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Worksheets[SOCIOLING] Lesson 10 - Style, Context and Register
Total questions: 61
Worksheet time: 31mins
Name
Class
Date
1.
People tend to use more _____ to those they don't know well
a)
standard forms
b)
vernacular forms
2.
People tend to use more _____ to their friends
a)
standard forms
b)
vernacular forms
3.
Which utterance is from a kid to an adult?
a)
Excuse me. Could I have a look at your photos too, Mrs. Hall?
b)
C'mon Tony, gizzalook, gizzalook.
4.
Which utterance is from a kid to a kid?
a)
Excuse me. Could I have a look at your photos too, Mrs. Hall?
b)
C'mon Tony, gizzalook, gizzalook.
5.
Which factors are relevant to both the degree of social distance/solidarity and social status?
a)
Age, gender, social roles, whether people work together, or are part of the same family, and so on.
b)
Age, gender, social roles, whether people work, or are part of the same family, and so on.
c)
Age, gender, social status, whether people work together, or are part of the same family, and so on.
d)
Age, gender, social roles, whether people work together, or are part of different families, and so on.
6.
When talking to children, people usually use
a)
sing-song intonation
b)
baby-talk
c)
simpler vocabulary and grammar
d)
adult-talk
7.
Many speakers use features similar to speech to children when talking to:
a)
Adult
b)
Teenager
c)
Middle-aged
d)
Elderly
8.
"Use of we rather than you" is the feature of speech to whom?
a)
Children
b)
Adult
c)
Teenager
d)
Elderly
9.
What is audience design?
a)
When people talk to each other their speech often becomes more similar
b)
The influence of the addressee or audience on a speaker’s style
c)
When someone goes beyond their usual or normal ways of speaking and behaving and
engages in a ‘high’ or ‘strong’ performance of some sort
d)
The choice of appropriate form is influenced by the formality
of the context and their relative roles and statuses within that
setting.
10.
What is an evidence of audience design?
a)
Newreaders produce consitently different syles for each audience
b)
Women use less imperatives than men
11.
What is speech accomodation?
a)
When people talk to each other their speech often becomes more similar
b)
Each person’s speech converges towards the speech of the person they are talking to
12.
Speech accomodation tends to happen when:
a)
the speakers like one another
b)
one speaker has a vested interest in pleasing the other or putting them at ease
c)
considered as a polite speech strategy
13.
How do speakers accommodate?
a)
At a party when you respond to and develop a topic
introduced by your addressee
b)
When a complicated technical message is ‘translated’ for the
benefit of someone who does not know the jargon
c)
When people simplify their vocabulary and
grammar in talking to foreigners or children
d)
In multilingual countries, people may accommodate to
others by selecting the code or variety that is most
comfortable for their addressees
e)
In the market-place, people sometimes accommodate
to the language of the person selling goods in order to
secure goodwill and, hopefully, a good bargain
14.
When people simplify their vocabulary and
grammar in talking to foreigners or children, they are converging upward
a)
True
b)
False
15.
When, in an interview with the hospital matron, a nurse
adopts some of the matron’s pronunciation features, he or she is converging downwards
a)
True
b)
False
16.
Speech divergence happens when the respondents deliberately diverged from the speech style, and even the
language, of the person addressing them
a)
True
b)
False
17.
What are the examples of accent divergence?
a)
Working-class men’s increasing swearing &
vernacular forms when responding to universityeducated students
b)
People aspiring to a higher social status
c)
When, in an interview with the hospital matron, a nurse
adopts some of the matron’s pronunciation features
18.
Speech divergence DOES NOT always indicate a speaker’s
negative attitudes towards the addressees.
a)
True
b)
False
19.
Where the divergent forms are admired, divergence can
be used to benefit the __________.
a)
Respondents
b)
Addresse
c)
Diverger
d)
Diver
20.
"Speakers may also deliberately diverge both from their
own usual speech style and that of their addressee(s)
towards the style of a third party (reference group, may not
be present) for special effect." is the definition of
a)
Reference design
b)
Preference design
c)
Refer design
d)
Referee design
21.
What are the examples of referee design?
a)
Students imitate their teachers to amuse friends
b)
Adopt a prestige accent to impress somebody
c)
Television adverts include accent of other groups to
create humour or enhance attractiveness of products
d)
Singers draw on referee design when adopting features
of overseas singers’ styles…
e)
You respond to and develop a topic
introduced by your addressee
22.
(a) is when someone goes beyond their usual or normal ways of speaking and behaving and engages in a ‘high’ or ‘strong’ performance of some sort
23.
Speech of comedians and singers is considered an example of stylisation
a)
True
b)
False
24.
Stylisation can draw on any aspect of language, some of which are
a)
features of a particular regional accent,stigmatised vernacular grammatical features
b)
very formal grammar, very erudite vocabulary
c)
high pitch, a distinctive intonation pattern => Parody & pantomime
d)
very informal grammar, very erudite vocabulary
25.
_________ convergence can offend listeners => perceived
as patronising and ingratiating, as sycophantic, making fun of others
a)
Overdoing
b)
Underdoing
26.
If the _______ appear manipulative => less likely to feel ______ about convergence => reactions to speech convergence and divergence depend on the reasons people attribute for the convergence or divergence
a)
reasons, negative
b)
reasons, positive
c)
results, negative
d)
results, positive
27.
Divergence when it is perceived as unavoidable is less tolerant than when it is considered deliberate
a)
True
b)
False
28.
_________ divergence will be heard as uncooperative or
antagonistic.
a)
unintentional
b)
unavoidable
c)
deliberate
d)
negative
29.
The choice of appropriate form is influenced by
a)
the formality of the context
b)
their relative roles and statuses within that setting
c)
age and gender
30.
strategies that encourage people to shift towards a more vernacular style
a)
topic manipulation
b)
record small groups of people rather than individuals
c)
choose a very comfortable or informal setting
d)
use recorders instead of cameras
31.
"then me mate arrives" is....
a)
colloquial
b)
formal
32.
"there’s a cross-piece in them old-fashioned doors"
a)
colloquial
b)
formal
33.
People use colloquial style to to tease or express disapproval in
stylised performances.
a)
True
b)
False
34.
the use of animation for objects can't be found in colloquial conversations. E.g. The table has just arrived. She is beautiful.
a)
True
b)
False
35.
Features of social class and featuress of contextual style do interact.
a)
True
b)
False
36.
contextual style is the way people speak in different contexts
a)
True
b)
False
37.
A research in Norwich show that a low frequency of vernacular pronunciations may signal what?
a)
that the speaker belongs to a high social class
b)
they are speaking in a more formal context
c)
Both
d)
None of the above
38.
If a linguistic feature is found to occur frequently in the speech of people from lower social groups, it will often be frequent in......
a)
casual speech of those from lower social groups
b)
formal speech of those from lower social groups
c)
casual speech of those from higher social groups
d)
formal speech of those from higher social groups
39.
When you want to shift style, the way to vary your speech is….
a)
to not copy the speech of another person.
b)
to diverge the speech of another person.
c)
to understand the speech of another person.
d)
to imitate the speech of another person.
40.
To sound more casual, people should
a)
use features from a higher or more sophisticated social group
b)
adopt features of the speech of a lower social group
41.
hypercorrect is also called….
a)
hyper-standard
b)
over-standard
c)
super-standard
42.
hypercorrection happens when the lower class….
a)
go beyond the upper class norms
b)
Produce styles more correct than the standard
c)
use more stadard form than upper class
43.
Japanese has a special set of grammatical contrasts for expressing politeness and respect for others.
a)
True
b)
False
44.
Japanese speakers assess their status in relation to their addressees on the basis of
a)
family background
b)
gender and age
c)
formality of the context.
d)
All of the above
45.
In countries like Japan and Korea, better-educated people have ….
a)
Less complexitites of stylistic variation to use
b)
Fewer skills to select and use the various style
c)
Knowledge of the complexities of stylistic variation
d)
greater control of the various styles.
46.
In Iran, the choice between the vernacular and standard variants is influenced by the social context ……... of their social group membership.
a)
Dependently
b)
Independently
47.
In Javanese, both social group membership and social context influence a speaker’s linguistic choices.
a)
True
b)
False
48.
register is
a)
the language of groups of people with common interests or jobs
b)
the language used in situations associated with groups that have common interests or jobs
c)
the language of groups of people who don't have common interests or jobs
d)
the specific vocabulary associated with different occupational groups
49.
What are the examples for register?
a)
Journalese
b)
baby-talk
c)
race-callers and sports commentators
d)
australian
50.
‘play-by-play’ description is used in sports announcer talk.
a)
True
b)
False
51.
Play-by-play description is characterised by telegraphic grammar that involve features:…..
a)
None of the above
b)
syntactic reduction
c)
nouns tend to be heavily modified
d)
inversion of normal word order
52.
Syntactic reduction is when…
a)
no loss of meaning happen
b)
The referent is unambiguous
c)
omit the subject noun or pronoun
d)
None of the above
53.
Syntactic inversion is when…
a)
speakers provide time to identify the subject of the action
b)
loss of meaning happen
c)
allows the announcer to focus on the action
d)
Reversal or inversion of the normal word order
54.
Heavy noun modification is when
a)
Reversal or inversion of the normal word order
b)
omit the subject noun or pronoun
c)
the subject nouns are often heavily modifed both after the noun
55.
Routines and formulas is when…
a)
None of the above
b)
speakers want to reduce the memory burden on the speaker.
c)
Speakers use small number of fixed syntactic patterns and a narrow range of lexical items.
d)
information which must be simultaneously processed
56.
The specialised registers aren't initially developed from the desire for quick, efficient and precise communication between people who share experience and skills.
a)
True
b)
False
57.
some specialised registers may be very difficult for outsiders to penetrate.
a)
True
b)
False
58.
Tucker [is] taking a few stuttering steps down the wicket from the bowler’s end but Waugh [is] sending him back. [The words in brackets were not uttered.]
a)
Syntactic reduction
b)
Syntactic inversion
c)
Heavy noun modification
d)
Routines and formulas
59.
Pete goes to right field and back for it goes Jackson
a)
Heavy noun modification
b)
Routines and formulas
c)
Syntactic reduction
d)
Syntactic inversion
60.
David Winfield, the 25-million-dollar man, who is hitting zero, five, six in this World Series . . .
a)
Syntactic reduction
b)
Syntactic inversion
c)
Heavy noun modification
d)
Routines and formulas
61.
( horse’s name ) wide out on the outside ( horse’s name )
a)
Heavy noun modification
b)
Routines and formulas
c)
Syntactic reduction
d)
Syntactic inversion
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