbine for electricity

b)

Wind

2.

uses wind to turn a turbine for electricity

c)

Geothermal

3.

uses heat from within earth to boil water, which will evaporate & turn a turbine for electricity

d)

Solar

4.

uses sun's radiation to generate electricity

e)

Biomass

5.

burns organic matter to boil water, which will evaporate & turn a turbine for electricity

36.

Match the following types of energies with their BEST Disadvantage:

a)

Requires a large area of land and releases CO2 when burned

1.

Biomass

b)

practical only in locations near volcanoes or earthquakes and water waste can damage soil

2.

Geothermal

c)

can disrupt wildlife, such as bird migration patterns

3.

Wind Turbine

d)

Can cause flooding upriver and harm wildlife

4.

Hydropower

37.

What is one DISADVANTAGE of using renewable resources?

a)

They are not as efficient as burning fossil fuels.

b)

They will eventually run out.

c)

They are cheaper and better for the environment.

38.

After rain precipitates down to Earth's surface it can slowly ​ (a)   into the soil then ​ (b)   slowly by passing through soil and permeable rock layers in the ground into an​ (c)   .

Choose from the below words
infiltrate
percolate
aquifer
39.
The diagram shows the flow of organic molecules through an ecosystem. What two processes are identified by the labels X and Y?
a)
X : Respiration
Y : Predation
b)
X : Adaptation
Y : Decomposition
c)
X : Fermentation
Y : Nitrogen Fixation
d)
X : Decomposition
Y : Respiration
40.
In which way are photosynthesis and cellular respiration different?
a)
Cellular respiration stores ATP, while photosynthesis releases ATP.
b)
Cellular respiration produces oxygen, while photosynthesis uses oxygen.
c)
Photosynthesis releases energy, while cellular respiration stores energy.
d)
Photosynthesis used carbon dioxide, while cellular respiration produces carbon dioxide.

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