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WorksheetsBiol 167
Total questions: 24
Worksheet time: 16mins
A male client with T1DM has a highly elevated glycosylated hemoglobin (Hb1ac) test result. This test indicates the _____________
Blood glucose with 12-hour fast
The I/G ratio is low
Blood glucose for the last three months
The insulin level for the past 12-hour past
A patient diagnosed with diabetes insipidus, lack what specific hormone?
Antidiuretic hormone
Thyroid stimulating hormone
Follicle stimulating hormone
Gonadotropic releasing hormone
A patient with T1DM asks the clinician if he can take an oral antidiabetic agent. But the clinician disagrees with the type of medication he preferred as this can only be effective if only if the patient ____________
Is pregnant and has type 2 diabetes
Take insulin orally
Has T2DM
Uncontrolled glucagon secretion
A symptom of a patient with possible Cushing’s syndrome include: _______
Hypotension
Deposits of adipose tissue in the trunk and neck area
Thick and course skin
Weight gain in arms and legs
Primary hyperaldosteronism indicates that there is excessive hormone secretion of from what specific gland?
Adrenal cortex
Adrenal medulla
Thyroid gland
Parathyroid
If the adrenal cortex were removed, this group of hormones will be most affected:
steroid
peptide
amino acid derived
trophic hormones
The adrenal gland's endocrine function can be best described by which of the following statements?
during stress, TSH stimulates the adrenal cortex and medulla to secrete epinephrine
during stress, ACTH stimulates the adrenal cortex, and neurons of the sympathetic nervous system stimulate the adrenal medulla
during flight and fight response, the anterior pituitary secretes CRH, while the posterior pituitary secretes vasopressin
during flight and fight response, the adrenal gland regulates blood calcium by releasing epinephrine and norepinephrine
This hormone is secreted by the adrenal gland in response to stress and promotes the synthesis of glucose from protein substrate.
glucagon
mineralocorticoids
glucocorticoids
gonadocorticoids
Which of the following is the correct regulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis?
cortisol → CRH → ACTH
cortisol → ACTH→ CRH
ACTH → CRH → cortisol
CRH → ACTH → cortisol
Calcitonin is secreted by ____________.
parathyroid gland
parafollicular cells
cuboidal cells
paracrine glands
During fasting, most available fuel molecules are broken down to provide energy for metabolism rather than being used for growth, this is hormonally regulated by ___________.
glucagon
insulin
cortisol
somatostatin
Fight or flight reactions include activation of
the parathyroid glands, leading to increased metabolic rate
the anterior pituitary gland, leading to cessation of gonadal function
the adrenal medulla, leading to increased secretion of epinephrine
the pancreas, leading to a reduction in the blood sugar concentration
Analysis of a blood sample from 24 hours of intermittent fasting (IF) would be expected to reveal high levels of
insulin
glucose
somatostatin
glucagon
When the beta cells of the pancreas release insulin into the blood,
the blood glucose levels rise to a set point and stimulate glucagon release
the skeletal muscles and the adipose cells take up glucose at a faster rate
the liver catabolizes glycogen
the alpha cells of the pancreas release glucose into the blood
The following choices refer to the physiologic roles of melatonin except ____________.
delay sleep-wake cycle
influence hormonal rhythms
regulate GnRH secretion
antioxidant
Identify which of the following choices correctly shows the biosynthetic pathway of pineal melatonin.
tryptophan → serotonin → melanocytes
L-tryptophan ↔ 5-hydroxytryptophan → serotonin ↔ N-acetylserotonin ↔ melatonin
L-tryptophan ↔ 5-hydroxytryptophan → serotonin → melatonin
L-tryptophan → 5-hydroxytryptophan → serotonin → melatonin
The human body's master clock is composed of thousands of neurons located in the _________.
suprachiasmatic nucleus
pineal gland
pituitary gland
Which of the following proteins is the primary source of bound T4 in the plasma?
albumin
immunoglobulins
antibody
thyroxine-binding globulin
Identify which of the following is the most common cause of Cushing's syndrome.
Adrenocortical adenoma
ACTH-producing pituitary adenoma
Ectopic ACTH secretion
Adrenocortico adenoma
A couple has been married for 5 years and has attempted to conceive a child for the last 12 months. Despite regular intercourse, they have not achieved pregnancy. They are both 32 years of age and have no medical problems. Neither partner is taking medications. Which of the following is the most likely cause of their infertility?
tubal ligation
endometriosis
ovulatory dysfunction
poor sperm sexual performance
A 35-year-old man is evaluated for infertility. He and his wife have been attempting to conceive a child for the past 2 years without success. He initially saw an infertility specialist but was referred to an endocrinologist after sperm analysis showed no sperm. He is otherwise healthy and only takes a multivitamin. On physical examination his vital signs are normal. He is tall and has small testes, gynecomastia (enlarge breast in men), and minimal facial and axillary hair. Chromosomal analysis confirms Klinefelter's syndrome (XXY). Which of the following statements is true?
increased plasma concentrations of estrogen are present
plasma concentrations of FSH and LH are decreased in this conditions
he is not at increased risk for breast tumors
androgen supplementation is not enough for his condition
Organification involved the following except
peroxidase
tyrosine residues
thyroglobulin
T3
Which of the following is true for T3
more potent than T4
formed by adding 2 molecules of DIT
bind permanently with thyroglobulin
upregulate TRH receptors
In male reproductive structure, inhibin is produced specifically in
Leydig cells
Sertoli cells
Prostate Gland
Pituitary Gland
