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WorksheetsINHERITANCE AND VARIATION AQA GCSE
Total questions: 70
Worksheet time: 1hrs 10mins
What causes variation?
Your environment
Your genes and your environment
Your genes
Your names
What is variation?
Racial diversity
The variation of females and males
Variation of personalities
The differences between the individuals in a species
Where are genes found?
In the mitochondria
In our bone marrow
Chromosomes, in the nucleus of a cell
In our brains
Where do offspring get their genes?
Half from their mom, half from their dad
From their mom
From their dad
From their brains
An example of a characteristic that is determined only by inheritance is
Height
Tattoos
Blood group
Intelligence
An example of variation determined by both environment and inheritance is
Eye colour
Weight
Height
Ear lobe shape
Differences between organisms are due to
Environment
Inheritance
Species
Offspring
It is passed on from parents to offspring.
characteristic
trait
inherited
evidence
What are some different traits between the individual puppies?
fur color
size
length of snout (nose)
all of the above
Which trait was passed from the mom to the puppy?
brown fur
ears that stick up
large size
non of the above
Traits that are passed along through generations of family members include which of these?
eye color
hair color
nose shape
all of the above
Passed on from parent to offspring means
variation
inherited
group
evidence
Differences among objects or organisms are
evidence
variations
parents
organisms
18. An example of an inherited trait could be ____.
long nails
curly hair
speaking English
a scar
Hippos and elephants are animals that eat plants. Both have flat teeth because...
they ate plants since they were young
live in the same place
travel to where there are plants
inherited this trait from their parents
What is selective breeding?
None of the below
When you breed two animals together because of their desirable traits to create an offspring with many desirable traits, u do this for many generations
When you breed together two different animals to create a hybrid animal and then sell it for lots of money.
All of the above
What are chromosomes?
Long strands of DNA that contain lots of genes.
Different versions of a gene.
The basic unit of heredity; controls a specific trait.
A characteristic passed from parent to offspring
The differences that occur from a mixture of genes
What are alleles?
Long strands of DNA that contain lots of genes.
Different versions of a gene.
The basic unit of heredity; controls a specific trait.
A characteristic passed from parent to offspring
The differences that occur from a mixture of genes
What is the definition of homozygous?
Only one type of allele is present in the genotype, eg. BB or bb.
Both dominant and recessive alleles are present in the genotype, eg. Bb.
The alleles that are present, written as letters eg. BB.
What the characteristic actually looks like eg. brown hair.
What is the definition of heterozygous?
Only one type of allele is present in the genotype, eg. BB or bb.
Both dominant and recessive alleles are present in the genotype, eg. Bb.
The alleles that are present, written as letters eg. BB.
What the characteristic actually looks like eg. brown hair.
What percent of offspring will have the recessive phenotype?
25
50
75
100
In dogs, the allele for black fur (B) is dominant over the allele for white fur (b). A breeder breeds a heterozygous dog with a recessive homozygous dog. If the female dog has a litter of 12 puppies, predict how many will have black fur.
12
3
6
4
In guinea pigs, the allele for short hair (H) is dominant and the allele for long hair (h) is recessive. When a dominant homozygous male and a heterozygous female are bred together, what is the predicted phenotypic ratio for the offspring?
1:1 short hair to long hair
All have short hair
1:3 short hair to long hair
1:3 long hair to short hair
In Mendel's pea plant experiments, what percentage of the offspring will have purple flowers when two purple heterozygous plants are bred together?
100%
75%
50%
25%
What would the genotype AA be termed as?
Heterozygous
Homozygous Dominant
Homozygous Recessive
What is the definition of a genotype?
An individuals alleles for a particular characteristic
An individuals physical appearance
The differences between members of the same species
Variation that can be measured
A woman with normal vision has a colourblind father. she marries a colourblind man. What proportion of their children will be colourblind?
25%
0%
50%
100%
When someone says that a daughter looks just like her mother, is it possible that the daughter is an exact copy of her mother?
No, because a daughter gets all of her alleles from her father.
Yes, because a daughter gets alleles from her mother.
No, because a daughter receives half of her genetic make up from her father.
Yes, because humans can practice asexual reproduction under certain circumstances.
Sexual reproduction
Different versions of a gene
The reproductive process involving two parents whose genetic material is combined to produce a new organism different from themselves
The reproductive process in which a single cell makes a copy of itself
A characteristic that is passed from parent to offspring
What will two homozygous-dominant parents (BB and BB) produce for offspring?
All offspring will be genotype BB.
All offspring will be genotype bb.
It is impossible to predict what the genotypes of the offspring will be.
All offspring will be genotype Bb.
WHO IS THE FATHER OF GENETICS?
ALFRED STURTEVANT
GREGOR JOHAN MENDEL
TSCHERMAK
T H MORGAN
The offspring of sexually-reproducing organisms have greater genetic variation than the offspring of asexually-reproducing organisms. Why is this so?
The offspring of asexual organisms get a copy of their one parent’s genes, not a combination from two parents.
If the offspring of asexual organisms are different from their parents, they do not survive.
Sexually-reproducing organisms develop over longer periods of time, allowing their genetic material to change.
The genetic material of sexually-reproducing organisms is much more complex than that of asexual organisms.
The genotype AA is...
homozygous
heterozygous
The genotype cc is...
homozygous
heterozygous
Chromosomes are only inherited from one parent. (Gametes)
True
False
If purple (P) flowers are dominant to white (p) flowers. What is the genotype of a flower that is homozygous recessive
?
PP
Pp
pp
If smooth (S) is dominant in seeds and wrinkled (s) is recessive. What is the genotype of a seed that is homozygous dominant?
SS
Ss
ss
Heterozygous is defined as...
Two of the same genes
Two different alleles for different characteristics
Two different alelles for the same gene
Alleles.that code for a characteristic
A Punnett square showing the cross between two pea plants is shown. In pea plants, the smooth coat allele (R) is dominant over the wrinkled coat allele (r).
(See Attached Diagram)
One part of the Punnett square is filled in, but the remainder is blank. Which of the following best describes the correct method for filling in the remainder of the squares? (Rr = top right, rR = bottom left)
in a breed of cat, long tails are dominant over short tail. If 2 heterozygous long tail cats have offspring, what will be the phenotype ratio of their offspring?
all short
3 long : 1 short
1 long : 3 short
1 long : 3 short
in a corn, purple fruit is dominant over yellow. if 2 purple corns produce some offsprings with yellow color, predict the following genotype of the parent corn plants is true!
PP x PP
Pp x pp
PP x pp
Pp x Pp
The gametes of a plant of genotype SsYy should have the genotypes ...
Ss and Yy
SY and sy
SY, Sy, sY, and sy
Ss, Yy, SY and sy
The pedigree chart below shows the inheritance of the genetic condition Huntington's. Individuals affected by the condition are represented by blue shapes. All other individuals are unaffected. The allele (H) that causes the condition is dominant to the allele that leaves an individual unaffected. What are the genotypes of individuals 3 and 4?
HH and HH
HH and Hh
Hh and Hh
The pedigree chart below shows the inheritance of the genetic disease Huntington's. Individuals affected by the condition are represented by shaded in shapes. All other individuals are unaffected. The allele (H) that causes the condition is dominant to the allele that leaves an individual unaffected. The genotype of individual 2 is Hh. What is the expected ratio of phenotypes in the offspring of individuals 1 and 2?
All affected
3 affected: 1 unaffected
1 affected: 1 unaffected
In a monohybrid cross what symbol is used to illustrate the first generation of offspring?
P
F1
F2
If B = brown hair and b = blonde hair, what phenotype will a person with genotype Bb have?
Brown hair
Blonde hair
If two heterozygous individuals had a child, what are the chances of the child also being heterozygous?
0%
25%
50%
100%
If a heterozygous and a homozygous recessive individual had a child, what are the chances of the child being homozygous recessive?
0%
25%
50%
100%
If a heterozygous and a homozygous recessive individual had a child, what are the chances of the child being homozygous dominant?
0%
25%
50%
100%
A rose species has color which is determined by alleles R and r. A genotype of RR will give rise to red coloration, while rr gives rise to white coloration. Which of the statements is false?
The alleles R and r are different forms of a gene.
A gene is made up of proteins.
A gene consists of a DNA sequence.
The heterozygous genotype will have a phenotype of red.
Somatic cells have 46 chromosomes. A boy's somatic cells would have ______
46 identical chromosomes of identical length.
46 chromosomes of varying length.
22 pairs of different chromosomes, but each pair is of the same length; one X and one Y chromosome.
22 pairs of different chromosomes, but each pair is of the same length; and two X chromosomes.
A dominant trait expresses itself
only in homozygous genotypes
only in heterozygous genotypes
both in homozygous and heterozygous genotypes
A recessive trait expresses itself
only in homozygous genotypes
only in heterozygous genotypes
in both homozygous and heterozygous genotypes
