WorksheetsKT 2.2 (1)
Total questions: 87
Worksheet time: 2hrs 11mins
What's the most profound muscle in the abdomen?
m. quadratus lumborum
m. transversus abdominus
m. obliquus internus
m. rectus abdominus
What stretch of connective tissue runs the length of the rectus abdominis?
Lineum hibernum
Linea alba
Ligamentum flavum
rectus abdominis tendon
Which doesn't form a border of Hesselbach's triangle?
Rectus abdominis
Inguinal ligament
Epigastic vessels
m. sartorius
Which muscle runs through the lacuna musculorum?
m. sartorius
m. gracilis
m. iliopsoas
m. gluteus medius
Which muscles form the Sharpey fibres?
External oblique and contralateral adductor longus
Rectus femoris and iliopsoas
Iliopsoas and rectus abdominis
Rectus abdominis and adductor longus
What nerve runs through the cubital tunnel?
Sciatic nerve
Femoral nerve
Ulnar nerve
Median nerve
Which muscles in the abdomen contract before movement in feedforward mechanism?
Transversus abdominis
Obliquus internus
Diaphragm
Multifidus
Which muscles insert on the linea aspera?
Vastus medialis and lateralis
Both heads of gastrocnemius
Supraspinatus and deltoids
Pectoralis major and minor
What's the common origin of the hamstrings?
The ischial tuberosity
The sacrum
The femoral tuberosity
The ilium
What is the name of the common insertion point on the medial knee?
Columba pollicem
Pes anserinus
Collum anatis
Porci aurem
Which collateral ligament has a connection with the meniscus?
Medial collateral ligament
Lateral collateral ligament
What can a longitudinal meniscal tear progress to?
(a)
What's the name of the fat pad between the patella ligament and the anterior intercondylar area of the tibia?
Kager's fat pad
Hoffa's fat pad
Genu fat pad
Gluteal fat pad
What's the more common term for pes planus?
Flat foot
Plantar fasciitis
Twisted ankle
Webbed feet
Which vertebra has no vertebral body?
C6
C2
C1
C0
On which vertebra is the dens located?
C1
C2
S1
S5
Which ligament connects the dens to the occiput?
Nuchal ligament
Ligamentum flavum
Annular ligament
Alar ligament
In which type of trauma is permanent cervical quadriplegia most likely to happen?
Direct trauma to the cranium from ventral to dorsal
Axial load
Axial load with 30 flexion
Axial load with full flexion
What does the modified sharp purser test screen for?
Instability of the atlas transverse ligament
Tear of the alar ligament
Fracture of the dens
Damage within the spinal canal
What is responsible for primary elbow stability?
The wrist extensors and bones
The joint capsule and wrist extensors
The joint capsule and bones
The lateral and medial collateral ligaments and the bones
Which structures form the neural arch in the spine?
The vertebral body and transverse process
The pedicle and laminae
The vertebral foramen and spinous process
The vertebral foramen and pedicle
Which part of the intervertebral disc is made from lamellae?
Annulus fibrosis
Vertebral endplate
Nucleus pulposus
Vertebral foramen
Where would you find a meniscoid?
In the pelvis
In the facet joints of the spine
In the knee
In the acromioclavicular joint
Which ligament prevents hyperflexion of the spine?
Fascia thoracolumbaris
Ligamentum flavum
Posterior longitudinal ligament
Anterior longitudinal ligament
Which is the larger meniscus?
Medial
Lateral
What is the possible progression of a horizontal meniscal tear?
Flap tear
Bucket handle tear
Radial tear
Parrot beak tear
What is pronator teres syndrome?
Muscular imbalance of pronator and supinator muscles
Fracture of the olecranon
Chronic tear of m. pronator teres
Entrapment of the median nerve
What's the relation between the hypothalamus and the pituitary gland?
The hypothalamus measures the level of hormones in the blood and informs the pituitary
There's no relation
The hypothalamus controls the pituitary gland
They both perform the same function, the hypothalamus creates larger amounts
What's another name for the lobes of the pituitary gland?
Frontal: adenohypophysis
Posterior: neurohypophysis
Frontal: neurohypophysis
Posterior: adenohypophysis
Frontal: contrasyreni
Posterior: ipsisyreni
Frontal:
ipsisyreni Posterior: contrasyreni
Which type of hormones are made from cholesterol?
Insulin like hormones
Peptide hormones
Amine hormones
Steroids
Which types of hormones aren't water soluble?
Amine hormones
Steroids
Gonadotropic hormones
Thyroid hormones
What's the primary supply of energy?
Intramuscular supply of ATP
Muscle glycerol
Liver glycerol
Supply of carbohydrates
How long can you run on your ATP store?
90 seconds
1.5 seconds
2 minutes
6 seconds
What system uses creatine phosphate?
The phosphogen energy system
The oxidative system
The lactate system
What happens to lactate during exercise at low intensity?
It gets flushed out of the body
It forms a barrier to prevent raising the intensity
It gets oxidated by surrounding tissues
It gathers until exercise ends
What's the function of insulin?
Promoting fuel storage in a fed state
Mobilising fuel in a fasted state
Moving energy to muscles
Moving energy from muscles
Which hormone has the opposite effect to insulin?
Noradrenaline
Adrenaline
Cortisol
Glucagon
What's the effect of adrenaline/noradrenaline?
Mobilising fuel during exercise
Mobilising fuel during a stressed state
Moving fuels directly to muscles
Promoting fuel storage
What's the training effect of creatine?
It improves recovery
It increases training capacity
It promotes muscle growth
It has no effect on training
How does caffeine enhance performance?
It encourages fat oxidation
It prevents fatigue
It slows glycogen depletion
It decreases time from muscle excitation to contraction
In the Tanner classification which stage is the start of puberty?
1
2
3
5
What type of hormones inititate puberty?
Gonadotropic hormones
Adrenocorticotropic hormone
Luteinizing hormone
Prolactin
Energy availability, bone density and menstrual regularity are all part of what?
The female athlete triad
The terrible triad
The unhappy triad
The female energy triad
When the nervous system declines in age what are the effects?
A decrease in conduction velocity
A decrease in the number of axons
A decrease in synaptic connections
A increased synaptic cleft
Where in the body is strength lost fastest with age?
In the upper body
In the lower body
In the trunk
It's lost equally everywhere
Which muscle fibre type deteriorates fastest with age?
Type 1
Type 2
No difference
What's the proven effect of training strength and hypertrophy in the elderly?
50% decrease in falls
Increase in independence
Better mental health
30% increase in ADL activites
Which ISN'T a rule for training with the elderly?
Progress slower
More variability
Functional exercises
Lower the repetitions needed
What's the effect of sports tape on perception of pain?
Heightens awareness of pain
Reduces pain perception
No effect on pain
Reduces pain in the short term, increases long term sensitivity
Which systems does effleurage have an effect on?
Parasympathetic system
Lymphatic system
Musculoskeletal system
Respiratory system
What type of massage is cupping used for?
Swedish massage
Sports massage
Connective tissue massage
Relaxing massage
Which biochemical is released in massage to increase relaxation?
Mast cells
Histamines
Neurotransmitters
Noradrenaline
What enzyme is released during intermittent movement?
Aromatase
Dehydrogenase
Vasopressin
Collagenase
Which is worse for cartilage? Underloading or Overloading?
Underloading
Overloading
When would you advise a patient with cartilage problems to swim?
Always
When they have an above normal BMI
When they have inflammation problems
When it's a problem other than the knee
What's the benefit of relative rest rather than just rest for athletes?
They would lose athletic ability with rest
They are tougher than most people and can work through pain
They are more likely to stick to the recovery plan
You shouldn't use relative rest, only full rest
How long does training have to be to count as aerobic?
30 minutes
40 minutes
20 minutes
5 minutes
What stimulus needs to be achieved to train strength?
Protein breakdown
Maximum effort
Heaviest weight possible
Muscle failure
What valve is between the right atrium and ventricle?
Tricuspid valve
Bicuspid valve
Mitral valve
Semilunar valve
What's the name of the valve between left atrium and ventricle?
Mitral
Semilunar
Bicuspid
Tricuspid
What's the function of the chordae tendineae?
Holding valves in place
Maintaining the shape of the heart chambers
Maintaining pressure in the heart
Preventing the heart from collapsing during contraction
In the early graft healing phase of the ACL what is the weakest point?
The insertions
The midpoint
The entire graft is weak
It varies
Why is the reconstructed ACL thicker than the original?
Most people will slightly damage it during recovery
To make proprioception easier
Because the rest of the knee will be weaker
To allow for necrosis
Which substances improve visual memory?
Adrenaline
Dopamine
Noradrenaline
Cortisol
Is the regulation of blood glucose levels a positive or negative feedback loop?
Positive
Negative
What is acromegaly?
Increased levels of growth hormone causing enlarged hands and feet
Naturally high insulin production causing hypoglycemia
Decreased ability to produce adrenaline
Chronically elevated cortisol levels damaging the immune response
What's the effect of erythropoietin (EPO)?
Increased red blood cell production
Improved lung capacity
Increased ATP availability
How can proteoglycans be stimulated?
With rest
With compression/loading
With physical touch
With impact
How does eccentric training affect collagen?
From type 1 -> type 2
From type 1 -> type 3
From type 3 -> type 1
From type 2 -> type 3
Which by-product of exercise was found to be the most effective at improving motor memory?
Sweat
Lactate
CO2
Water
When can you heal by primary intention?
When the wound edges are touching
When the trauma is only one skin layer deep
When the wound is clean/not infected
When the wound doesn't cross a joint
Which of these can cause fatigue?
Levels of calcium release
Blood acidity
Levels of lactate
Ammonia accumulation
What time post op is the acl at its weakest?
6-8 weeks
Immediately post op
The first week
Up until one month later
What are primary bacterial infections caused by?
Infection from a wound
Flora already inside you
Infection as a result of diet
A change in internal state
What is erysipelas?
An infection caused by staphylococcus
A side effect of encephalitis
A harmless infection caused by clostridioides difficile
Another name for a stomach ulcer
Tinea pedis is also known as...
Flat foot
Ear worms
Athlete's foot
Stomach ulcers
What's the recovery time for a child's broken bone?
1 month
6 weeks
2 months
Several months
Bone, skin and soft tissue infections can be treated with what?
Amoxicillin
Streptomycin
azithromycin
benzathine penicillin G
What does the EMV score test?
Consciousness
Head trauma
Concussion
Ability to play sport
What is otorrhea?
The production of mucus to fight infection
When the eye tears up to expel something on the eyeball surface
The leaking of cerebrospinal fluid out of the ears
The expulsion of mucus via the mouth
Why would you administer blood products and/or oxygen post head trauma?
To protect the remaining brain matter
To stop the patient bleeding out
To encourage tissue healing
To protect the patient's heart
Which disorder commonly gets peripheral neuropathy?
Asthma
COPD
Diabetes
Rheumatoid arthritis
What is the Miasmatic theory?
The idea that diseases came from bad smells
The first name for germ theory
The idea that bacteria evolve to continually beat our immune system
The theory that some bacteria are becoming antibiotic resistant
Which of these isn't in the ABCDE of head trauma?
Airways
Breathing
Concussion
Disability
Exposure
What's the acronym used for diagnosing Parkinson's patients?
TRAP
CRATE
BEDS
SHOE
What is Colle's fracture?
The distal radius snaps off
The first rib becomes dislocated
A longitudinal fracture of the patella
When the clavicle breaks closer to the sternum than the humerus
What's the most dangerous type of arrhythmia?
Atrial fibrillation
Ventricular fibrillation
Tachycardia
Bradycardia
