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Anatomy & Physiology Review - 1

Total questions: 35

Worksheet time: 12mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

The heart and blood vessels are the primary organs of the ________ system.

a)

lymphatic

b)

integumentary

c)

cardiovascular­­

d)

muscular­

2.

The net effect of the effector is to shut off the original ________, or reduce its intensity, during the negative feedback mechanism to restore homeostasis.

a)

response

b)

receptor

c)

stimulus

d)

control center

3.

When we imagine a person exhibiting anatomical position, the palms of the hands are assumed to be facing ________.

a)

to the side

b)

forward

c)

down

d)

behind

4.

Edna tore a ligament in the patellar region and anticipates having difficulty with her ________.

a)

wrist

b)

knee

c)

ankle

d)

elbow

5.

The diaphragm creates a ________ section between the thoracic and abdominal body cavities.

a)

transverse (cross)

b)

median

c)

midsagittal

d)

frontal (coronal)

6.

To perform heart surgery, an incision is made into the ________ cavity.

a)

abdominal

b)

pelvic

c)

thoracic

d)

cranial

7.

Which of the following levels of organization is inclusive of all others?

a)

chemical level

b)

tissue level

c)

organ level

d)

organ system level

8.

The spinal cavity is part of the ventral body cavity.

a)

True

b)

False

9.

The pleura and pericardium are examples of ________ membranes that cover organs in a body cavity closed to the exterior.

a)

mucous

b)

serous

c)

cutaneous

d)

synovial

10.

The sebaceous and sweat glands associated with the skin are classified as ________ glands because they release secretions to the skin's surface via ducts.

a)

exocrine

b)

endocrine

c)

serous

d)

mucous

11.

Which of the following is a skin cancer that accounts for 80% of all skin cancer cases and affects the cells of stratum basale?

a)

squamous cell carcinoma

b)

malignant melanoma

c)

basal cell carcinoma

d)

psoriasis

12.

Mothers who breast-feed their children will lose a percentage of calcium from their bones. Which hormone is responsible for raising blood calcium levels when they drop below homeostatic levels?

a)

calcitonin

b)

parathyroid hormone (PTH)

c)

insulin

d)

growth hormone

13.

What type of bone cell is primarily active when bone growth occurs?

a)

osteocyte

b)

erythrocyte

c)

chondrocyte

d)

osteoblast

14.

A bone fracture that results in the bone being broken into many fragments is a ________.

a)

compound fracture

b)

simple fracture

c)

comminuted fracture

d)

compression fracture

15.

What organelle wraps and surrounds the myofibril and stores calcium?

a)

cross bridge

b)

sarcomere

c)

sarcolemma

d)

sarcoplasmic reticulum

16.

The point of muscle attachment to an immovable or less movable bone is known as the ________.

a)

innervation

b)

action

c)

insertion

d)

origin

17.

Which facial muscle is considered the "smiling" muscle since it raises the corners of the mouth?

a)

orbicularis oris

b)

frontalis

c)

orbicularis oculi

d)

zygomaticus

18.

Which type of muscle tissue contracts most quickly upon stimulation?

a)

skeletal

b)

visceral

c)

cardiac

d)

smooth

19.

The thalamus, hypothalamus, and epithalamus collectively constitute the ________.

a)

cerebellum

b)

diencephalon interbrain

c)

brain stem

d)

cerebrum

20.

The part of the neuron that typically conducts nerve impulses away from the cell body is the ________.

a)

dendrite

b)

cell body

c)

synaptic cleft

d)

axon

21.

What brain dysfunction results when blood supply to a region (or regions) of the brain is blocked and vital brain tissue dies, as by a blood clot or a ruptured blood vessel?

a)

cerebrovascular accident (CVA), or stroke

b)

Parkinson's disease

c)

Huntington's disease

d)

multiple sclerosis

22.

What portion of the diencephalon acts as a relay station for sensory impulses traveling upward to the sensory cortex?

a)

pons

b)

pituitary gland

c)

thalamus

d)

hypothalamus

23.

Which layer of the eye contains photoreceptors known as rods and cones?

a)

choroid

b)

retina

c)

sclera

d)

cornea

24.

The vibration of sound waves causes the tympanic membrane, or eardrum, to move against an ossicle known as ________.

a)

malleus or hammer

b)

incus or anvil

c)

stapes or stirrup

d)

otolith

25.

What hearing disorder arises when there is damage or degeneration of receptor cells in the spiral organ of Corti, cochlear nerve, or neurons in the auditory cortex of the brain?

a)

Méniére's disease

b)

conduction deafness

c)

sensorineural deafness

d)

otosclerosis

26.

When Brock walked out of the dark movie theater into the bright, mid-day sun, he experienced ________.

a)

convergence

b)

the accommodation pupillary reflex

c)

the photopupillary reflex

d)

eyestrain

27.

Jake was struck in the head during a baseball game. Which of the following could impair the sense of hearing if damaged?

a)

cupula

b)

vestibule

c)

semicircular canals

d)

tympanic membrane (eardrum)

28.

Water-soluble hormones, such as proteins and peptide hormones, activate target cells using ________.

a)

direct gene activation

b)

the second-messenger system

c)

steroid hormone action

d)

diffusion

29.

Hormones of the hypothalamus stimulate the anterior pituitary gland to secrete its hormones. How would you classify this type of endocrine gland stimulation?

a)

hormonal

b)

humoral

c)

neural

d)

direct gene activation

30.

Mr. Lee says he felt scared to death when his neighbor's dog bit him. Which of the following did he NOT experience as a result of catecholamine release?

a)

increased alertness

b)

dilation of the small passageways of the lungs

c)

increased heart rate

d)

decreased blood pressure

31.

Some people purchase melatonin as an over-the-counter medication. For what specific purpose?

a)

growth of hair and nails

b)

calcium supplement

c)

increase metabolism

d)

sleep aid

32.

What part of a red blood cell binds and transports oxygen?

a)

albumin

b)

hemoglobin

c)

fibrinogen

d)

mitochondria

33.

Which type of leukocyte kills parasitic worms by deluging them with digestive enzymes?

a)

neutrophil

b)

monocyte

c)

lymphocyte

d)

eosinophil

34.

What is the final step of hemostasis in which the formation of a blood clot is accomplished?

a)

vascular spasms

b)

formation of a platelet plug

c)

coagulation

d)

erythropoiesis

35.

Which of the following is a blood clotting disorder?

a)

polycythemia

b)

hemophilia

c)

leukocytosis

d)

leukopenia