Most sounds are produced with ____ coming from the ____ which is modified in various ways as it goes through the different ____ of the vocal ____.

(a)  

Name the stage (1) that corresponds to the following definition: "the origin and the direction of the airflow used to produce sounds in which the airstream is pulmonic (lungs) and the airstream is eggressive (air goes outwards)"

(a)  

Name the stage (2) that corresponds to the following definition: "the position of the vocal folds, which are responsible for the production of sounds"

(a)  

Name the stage (3) that corresponds to the following definition: "sounds are described acccording to the place and manner of articulation"

(a)  

English vowels are described according to four parameters:

(a)  

How many vowels with a single quality are there in English (monophtongs)?

(a)  

How many vowels with a single quality are there in Spanish (monophtongs)?

(a)  

What is the lip posture that corresponds to the vowel u:?

(a)  

What is the lip posture that corresponds to the vowel ə?

(a)  

What is the lip position that corresponds to the vowel i:?

(a)  

Name the two types of diphthongs

(a)  

[eɪ], [aɪ], [ɔɪ], [әʊ], and [aʊ] are examples of...

(a)  

[ɪә], [eә], and [ʊә]are examples of...

(a)  

English triphthongs are composed of one of the ____ ____ followed by [ә].

(a)  

When the middle vowel of the triphthongs ([i] and [ʊ]) is not entirely produced, the first one gains length and the second one is dropped. This phenomenon is known as...

(a)  

When it is not possible to distinguish whether the speaker produced [i] or [i:] and [u] or [u:], we say there is a (a)   process.

When vowels are produced with a lowered velum and air escapes through the nasal cavity, we say vowels are...

(a)  

Nasalized vowels only occur next to ____ ____.

(a)  

Vowels are always produced with vocal fold vibration, that is, they are (a)   .

Vowels that preced a ____ sound (aka, forti) are shortened or clipped, as opposed to vowels preceding ____ sounds (aka, lenis). This phenomenon is known as pre-fortis clipping and mainly occurs when the consonant is at the end of the word; e.g. "cot" vs "cod"

(a)  

When a stressed syllable is not followed by another syllable (e.g., lead), the vowel [i:] is longer, whereas when it is followed by one unstressed syllable (e.g., leader) or two (e.g., leadership), it is shorter. This phenomenon is known as:

(a)  

How many triphthongs are there in Spanish?

(a)  

How many triphthongs are there in English?

(a)  

In Spanish, [ei] does not occur in (a)   position.

In Spanish, [ei], [ai] and [au] do not occur in ____ ____ positions.

(a)  

English e-type vowels are [e] and [ɜ:]. English [e] is a bit more ____ than the Spanish, more similar to Catalan ____ e. The vowel [ɜ:] is ____ than [e].

(a)  

English [i:] is like Spanish [i] but (a)   . English [i] is much shorter than [i:] and its quality its nearer to Spanish [_] than [_]

English has two o-type vowels: [ɔ:], which is similar to Spanish [o] but ____, and [ɒ], which is more ____ and ____ than [ɔ:], hence similar to Catalan ____ o.

(a)  

English has two u-type vowels: [u:], similar to Spanish [u] but (a)   and [u], shorter than [u:] and with a quality between Spanish [_] and [_].