SHORT ANSWER: What are the adaptations of plankton?

SHORT ANSWER: What are the mechanisms that minimizes the sinking rate of plankton?

SHORT ANSWER: Why might some whales migrate to norhtern Atlantic waters in the spring?

SHORT ANSWER: Explain the mechanism of "Deep Scattering Layer".

PARAGRAPH ANSWER: How do you think climate change affects upwellings and ocean nutrient cycling as precursors of phytoplankton productivity?

PARAGRAPH ANSWER: How do you think anthropogenic-impacted oligotrophic coastal regions affect phytoplankton community?

PARAGRAPH ANSWER: Which do you think is the most plausible factor that affects ocean productivity, the bottom-up process (i.e., climate change impacting the primary producers) or the top-bottom process (i.e., exploitive fishing removing the tertiary predators leading to the increase of secondary consumers)?