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WorksheetsStudy Guide Pt. 1
Total questions: 50
Worksheet time: 17mins
Karl Marx transformed the meaning of (a) to mean "A style of thinking which is intended to benefit a particular class."
What does an Ideology provide?
A description of the existing political order
A means, if necessary, to transform the former into the latter
A vision of what the ideal political order ought to look like
None of the stated
A cohesive set of ideas and beliefs used to organize and evaluate the political world...
Ideas
Ideology
Modern World Ideology
Political ideology
Liberalism
The most dominant of all traditional ideologies
Liberalism views the individual as prior to society
The notion that a person is able to determine their own best interest
Individuals have rights against the state and society
None of the stated
Many crimes have been committed in the name of...
Communism
Nationalism
Fascism
Liberalism
Populism
Ideologies are often action oriented
True
False
Which philosophers from the past were liberals?
Locke
Machiavelli
Rawls
Mill
Bentham
The state should not interfere in social or economic activities beyond the basic minimum.
Liberty
New liberalism
Classical aka Laissez-faire liberalism
Libertarianism
The state should intervene to ensure that all individuals enjoy at least some degree of freedom
Socialism
New Liberalism
Classical Liberalism
Socialism
A class struggle between the bourgeoisie and the proletariat
The ways in which a harmonious society can be achieved
Believe that human fulfilment can only be attained in a cooperative context
Once classes are abolished so too is the need for politics
Karl Marx was a German-British socialist who wrote the Communist Manifesto
True
True, with the help of Fredrich Engels
False
False, it was Fredrich Engels who wrote it
For Marx, the fact that politics is essentially concerned with class conflict so that once classes are abolished so too is the need for
Jobs
Capitalism
Politics
Institutions
Socialism, like liberalism, can be associated with the _______;
While liberals welcomed industrial capitalism, socialists regarded its effects as ________;
While liberals think that individuals are naturally competitive, socialists believe that human fulfillment can only be attained in a __________:
Industrial Revolution;
Dehumanizing;
Group-like Context
Industrial Revolution;
Dehumanizing;
Selfless Context
Industrial Revolution;
Dehumanizing;
Cooperative Context
What are some socialist disputes on how to bring what they want to the world?
A socialist society can be achieved by peaceful, democratic means (evolutionary model).
The dominant class will never relinquish power without a violent revolutionary struggle.
Capitalism should be replaced by a system of state ownership of the means of production.
A proletarian revolution the state will gradually ‘wither away’, since all property will have been abolished and productive enterprises will be organized by self-governing communities.
Key socialist ideas
Goods should be distributed on the basis of need
Individuals can achieve more through cooperation than through competition
There should be no economic inequalities
Individual character is shaped by social circumstances
All of the above
Critical Theory explains that...
There is a hegemonic (dominant) culture that imposes its structure on society.
This concentration of power produces and reproduces cultural inequalities
People began to assert the right to organize their own societies
Humans are selfish, corrupt, and not perfectible
Critical Theory disciplines emerge
Post-colonial studies
Critical race theory
Feminism
Postmodernism
None of the above
Edmund Burke was the key thinker of Conservatism which...
Criticized the liberal emphasis on individual rationality
Opposed the liberal ideas of the French Revolution
Supported American Revolution, the independence of British members of Parliament, and advocated for India to take more of a role in its own affairs.
Took a far less optimistic view of human nature: humans are selfish, corrupt, and not perfectible.
Key ideas of conservatism
An aversion to ‘rational’ projects of political change.
A preference for an ‘organic’ society, in which everyone knows their place.
A belief that individuals are perfectible.
Preference for social hierarchy.
People began to assert the right to organize their own societies; it spread beyond Europe after the First and especially the Second World War; Not necessarily an ideology.
European phenomenon
Nationalism
Imagined communities
Populism
Embraces all people who are loyal to the state, regardless of their origins
Civic Nationalism
Ethnic Nationalism
Refers to a shared inheritance based on culture, language, religion, etc. Is exclusive.
Civic Nationalism
Ethnic Nationalism
Fascism
It does not go to a totalitarian state
It allows cooperation in favor of eternal struggle
Relates to a specific historical period
An extreme form of nationalism
It accepts reason in favor of action, instinct, and emotion
Populism
Of the people
It is against the elites
Populist movements have little in common
All of the above
Regular patterns of behavior that provide stability and predictability to social life
Game Institutions
Institutions
Political Institutions
Structural Institutions
Institutions...
Can be seen as both resources and constraints.
Structure the behavior of individuals, but assist those who can navigate their way through them.
Are formal (courts and bureaucracies)
Are informal (families, classes, kinship groups)
"The rules of the game" are defined by...
Political Scientists
Political Institutions
Political Behavior
Formal Institutions
Structuration Theory
An individual’s autonomy is influenced by structure
Human behavior is mostly shaped by structures
Structures are developed and maintained through human agency
Human behavior is mostly the result of the agency
A named community often referred to as a “people” usually occupying a homeland and sharing one or more cultural elements
State
Nation
A government of a politically sovereign territory
State
Nation
A state which contains many different nationalities within it over a vast territory; can become a State again.
Institution
Nation
Empire
State
Pre-Modern States
War was paid through taxes and wages
Enforcing laws was added
Feudal barons would not enrich themselves through warfare
The personality of the state was the personality of the ruler
Modern States
The distinctions drawn between the private individual and the community
Typically claim the sole right to formulate laws and enforce them
The state can be understood in terms of specific office-holders
The European State; Merit being the key to advancement within it.
War has played a major role in increasing the role of Democracy
War has played a major role in increasing the role of the state
The Consequences of Colonialism
The model has been spread throughout the country by imperial conquest
The model has been spread beyond that continent by imperial conquest
The model has been spread throughout that continent by imperial conquest
The model has been spread beyond the cities by imperial conquest
Separation of powers is an example of...
The Consequences of Colonialism
The Liberal Democratic State
Legitimacy
Strong State
Provide security for its citizens
The recognized right to rule
Enforce predictable and easily understood ways of administering justice and adjudicating disputes
Weak States
Strong States
The governments are unable to provide security for their citizens, there is widespread corruption
Strong States
Weak States
Allow its citizens to participate in free and fair elections, and acknowledge human rights
Strong States
Weak States
States are expected to provide welfare services
Weak States
Strong States
State capacity
Includes the knowledge, personnel, and institutions the government requires
The ability of the state to accomplish what it seeks to do
None of the government functions are performed well
Factors which make a state strong
Legitimacy of the government
The strength of the economy
Robustness of state institutions
Military might, including the possession of nuclear weapons
All of the above
A lack of resources may mean civil servants are paid very little, leading to...
Failed State
Corruption
Criminal Activity
Strong State
Why Nations Fail, was written by
Berlin (1937)
Machiavelli (1890)
Theramychus (1300 BC)
Acemoglu and Robinson (2012)
Occurs when one tries to increase his own share of wealth without creating any new wealth
Extractive
Inclusive
Rent-seeking
Only existing to extract resources from the land at the expense of the many for the benefit of the few
Rent-seeking
Extractive
Inclusive
Existing to share power and wealth in the land
Inclusive
Rent-seeking
Extractive
Inclusive Institutions protect the property rights of individuals, giving people incentives to innovate. What is an example of that?
The Colonial Powers
Jamestown
The Caribbean Region
Protestant England
Extractive Institutions set up governments to extract resources from the land, usually while using slaves. What is an example of that?
Jamestown
Protestant England
The Caribbean Region
The Colonial Powers
