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WorksheetsCHAPTER 8: INVENTORY MANAGEMENT
Total questions: 75
Worksheet time: 3hrs 30mins
Name
Class
Date
1.
1.........refers to stocks of goods and materials that are maintained for many purposes, the most common being to satisfy normal demand patterns.
a)
a. logistics
b)
b. supply chain management
c)
c. inventory
d)
d. production
2.
2. Holding high levels of inventory result in........ inventory carrying costs and........stockout costs.
a)
a. high; high
b)
b. high; low
c)
c. low; high
d)
d. low; low
3.
3.........stock refers to inventory that is needed to satisfy normal demand during the course of an order cycle.
a)
a. base
b)
b. speculative
c)
c. pipeline
d)
d. safety
4.
4.........stock refers to inventory that is held in addition to cycle stock to guard against uncertainty in demand and/or lead time.
a)
a. base
b)
b. pipeline
c)
c. speculative
d)
d. buffer
5.
5.........stock refers to inventory that is en route between various nodes in a logistics system.
a)
a. base
b)
b. safety
c)
c. speculative
d)
d. cycle
e)
e. none of the above
6.
6.........stock refers to inventory that is held for several reasons, to include seasonal demand, projected price increases, and potential shortages of product.
a)
a. base
b)
b. safety
c)
c. pipeline
d)
d. speculative
7.
7.........stock is carried to stimulate demand.
a)
a. base
b)
b. psychic
c)
c. speculative
d)
d. attractive
e)
e. none of the above
8.
8. Inventory costs in the United States in the twenty-first century represent approximately........of total logistics costs.
a)
a. one-fifth
b)
b. one-fourth
c)
c. one-third
d)
d. one-half
9.
9. All of the following statements are true, except:
a)
a. the importance of individual carrying costs factors (categories) is generally consistent from product to product
b)
b. inventory carrying costs consist of a number of different components or factors
c)
c. in general, companies prefer to carry less inventory as carrying costs increase
d)
d. in general, inventory carrying costs are expressed in percentage terms
e)
e. all of the above are true
10.
10. Inventory carrying costs in the United States in the twenty-first century have ranged between........ and........percent.
a)
a. 4; 9
b)
b. 9; 14
c)
c. 14; 19
d)
d. 19; 24
11.
11. Inventory shrinkage.........
a)
a. is another name for inventory turnover
b)
b. refers to the fact that more items are recorded entering than leaving warehousing facilities
c)
c. refers to situations where the size and/or volume of inventory is decreased over time
d)
d. refers to a technique of stabilizing unit loads by using shrink wrap packaging
12.
12. Each of the following is a component of inventory carrying cost except:
a)
a. accounting cost
b)
b. storage cost
c)
c. shrinkage cost
d)
d. interest cost
e)
e. all of the above are components
13.
13. In the United States,........ has traditionally provided a convenient starting point when estimating the interest charges associated with maintaining inventory.
a)
a. Gross Domestic Product growth
b)
b. Consumer Price Index
c)
c. the prime rate of interest
d)
d. the yield on US Treasury bills
14.
14. Which of the following is not a component of ordering (order) costs?
a)
a. costs of preparing invoices
b)
b. costs of receiving orders
c)
c. costs of verifying inventory availability
d)
d. costs of conducting a credit check
e)
e. all are components of ordering (order) costs
15.
15. Which of the following situations is likely the most damaging (costly) with respect to a stockout?
a)
a. the customer buys a substitute product that yields a higher profit for the seller
b)
b. the customer buys a substitute product that yields a lower profit for the seller
c)
c. the customer goes to a competitor for a purchase
d)
d. the customer says, “Call me when it’s in”
16.
16. Which of the following statements is false?
a)
a. with respect to stockouts, a delayed sale is virtually costless to a company because of the customer’s brand loyalty
b)
b. the higher the average cost for a stockout, the more inventory (safety stock) that should be held
c)
c. tradeoffs exist between carrying costs and stockout costs
d)
d. stockouts can be more costly than having too many items in stock
e)
e.all of the above are true
17.
17. Under conditions of certainty, a reorder point is equal to........ .
a)
a. average daily demand times the length of the replenishment cycle
b)
b. safety stock plus an EOQ
c)
c. base stock plus safety stock
d)
d. base stock minus safety stock
18.
18. The economic order quantity (EOQ) deals with calculating the proper order size with respect to........ costs and........costs.
a)
a. ordering; stockout
b)
b. stockout; carrying
c)
c. accounting; carrying
d)
d. carrying; ordering
19.
19. The economic order quantity (EOQ) determines........ .
a)
a. the point at which a company should reorder
b)
b. the point at which carrying costs equal ordering costs
c)
c. the point at which the sum of carrying costs and ordering costs is maximized
d)
d. the relevant inventory flow for a particular time period
e)
e. none of the above
20.
20. Which of the following is not an assumption associated with the basic economic order quantity (EOQ) model?
a)
a. no inventory in transit
b)
b. an infinite planning horizon
c)
c. stockouts are permitted
d)
d. a constant and known replenishment or lead time
e)
e. all are basic assumptions with the basic EOQ model
21.
21. Concerning the EOQ model, if demand or annual usage increases by 10%, then the EOQ will........ .
a)
a. it depends on the particular product
b)
b. increase
c)
c. decrease
d)
d. stay unchanged
22.
22. Concerning the EOQ model, if the ordering costs increase by 10% and the product value increases by 10%, then the EOQ will........ .
a)
a. stay unchanged
b)
b. increase
c)
c. decrease
d)
d. it depends on the particular product
23.
23. Inventory flow diagrams illustrate that safety stock can prevent two problem areas,........and........ .
a)
a. decreased rate of demand; longer-than-normal replenishment
b)
b. increased rate of demand; shorter-than-normal replenishment
c)
c. decreased rate of demand; shorter-than-normal replenishment
d)
d. increased rate of demand; longer-than-normal replenishment
24.
24.........recognizes that all inventories are not of equal value to a firm and thus all inventories should not be managed in the same way.
a)
a. vendor-managed inventory
b)
b. suboptimization
c)
c. marginal analysis
d)
d. ABC analysis of inventory
25.
25. ABC analysis of inventory.........
a)
a. applies activity-based costing to managing inventory
b)
b. recognizes that inventories are not of equal value to a firm
c)
c. is synonymous with vendor-managed inventory
d)
d. is an alternative to the EOQ model
26.
26. Dead inventory (dead stock) refers to a product for which there is no sales during a........month period.
a)
a. three
b)
b. six
c)
c. twelve
d)
d. twenty-four
27.
27. All of the following are suggestions for dealing with dead stock (inventory), except.........
a)
a. aggressive marketing
b)
b. donate to charities
c)
c. make to order
d)
d. throw it away
e)
e. all of the above are suggestions
28.
28. Inventory turnover can be calculated by.........
a)
a. dividing the cost of goods sold by average inventory
b)
b. dividing average inventory by the costs of goods sold
c)
c. multiplying average inventory by 1.5
d)
d. adding beginning and ending inventory and then dividing by two
e)
e. none of the above
29.
29.........items refer to those that are used or distributed together.
a)
a. me-too
b)
b. substitute
c)
c. co-branded
d)
d. complementary
30.
30.........products refer to those that customers view as being able to fill the same need or want as another product.
a)
a. copycat
b)
b. me-too
c)
c. substitute
d)
d. co-branded
31.
31. Which of the following is not an example of a lean inventory approach?
a)
a. just-in-time
b)
b. collaborative planning, forecasting, and replenishment
c)
c. efficient consumer response
d)
d. quick response
e)
e. all of the above are lean inventory approaches
32.
32. Which of the following statements about the lean approach and JIT is false?
a)
a. JIT tends to focus on product movement from manufacturer to retailer
b)
b. organizations should give careful consideration before adopting a lean philosophy
c)
c. the lean approach views inventory as waste
d)
d. trucking is an important mode of transportation in JIT systems
e)
e. all of the above are true
33.
33. Which of the following statements about service parts logistics is false?
a)
a. customer expectations for service parts logistics continues to increase
b)
b. some organizations outsource their service parts logistics to companies that specialize in this area
c)
c. service parts logistics creates a variety of potential challenges for logisticians
d)
d. the worldwide economic slowdown of 2008 and 2009 caused a decreased emphasis on service parts logistics
34.
34. Under........, the size and timing of replenishment orders are the responsibility of the manufacturer.
a)
a. quick response
b)
b. supply chain management
c)
c. vendor-managed inventory
d)
d. efficient consumer response
35.
35. Which of the following is not a potential benefit to vendor-managed inventory?
a)
a. reduced order errors
b)
b. improved demand forecasts
c)
c. reduced inventories
d)
d. fewer stockouts
e)
e. all are VMI benefits
36.
1. Inventories are stocks of goods and materials that are maintained for many purposes.
a)
(TRUE)
b)
(FALSE)
37.
2. Different organizational functions, such as marketing and production, tend to have similar inventory management objectives.
a)
(FALSE)
b)
(TRUE)
38.
3. Inventory carries its greatest costs after value has been added through manufacturing and processing.
a)
(TRUE)
b)
(FALSE)
39.
4. Buffer stock is also referred to as cycle stock.
a)
(FALSE)
b)
(TRUE)
40.
5. Safety stock refers to inventory that is held in addition to cycle stock to guard against uncertainty in demand and/or lead time.
a)
(TRUE)
b)
(FALSE)
41.
6. Pipeline stock is inventory that is en route between various fixed facilities in a logistics system.
a)
(TRUE)
b)
(FALSE)
42.
7. Psychic stock is associated with retail stores.
a)
(TRUE)
b)
(FALSE)
43.
8. Inventory tends to be one of the largest assets (in terms of dollar value) on a company’s balance sheet.
a)
(TRUE)
b)
(FALSE)
44.
9. As a general rule, companies prefer to carry less inventory as the carrying cost percentage decreases.
a)
(FALSE)
b)
(TRUE)
45.
10. The range of inventory carrying costs in the United States in the twenty-first century has been between 22 and 27 percent.
a)
(FALSE)
b)
(TRUE)
46.
11. Inventory shrinkage refers to the fact that products lose value through time.
a)
(FALSE)
b)
(TRUE)
47.
12. Obsolescence costs are one component of inventory carrying costs.
a)
(TRUE)
b)
(FALSE)
48.
13. The trade-off that exists between carrying costs and ordering costs is that they respond in opposite ways to the number of orders or size of orders.
a)
(TRUE)
b)
(FALSE)
49.
14. Not having enough items can be as bad as, and sometimes worse than, having too many items.
a)
(TRUE)
b)
(FALSE)
50.
15. The higher the average cost of a stockout, the more likely a company is going to want to hold some amount of inventory (safety stock) to protect against stockouts.
a)
(TRUE)
b)
(FALSE)
51.
16. A reorder point is equal to average daily demand divided by the length of the replenishment cycle.
a)
(FALSE)
b)
(TRUE)
52.
17. One requirement of a fixed order quantity system is that the inventory must be constantly monitored.
a)
(TRUE)
b)
(FALSE)
53.
18. A fixed order quantity system is more susceptible to stockouts than is a fixed order interval system.
a)
(FALSE)
b)
(TRUE)
54.
19. The EOQ is the point at which carrying costs equal ordering costs.
a)
(TRUE)
b)
(FALSE)
55.
20. One assumption of the basic EOQ model is a continuous, constant, and known rate of demand.
a)
(TRUE)
b)
(FALSE)
56.
21. The EOQ can only be calculated with respect to the number of units to be ordered.
a)
(FALSE)
b)
(TRUE)
57.
22. Inventory flow diagrams graphically depict the demand for, and replenishment of, inventory.
a)
(TRUE)
b)
(FALSE)
58.
23. Safety stock can prevent against two problem areas: An increased rate of demand and longer-than-normal replenishment.
a)
(TRUE)
b)
(FALSE)
59.
24. Marginal analysis recognizes that all inventories should not be managed in the same way.
a)
(FALSE)
b)
(TRUE)
60.
25. In terms of ABC analysis of inventory, no more than 25% of items should be classified as “A’s.”
a)
(FALSE)
b)
(TRUE)
61.
26. Dead stock (inventory) refers to product for which there is no sales during a 12-month period.
a)
(TRUE)
b)
(FALSE)
62.
27. One way of dealing with dead stock (inventory) is for companies to simply throw it away.
a)
(TRUE)
b)
(FALSE)
63.
28. The number of times that inventory is sold in one year is referred to as average inventory.
a)
(FALSE)
b)
(TRUE)
64.
29. Inventory turnover can be calculated by dividing costs of goods sold by average inventory.
a)
(TRUE)
b)
(FALSE)
65.
30. High inventory turnover indicates that a company is taking longer to sell its inventory.
a)
(FALSE)
b)
(TRUE)
66.
31. Complementary products can be defined as inventories that can be used or distributed together, such as razor blades and razors.
a)
(TRUE)
b)
(FALSE)
67.
32. Many grocery chains target in-stock rates of 90 percent for individual stores so that sufficient substitutes exist for a customer to purchase a substitute item rather than go to a competing store.
a)
(FALSE)
b)
(TRUE)
68.
33. Lean manufacturing focuses on the elimination of waste.
a)
(TRUE)
b)
(FALSE)
69.
34. Because of smaller, more frequent orders and closer supplier location, trucking tends to be an important mode of transportation in the just-in-time approach.
a)
(TRUE)
b)
(FALSE)
70.
35. Efficient consumer response (ECR) and collaborative planning, forecasting, and replenishment (CPFR) are examples of lean inventory approaches.
a)
(FALSE)
b)
(TRUE)
71.
36. A confluence of events, such as increasing global sourcing, suggests that organizations should carefully consider the potential trade-offs before adopting a lean inventory philosophy.
a)
(TRUE)
b)
(FALSE)
72.
37. Service parts logistics has decreased in importance in recent years.
a)
(FALSE)
b)
(TRUE)
73.
38. One logistical challenge with service parts logistics is that it can be extremely difficult to forecast the demand for the necessary parts.
a)
(TRUE)
b)
(FALSE)
74.
39. In vendor-managed inventory, the size and timing of replenishment orders are the responsibility of the manufacturer.
a)
(TRUE)
b)
(FALSE)
75.
40. Vendor-managed inventory can only be applied to consumer, and not industrial, products.
a)
(FALSE)
b)
(TRUE)
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