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WorksheetsEQ3 Regeneration
Total questions: 23
Worksheet time: 16mins
What is a cost benefit analysis?
Those involved in an issue, proposal, or project. Sometimes also called stakeholders.
A process by which the financial, social and environmental costs are weighed up against the benefits of a proposal.
A downward spiral or cycle, where economic conditions produce less spending and less incentive for businesses to invest (therefore reducing opportunities)
A flow of people back into cities to live (reversing decades of population decline)
What is fracking?
An improvement in transport links which generates higher company profits and jobs from which the government can receive taxes.
Franchise fees from train companies
The process of drilling down into horizontal alyers of shale deep underground and then injecting a mixture of water, sand and chemicals at high pressure to release the gas trapped in the rock.
How the media portrays regeneration, which illustrates conflicting opinions.
Why build HS2?
Rail travel offers an alternative to driving a car and allows people to work on laptops while they travel.
Some rail routes are already close to capacity and rail passenger traffic is at its highest level ever.
It aleviates road congestion, which costs the UK £22 billion per year.
Because it will help the economic core of the South to have more rail links available as there are so few at the moment.
Why do governments get involved in regeneration projects like HS2?
Because governments want to show off to the electorate all they have achieved before an election.
Because it helps with creating low cost housing, which is a national issue.
Some projects are just too expensive for private companies to invest in (eg HS2's estimated cost was £50 billion in 2015)
Governments see investment in infrastructure projects as positive because they get franchise fees and tax revenue when projects are completed.
Who does not gain from the HS2 route?
The people of Birmingham near the Curzon Street station.
The people of London near London Euston.
The people in communities between the lines (as there will not be any intermediate stations)
The people who are given construction jobs during the 2 phases.
What are the benefits of HS2?
The rail companies will make ever greater profits as they can increase ticket costs whenever they like.
The destruction of parts of the Chilterns AONB.
The creation of 60,000 construction jobs.
Improved journey times between major cities.
Why is housing an issue today in the UK?
Immigration and birth rates
Investors buying up housing in cities like London and leaving them unoccupied
Increasing wealth and increasing single parent households
Decrease in demand for houses.
How many houses do we need to build each year to keep up with increasing demand and fill in the backlog?
(a)
Why do we also need more affordable housing than ever before?
since the 1980s, a lot of social rented housing stock has been lost through the Right to Buy Scheme
since the 1970s, a lot of people make more money than before so social housing just isn't being built
since the 1990s, the banking sector has reduced the range of mortgages available so people just can't afford to buy property privately.
Why is the UK government currently for fracking?
Fracking causes earthquakes and the UK government want to utilise this for security reasons.
Fracking could help with the UK's home produced natural gas, leading to potential lowering of prices for UK consumers.
Fracking could make the UK more energy secure and less dependent on countries, like Russia, to meet our energy demands.
Fracking causes contamination of water supplies, but the UK government doesn't care.
Who are against fracking in the UK?
The oil and gas companies who conduct the test drilling.
Local opposition occurs in every location where test drilling to find shale gas occurs.
The public in the UK are more opposed to shale gas than any other energy source.
MPs who are set to gain from the jobs created in their constituencies.
What changes did deregulation bring to the UK?
Barriers stopping overseas banks and other financial institutions from setting up in the UK was removed.
The London Stock Exchange no longer had a monopoly on trading - anyone can trade in shares now.
More regulation from the government increased the stability of the markets.
Canary Wharf went back to being focused on taking cargo from ships.
How did deregulation transform the UK's economy?
It shrunk the economy and caused a large number of businesses to go bankrupt.
Banking, finance and business services now account for 30% of the UK's GDP.
What benefits did we have as well when we were part of the EU?
The UK's membership allowed people seeking work from other member countries to enter the UK (an vice versa).
The free movement of people helped to balance the UK's ageing population through increased taxation revenue.
Migration from the EU led to wages declining and pressurised key services such as education and healthcare.
Migration from the EU led to house prices increasing.
What is the post-production countryside?
When rural areas are more productive than they were before.
When rural areas are less productive than they were before.
When urban areas are less productive than they were before.
When urban areas are more productive than they were before.
Which of the following are examples of rebranding strategies for rural areas?
farm diversification and 'foodie' restaurants (a type of destination tourism)
spectacular gardens and outdoor pursuits
residential developments in brownfield sites
the creation of media headquarters
What are the reasons for rural decline in places like Cornwall?
Fewer-larger-quarries now use technology rather than people to extract china clay.
EU quotas allocated some Cornish fish stocks to fishing vessels from other European countries.
Falling revenues from farms as supermarkets seek to pay their suppliers the lowest possible price.
Old factories and warehouses are now disused as the global shift means manufacturing takes place abroad.
What is destination tourism?
When the shipbuilding industry declined, so did any other related industry, which collapsed local economies.
The decision to visit an area for a short period, based on a single attraction (e.g. a wish to visit a particular restaurant or attraction).
Why does Cornwall have a big economic problem?
It is remote from the rest of the UK and therefore is not ideal for operating national or international businesses.
It is far from the UK's core economic area of London, the Midlands and the north.
It's primary economy has declined, its quaternary sector is too small, and its tertiary sector is seasonal.
It's shipbuilding sector went into decline in the 1960s and the domino effect decimated the job market.
What are enterprise zones?
They are areas where taxes are higher and planning is difficult to obtain.
They are areas where there is a planning-free environment (no planning permission needed)
Within the zones council business tax discounts can be as high as 100% for very business for up to five years.
Areas that attract particular types of aid (from Regional Aid).
What do we mean by diversifying an economy?
To broaden the range of economic activities available in a region or area.
It means to become dependent on one sector of the economy.
It can help an area to remove its dependence on one sector of the economy (such as tourism).
To reduce the range of economic activies available in a region or area.
What types of strategies are often used to regenerate urban areas?
Arts and culture
Sport and tourism
Residential development and Media headquarters
Farm diversification
What did Stratford do to turn their past into an advantage?
Regernerated old industrial buildings and the canal (the River Lea) to increase tourism.
Involved in the bid to host the 2012 Olympic and Paralympic games.
Reimaged to help increase gentrification.
