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DNA structure and replication

Total questions: 46

Worksheet time: 47mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
What are the 4 nitrogen bases?
a)
adenine, thymine, cytoplasm, and guanine
b)
adenine, thymine cytosine, and guanine
c)
adenine, thymine, cytosine, and gylcerol
d)
adenine, thymine, cytosine, and glucose
2.
Which 2 molecules forms the sides (backbone) of the DNA ladder?
a)
deoxyribose and adenine
b)
deoxyribose and a hydrogen bond
c)
sugar and the nucleus
d)
deoxyribose (sugar) and phosphate
3.
Which of the following best describes a DNA molecule?
a)
double helix
b)
contains ribose
c)
made of amino acids
d)
contains Uracil
4.
Which of the following units are repeatedly joined together to form a strand of DNA? (This is the MONOMER of DNA.) 
a)
amino acids
b)
nucleotides
c)
fatty acids
d)
polysaccharides
5.

Adenine base pairs with ______________ on the opposite DNA strand

a)

Guanine

b)

Thymine

c)

Cytosine

d)

Adenine

6.
Guanine bonds with ______________.
a)
Adenine
b)
Guanine
c)
Cytosine
d)
Thymine
7.

Which enzyme is responsible for adding nucleotides with a covalent to a growing DNA strand?

a)

Topoisomerase

b)

DNA Polymerase

c)

Ligase

d)

Primase

8.

The nucleic acid DNA is composed of

a)

sugar, protein, and nitrogenous bases.

b)

protein, nitrogenous bases, and phosphate.

c)

nitrogenous bases, phosphate, and RNA.

d)

deoxyribose sugar, phosphate, and nitrogenous bases.

9.

Which of the following is an enzyme used during DNA Replication to split Hydrogen Bonds and unwind the helix?

a)

ATP

b)

Helicase

c)

Catalase

d)

DNA

10.
Select the proper sequence of events.
a)
DNA Unzips then nucleotides are added, DNA Zips resulting into 2 strands of DNA
b)
DNA makes an exact copy of itself.
c)
New Nucleotides are added and then DNA unzips and becomes single stranded.
d)
Nucleottides are added and then the DNA Unzips. 
11.
When DNA has finished Replication, which of the following has been created?
a)
Four new double stranded DNA molecules.
b)
Two old Stranded DNA Molecules
c)
Two Double Stranded DNA Molecules, each with one old strand and one new strand.
d)
No new DNA is generated.
12.
Which sequence of DNA bases would pair with this partial strand
ATG TGA CAG
a)
ATG TGA CAG
b)
TAC ACT GTC
c)
GTA AGT GAC
d)
CAT TCA CTG
13.
In a molecule of double-stranded DNA, the amount of Adenine present is always equal to the amount of
a)
cytosine
b)
guanine
c)
thymine
d)
uracil
14.

Replicate the following strand of DNA:

AATCATGGA by making the complementary strand

a)

AATCATGGA

b)

TTAGTACCT

c)

UUAGUACCU

d)

GGATAUCUA

15.
The term used to describe DNA Replication is:
a)
Semi-Conservative
b)
Conservative
c)
AntiParallel
d)
Dispersive
16.

Who determined DNA to be a transforming agent that caused bacteria to “transform” from one type to another?

a)

Crick

b)

Sanger

c)

Fred Griffith

d)

Mullins

17.
Which scientist studied bacteria that caused pneumonia that was tested in mice.
a)
Watson
b)
Chargaff
c)
Avery
d)
Griffith
18.
Who used x-ray diffraction to get the exact three-dimensional structure of the DNA molecule? (Ultimately,the first scientist to view and confirm the three-dimensional shape of DNA.)
a)
Crick
b)
Watson
c)
Franklin
d)
Griffith
19.

The work of Erwin Chargaff allowed Watson and Crick to determine the rules of...

a)

protein synthesis

b)

transcription

c)

hydrogen bonding

d)

base pairing

20.
If Chargaff found that a sample of DNA has 20% ADENINE, how much GUANINE would he have determined to be there?
a)
30%
b)
20%
c)
80%
d)
60%
21.
The result of Hershey and Chase's T2 experiments showed that the _____ of the virus enters the host where viral replication takes place.
a)
DNA
b)
Protein
c)
Both DNA & Protein
22.
When Hershey and Chase radioactively labeled the DNA of the bacteriophage, they found radioactive phosphorous _____.
a)
in the bacterial cells
b)
in the liquid medium
c)
Both A & B
23.
Who is responsible for producing this image?
a)
Francis Crick
b)
James Watson
c)
Rosalind Franklin
d)
Watson and Crick
24.
How did Rosalind Franklin's photo 51 affect the work of Watson and Crick?
a)
It was used to determine the physical structure of DNA
b)
It was used to identify the four bases that make up DNA
c)
It was used to determine the theory of independent assortment
d)
It was used to show DNA was the molecule of inheritance
25.
What was Watson and Crick's main scientific accomplishment?
a)
Building the first accurate model of DNA
b)
Isolating strains of pneumonia causing bacteria
c)
Determining base pairing rules
d)
Discovering the process of genetic transformation
26.
From his work with mice and pneumonia-causing bacteria, Frederick Griffith discovered what?
a)
Replication
b)
Transcription
c)
Transformation
d)
Translation
27.

What organism(s) did Frederick Griffith study? There may be 2!

a)

mice

b)

bacteriophage

c)

bacteria

28.

What is a virus that infects bacteria called?

a)

bacteriophage

b)

infectious virus

c)

transformation

d)

gene change

29.

Which strain of bacteria was harmless in Griffith's experiments?

a)

S-strain

b)

R-strain

c)

T-strain

d)

B-strain

30.

When the mixture of heat-killed S-strain and R-strain bacteria was injected into the mice, what happened?

a)

The mice died

b)

The mice remained healthy

c)

The mice changed colors

d)

The mice got mean

31.
Identify the correct Purine nitrogen bases.
a)
Thymine and Cytosine
b)
Adenine and Guanine
c)
Adenine and Thymine
d)
Guanine and Cytosine 
32.
Identify the correct Pyrimidine nitrogen bases.
a)
Adenine and Guanine
b)
Thymine and Guanine
c)
Thymine and Cytosine
d)
Adenine and Cytosine 
33.
The bond that holds the nitrogenous bases together are WEAK bonds called:
a)
Hydrogen Bonds
b)
Nitrogen Bonds
c)
Carbon Bonds
d)
Phosphodiester Bonds
34.
Which statement about DNA structure is correct?
a)
The two strands are identical and run in the same direction. 
b)
The two sides are identical and run in opposite direction. 
c)
The two sides are complementary and run in the same direction.
d)
The two sides are complementary and run in opposite direction.  
35.
A nucleotide is made of 
a)
A nitrogen,a ribose sugar, and protein. 
b)
A phosphate, a deoxyribose sugar, and a carbon base.
c)
Adenine, guanine, cytosine, and  thymine.
d)
A phosphate, deoxyribose sugar, and a nitrogen base.
36.
There are _________ bonds between Adenine and Thymine and ________ bonds between Guanine and Cytosine . 
a)
Two;Three
b)
Two;Four
c)
Three;Two
d)
Four;Two 
37.

This is what part of the nucleotide?

a)

phosphate group

b)

nitrogen base

c)

sugar

d)

fatty acid

38.

This is what part of the nucleotide?

a)

phosphate group

b)

nitrogen base

c)

sugar

d)

fatty acid

39.

This is what part of the nucleotide?

a)

phosphate group

b)

nitrogen base

c)

sugar

d)

fatty acid

40.

Three hydrogen bonds hold together which two hydrogen bases?

a)

A & T

b)

G & C

c)

A & C

d)

T & G

41.

Adenine and Thymine are said to be ____________ base-pairs.

a)

matching

b)

complementary

c)

incongruous

d)

discordant

42.

The picture below shows an enzyme unwinding and unzipping DNA.

​

​What is the name of this enzyme?

a)

DNA Helicase

b)

DNA Ligase

c)

DNA polyermase

d)

RNA Polymerase

43.

Which is the first step?

a)

DNA Helicase unwinds original DNA strand

b)

RNA Primase lays down RNA primer for new nucleotide bases.

c)

DNA polymerase builds new strands by bring in new nucleotide bases.

d)

Ligase knits together fragments on lagging strand

44.

Where does the DNA molecule unzip at during DNA replication?

a)

Between the sugar and phosphate

b)

Between the sugar and nitrogen bases

c)

Between the nitrogen bases

45.
Which enzyme is responsible for adding nucleotides?
a)
Topoisomerase
b)
DNA Polymerase
c)
Ligase
d)
Primase
46.

Which enzyme is responsible for adding the free nucleotides to the replicating DNA? ​

a)

DNA Helicase

b)

DNA Ligase

c)

DNA polyermase

d)

RNA Polymerase

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