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US History Review - Chapters 11-13

Total questions: 85

Worksheet time: 47mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
What term refers to a time of rapid economic growth?
a)
Boom
b)
Bust 
c)
Ghost Town
d)
None of the above
2.
What type of mining consisted of using water at very high pressure against a hill or mountain to expose gold?
a)
placer 
b)
slucing
c)
hydraulic
3.
After what war was there an increase in beef prices?
a)
American Revolution
b)
Civil War
c)
World War I
d)
Cold War
4.
When was the first long drive?
a)
1849
b)
1858
c)
1866
d)
1890
5.
Which term means a Spanish-speaking neighborhood in a town or city?
a)
vaqueros
b)
lasso
c)
barrios
d)
haciendas
6.
What year do people rush to California for the gold rush?
a)
1849
b)
1858
c)
1866
d)
1862
7.

What effect did the use of barbed wire to fence off land on the open range have on cattle ranching?

a)

It harmed cattle, reducing the number that made it to market.

b)

It blocked cattle trails, making it difficult to get cattle to market.

c)

It prevented cattle from finding food, reducing the number of cattle that survived each year.

d)

It required too much effort to maintain, so ranchers abandoned their ranches.

8.

In the 1890s, some farmers tried to survive by mortgaging their land because

a)

a glut of wheat on the world market caused prices to drop.

b)

a series of floods destroyed several years of crops.

c)

prices for wheat dropped when demand for corn grew.

d)

they needed money to grow cotton instead of wheat.

9.

Which of the following was a hardship faced by settlers on the Great Plains?

a)

flooding

b)

plague

c)

too many trees

d)

prairie fires

10.

People using the phrase “Pikes Peak or Bust!” were

a)

cattle ranchers.

b)

dry farmers.

c)

gold miners.

d)

mountain climbers.

11.

The confrontation at Wounded Knee occurred because the chief’s followers

a)

continued hunting buffalo.

b)

left their reservation.

c)

performed a ritual.

d)

raided nearby farms.

12.

Before the Sand Creek Massacre, the Cheyenne had come to Fort Lyon to

a)

attack.

b)

defend their land.

c)

negotiate.

d)

surrender.

13.
The Homestead Act encouraged people to move West because it..
a)
established ranching towns for cattle drivers.
b)
offered free land to those willing to farm it.
c)
offered land to gold prospectors.
d)
promised protection from Native Americans.
14.
Native Americans living on the Great Plains relied on which of the following to meet many of their basic needs?
a)
Cotton
b)
Deer
c)
Buffalo
d)
Gold
15.
Colonel George Armstrong Custer is best known for his..
a)
support of the rights of Native Americans.
b)
disastrous loss in Battle of the Little Bighorn.
c)
defeat of the Sioux and Cheyenne in the Indian Wars.
d)
unsuccessful bid for the presidency.
16.
Settlers moving west did not think the Great Plains were fit for farming because..
a)
only the Spanish and DNative Americans had settled there.
b)
the area recieved little rainfall and had few trees.
c)
the region was home to many dangerous wild animals.
d)
most of the land was too far from existing towns.
17.
One of the primary purposes of the Dawes Act was to..
a)
turn Native Americans into farmers.
b)
rebuild the Native American nations.
c)
restore the tribal ownership of land.
d)
encourage the Native American population to increase.
18.
Land set aside for Native Americans to live on.
a)
farm cooperative
b)
sooner
c)
Chisholm Trail
d)
reservation
19.
When the mines ran out in Boom-towns and the people moved on it often created ____________
a)
Slow towns
b)
Small towns
c)
Ghost towns
d)
Mini towns
20.
___________ played a major role in the mining and cattle industry for transporting
a)
wagon trains
b)
railroads
c)
trucks
d)
tractors
21.
Most farmers on the Great Plains grew ___________ because it could endure the dry conditions
a)
corn
b)
barley
c)
wheat
d)
cotton
22.
Which of the following factors contributed to the demise of the open-range system and the need for cowboys?
a)
The use of sod for houses
b)
The invention of barbed wire
c)
The development of railroads
d)
The disappearance of big mining companies
23.
Grazing cattle on government property for free with no restrictions was called
a)
open season
b)
open range
c)
open opportunity
d)
open ranching
24.
What act divided up Indian reservations into plots of land to be given to the Indian families?
a)
Hayes Act
b)
Sherman Anti-Trust Act
c)
Bland-Allison Act
d)
Dawes Act
25.
Which was the last major battle between the U.S. Army and American Indians?
a)
Wounded Knee
b)
The Little Bighorn
c)
Bull Run
d)
Falling Timbers
26.
Settlers were able to claim 160 acres in the Great Plains as a result of the
a)
Homestead Act
b)
Civil Rights Act of 1866
c)
Dawes Act
d)
Wounded Knee Treaty
27.
What breakthrough in transportation allowed for the industrial growth of the late 1800s
a)

The steam ship

b)

The railroad

c)

The automobile

d)

Airplanes

28.
What positive effect did the transcontinental railroad have 
a)
The construction of tracks and freight cars used a large amount of natural resources
b)
It led to the creation of 4 standard time zones
c)
Good shipped across the US slowed down and workers could produce better products
d)
Riots started against the rail industry because they raised their prices
29.
How did railroads effect the economy?
a)
Construction of railroads created jobs
b)
Large railroads pioneered new ways of managing business
c)
Railroads opened every corner of the country to settlement and growth
d)
All of the above
30.
Pittsburgh benefited from the boom of what industry?
a)
Coal
b)
Iron
c)
Steel
d)
Rice
31.
Who is associated with the steel industry?
a)
Andrew Carnegie
b)
John D. Rockefeller
c)
Henry Ford
d)
Samuel Gompers
32.
A business that is owned by investors:
a)
Corporation
b)
Trust
c)
Subsidy
d)
Team
33.
Corporations sell ____________ or shares in the business to investors.  Investors then own a share of the business and make or lose profit accordingly.
a)
monopolies 
b)
subsidies
c)
reservations
d)
stocks
34.
What benefit do corporations (big companies) have over small businesses
a)
Their product are more expensive
b)
They could hire more workers
c)
They had higher operating costs
d)
Theycould produce goods more cheaply and efficiently
35.
Which of the following was a major strategy employed by Rockefeller to strengthen Standard oil?
a)
He built an oil refinery
b)
He tried to eliminate competition
c)
He cut prices
d)
All of the above
36.
Which of the following is NOT an effect of the rise of industry?
a)
Steel and oil became giant industries
b)
Factory workers faced hard conditions
c)
Monopolies and trusts dominate important industries
d)
Smaller business thrived
37.
A monopoly:
a)
Controls all or nearly all the business in an industry
b)
Sells its stock to public shareholders
c)
Sells consumer goods to the masses
d)
Utilizes natural resources to create consumable energy
38.
A group of corporations run by a single board of directors
a)
Vigilante
b)
Trust
c)
Corporation
39.
Who invented the telephone, which revolutionized both business and personal communication
a)
Alexander Graham Bell
b)
Edwin Drake
c)
George Pullman
d)
Thomas Alva Edison
40.
Which of the following was NOT a change in the life of factory workers after the 1880s?
a)
Workers skills were easily replaced
b)
Workers were forced to work for low wages
c)
Workers knew their bosses by name
d)
Workers were crowded with poor conditions
41.
Why did workers use strikes?
a)
To resist corporate monopolies
b)
To eliminate discrimination in the workplace
c)
To fight for fair, safe working conditions
d)
To take a vacation from the bleak conditions of factory work 
42.
Which is true for children who worked in factories?
a)
They labored in textile mills, factories and coal mines
b)
They worked for 12 hrs a day, 6 days a week
c)
The lack of education reduced their chance to build a better like as adults
d)
All of the above
43.
An individual that risks their own money to run a business
a)
Gross National Product
b)
Union Member
c)
Entrepeneur
d)
Robber Baron
44.

Which of the following most allowed manufacturers to build their factories away from rivers?

a)

railroads

b)

steel beams

c)

the telephone

d)

electricity

45.

What did industrial consolidation and trusts reduce during the late 1800s?

a)

monopolies

b)

competition

c)

interstate commerce

d)

corruption

46.

_______ perfected the incandescent light bulb, created an electrical power system, and organized power plants.

a)

Andrew Carnegie

b)

John D. Rockefeller

c)

Thomas Alva Edison

d)

Alexander Graham Bell

47.

______ developed a cheap and effective manufacturing process for making steel.

a)

Henry Bessemer

b)

Thomas Alva Edison

c)

John D. Rockefeller

d)

Alexander Graham Bell

48.

_________ created trusts and was criticized as a robber baron while serving as head of the Standard Oil Company.

a)

Andrew Carnegie

b)

John D. Rockefeller

c)

Henry Bessemer

d)

Thomas Alva Edison

49.

_________ was a Scottish immigrant who made a fortune in steel and donated most of his profits.

a)

Andrew Carnegie

b)

John D. Rockefeller

c)

Alexander Graham Bell

d)

George M. Pullman

50.

Vertical integration, a business strategy used by steel mogul Andrew Carnegie, involves

a)

merging with companies producing similar products.

b)

buying out raw material producers and distributors.

c)

using new methods to increase production.

d)

forming trusts.

51.

The use of standardized time and time zones was introduced in order to benefit

a)

factory owners whose workers had set schedules.

b)

railroad companies and train travelers.

c)

manufacturers who dealt in interstate trade.

d)

telephone and telegraph operators.

52.

The Sherman Antitrust Act

a)

encouraged the establishment of large-scale businesses.

b)

was used by labor unions to fight for workers’ rights.

c)

outlawed the formation of trusts that interfered with free trade.

d)

was supported by millionaire industrialists.

53.

In the late 1800s, collective bargaining was a technique used to

a)

restrict labor unions

b)

organize labor unions.

c)

win workers’ rights.

d)

expand industry.

54.

Andrew Carnegie gained control of a large percentage of the steel industry by doing all of the following except

a)

cutting the quality of his products.

b)

underselling his competitors.

c)

buying out his competitors.

d)

buying out his suppliers.

55.

The process which converts raw iron into steel-

a)

Bessemer process

b)

Molting

c)

combustion formation

d)

steel reversal

56.

What economic system gives private ownership the power to produce and invest as they see fit.

a)

democracy

b)

Capitalism

c)

socialism

d)

totaltarianism

57.

When one gives of their riches to help their community-

a)

tithe

b)

free trade

c)

generous

d)

Philanthropy

58.

Andrew Carnegie was considered a "titan" or "giant" of the ___________ industry.

a)

oil

b)

steel

c)

railroads

59.

Rockefeller's Standard Oil used what to combine his company with his competitors?

a)

corporate scheme

b)

bargaining strategies

c)

trust

60.
Companies who control all the different phases of the business to control profits & maximize efficiency use the method called
a)

Horizontal Integration

b)

Vertical Integration

c)

Big Business Model

d)

Maximum Profit Idea

61.
Companies who specialize in one area of business and  buy out competition use the method of organization called
a)

Horizontal Integration

b)

Vertical Integration

c)

Bug Business Model

d)

Maximum Profit Idea

62.

Where did most immigrants during the late 19th and early 20th century (Gilded Age) come from?

a)

East Asia

b)

Southern and Central Europe

c)

Mexico

d)

Middle East

63.

Most immigrants were skilled and well educated workers.

a)

TRUE

b)

FALSE

64.

Many immigrants flocked to the nation's cities because of:

a)

Shopping

b)

Entertainment

c)

Education

d)

Employment

65.

Henry Ford revolutionized the factory system with the invention of the

a)

assembly line

b)

production line

c)

speedy system

d)

firing workers that did nothing

66.

Andrew Carnegie was considered a "titan" or "giant" of the ___________ industry.

a)

oil

b)

steel

c)

railroads

67.

The illegal use of political influence for personal gain, a form of bribery, is called:

a)

Nativism

b)

Civil Service

c)

Graft

d)

Gentlemen's agreement

68.

The main goal of the Americanization movement was to:

a)

limit the number of immigrants entering the country

b)

assimilate people of various cultures into the dominant culture

c)

improve living conditions of the poor

d)

encourage people to move from rural areas to urban ones

69.

True or False:

Low levels of corruption in both the garment industry and city government generally ensured that no useful precautions were taken to prevent fires.

a)

True

b)

False

70.
Which of the following was a PULL factor for 19th century immigrants?
a)
War
b)
Poverty
c)
Job Opportunities
d)
Famine
71.

Identify “push” factors that brought people from around the world to the US

a)

Free Education, jobs and rights

b)

Famine, discrimination, no jobs , couldn't own land

c)

No diversity, bad leaders and bad schools

72.

What was the name of the island where most immigrants coming from Europe had to go through a medical inspection before they were let into the U.S.?

a)

Ellis Island

b)

Liberty Island

c)

New York Island

73.

What are Nativists?

a)

People from another country

b)

People who hate immigrants and want their country's culture to stay the same

c)

Native Americans

74.
Which best describes the living conditions of most immigrants?
a)
Most immigrants lived in rural areas with few other people around
b)
Most immigrants lived in cities in extremely crowded buildings
c)
Most immigrants lived in single-family homes
d)
Most immigrants lived in homeless shelters year-round
75.

What group of people were the first to be restricted from immigration into the US?

a)

Irish

b)

Chinese

c)

Germans

d)

Italians

76.

Why did most Chinese come to America?

a)

To work for less money and take jobs from Americans

b)

To search for gold and build railroads

c)

To protest against the unions

77.

Identify “pull” factors that brought immigrant groups to the U.S.

a)

Famine, lack of freedom and persecution.

b)

Children could work, the diversity of food they could buy, ghettos

c)

More Freedom, jobs, could own land, free education

78.
This machine separated the seed from cotton fibers.
a)
Spinning Mule
b)
Spinning Jenny
c)
Steam Engine
d)
Cotton Gin
79.
What is the movement from rural to urban areas called?
a)
Moving
b)
colonization
c)
inflation
d)
urbanization
80.
Where were most factories built before the steam engine was invented?
a)
in the mountains
b)
in the desert
c)
along rivers
d)
anywhere
81.
Why were railroads so important during this time?
a)
they moved goods more quickly and less expensively over greater distances
b)
they were fun to ride on to go visit family in other states
c)
people could ride on railroads to get to their jobs in another city
82.
Which region of the country had a lot of manufacturing?
a)
the north
b)
the south
c)
the west
d)
Alaska
83.

What was a common characteristic of the Pullman Strike, Haymarket Affair, and Homestead Strike?

a)

They were defeats for owners

b)

They were victories for unions

c)

They became violent

d)

They were victories for workers

84.
The sometimes unethical business practices of some industrialists led them to be given this nickname
a)
Captains of Industry
b)
Tycoons
c)
Fat Cats
d)
Robber Barons
85.

What are companies who dominate a specific industry (steel, oil, etc.) called?

a)

Monopolies

b)

Local Business

c)

Corporations

d)

Competitors

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