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WorksheetsGRAM-POSITIVE SPORE-FORMING BACILLI
Total questions: 45
Worksheet time: 23mins
Name
Class
Date
1.
Causative agent of anthrax. Largest pathogenic bacteria. Normally found in the soil; non-motile. Are capable of forming spores within the mother cell (endospores). May be effectively used as an agent of biologic warfare
a)
Bacillus anthracis
b)
Bacillus cereus
2.
Also known as Fried Rice bacillus. Found within the soil and widely distributed in nature. Motile and β-hemolytic; non-encapsulated. Opportunistic pathogens and often associated with food-borne illness. Two types of symptoms: 1.) diarrheal, 2.) emetic
a)
Bacillus anthracis
b)
Bacillus cereus
3.
Bacillus anthracis MOT
a)
Inoculation
b)
Injection
c)
Ingestion
d)
Inhalation
4.
B. anthracis vfactor: inhibits phagocytosis
a)
Poly-glutamyl capsule
b)
Edema factor (EF)
c)
Protective antigen (PA)
d)
Lethal factor (LF)
5.
B. anthracis vfactor: impairs neutrophil function, and causes massive edema
a)
Poly-glutamyl capsule
b)
Edema factor (EF)
c)
Protective antigen (PA)
d)
Lethal factor (LF)
6.
B. anthracis vfactor: promotes entry of EF into phagocytic cells
a)
Poly-glutamyl capsule
b)
Edema factor (EF)
c)
Protective antigen (PA)
d)
Lethal factor (LF)
7.
B. anthracis vfactor: stimulates the production of TNF and IL-1
a)
Poly-glutamyl capsule
b)
Edema factor (EF)
c)
Protective antigen (PA)
d)
Lethal factor (LF)
8.
B. anthracis disease: - most common; associated with contact with infected animal products, inoculation of endospores through a break in the skin
presents as eschar
a)
Cutaneous anthrax
b)
Gastrointestinal anthrax
c)
Inhalation anthrax
d)
Injectional anthrax
9.
B. anthracis disease: - - results from the inhalation of spores; Woolsorter’s disease
a)
Cutaneous anthrax
b)
Gastrointestinal anthrax
c)
Inhalation anthrax
d)
Injectional anthrax
10.
B. anthracis disease: - results from ingestion of endospores; least common
a)
Cutaneous anthrax
b)
Gastrointestinal anthrax
c)
Inhalation anthrax
d)
Injectional anthrax
11.
B. anthracis disease: associated with injection of contaminated drugs of abuse
a)
Cutaneous anthrax
b)
Gastrointestinal anthrax
c)
Inhalation anthrax
d)
Injectional anthrax
12.
B. anthracis Gram staining
a)
gram-positive bacilli, box car morphology (arranged singly)/bamboo fishing rod (in chains)
b)
gram-positive rods
13.
B. anthracis: non-hemolytic, comet tail, medusa head, ground glass colonies; beaten egg white consistency
a)
5% Sheep BA
b)
Polymyxin-lysozyme-EDTA-thallous acetate (PLET)
c)
Bicarbonate agar
d)
Tube media
14.
B. anthracis: selective medium
a)
5% Sheep BA
b)
Polymyxin-lysozyme-EDTA-thallous acetate (PLET)
c)
Bicarbonate agar
d)
Tube media
15.
B. anthracis: used to induce B. anthracis capsule formation
a)
5% Sheep BA
b)
Polymyxin-lysozyme-EDTA-thallous acetate (PLET)
c)
Bicarbonate agar
d)
Tube media
16.
B. anthracis: inverted fir tree or inverted pine tree appearance
a)
5% Sheep BA
b)
Polymyxin-lysozyme-EDTA-thallous acetate (PLET)
c)
Bicarbonate agar
d)
Tube media
17.
B. anthracis: presumptive test
a)
Immunochromatographic test
b)
Susceptibility test
c)
Ascoli test
18.
B. anthracis: MHA with 10u penicillin: string of pearl appearance
a)
Immunochromatographic test
b)
Susceptibility test
c)
Ascoli test
19.
B. anthracis: serotest to detect/diagnose anthrax
a)
Immunochromatographic test
b)
Susceptibility test
c)
Ascoli test
20.
B. cereus Gram staining
a)
gram-positive bacilli, box car morphology (arranged singly)/bamboo fishing rod (in chains)
b)
gram-positive rods
21.
B. cereus: Diarrheal Virulence factor
a)
Hemolysin BL (HBL)
b)
Cytotoxin K (CytK) or hemolysin IV
c)
Nonhemolytic enterotoxin
d)
Cereulide
22.
B. cereus: Emetic Virulence factor
a)
Hemolysin BL (HBL)
b)
Cytotoxin K (CytK) or hemolysin IV
c)
Nonhemolytic enterotoxin
d)
Cereulide
23.
B. cereus: CULTIVATION
a)
Mannitol Egg Yolk, Polymyxin B agar (MEYP) or MYP
b)
Polymyxin B, Egg Yolk, Mannitol, Bromthymol blue (PEMBA)
c)
B. cereus medium
24.
aka Hay bacillus. motile, β-hemolytic, ground glass appearance. source of bacitracin. most common biological indicator
a)
Bacillus subtilis
b)
Bacillus stearothermophilus
25.
biological indicator of autoclave
a)
Bacillus subtilis
b)
Bacillus stearothermophilus
26.
Identify:
a)
B. anthracis
b)
B. cereus
c)
B. subtilis
27.
Identify:
a)
B. anthracis
b)
B. cereus
c)
B. subtilis
28.
Tackhead bacillus/tetanus bacillus/drumstick or lollipop or tennis racket bacillus. Causative agent of tetanus. Iron-loving bacteria, with terminal spores; assacharolytic. Causes trismus or lockjaw, risus sardonicus or devil’s grin, opisthotonus
a)
Clostridium tetani
b)
Clostridium perfringens
c)
Clostridium botulinum
d)
Clostridium difficile/Clostridioides difficile
29.
Clostridium welchii/gas gangrene bacillus. 2 classes of infection: 1. Cellulitis/wound infection; Clostridial myonecrosis
a)
Clostridium tetani
b)
Clostridium perfringens
c)
Clostridium botulinum
d)
Clostridium difficile/Clostridioides difficile
30.
Responsible for the antibiotic-associated pseudomembranous colitis (diarrhea).Normal flora of the colon; horse manure odor
a)
Clostridium tetani
b)
Clostridium perfringens
c)
Clostridium botulinum
d)
Clostridium difficile/Clostridioides difficile
31.
Clostridium tetani virulence factor: - exotoxin that blocks the release of neurotransmitters causing spastic paralysis; inhibits the release of GABA and glycine from nerve cells
a)
Tetanospasmin
b)
Botulinum toxin
32.
Clostridium tetani: Known organism of Reverse CAMP test
a)
S. agalactiae
b)
S. pyogenes
33.
Reverse CAMP test positive result
a)
arrowhead zone of hemolysis (C. perfringens)
b)
no enhanced hemolysis
34.
Reverse CAMP test negative result
a)
arrowhead zone of hemolysis (C. perfringens)
b)
no enhanced hemolysis
35.
Clostridium botulinum virulence factor: blocks the release of acetylcholine from presynaptic nerve terminals in the autonomic nervous system and motor end plates causing flaccid paralysis
a)
Tetanospasmin
b)
Botulinum toxin
36.
Clostridium botulinum: ingestion of neurotoxin
a)
Adult botulism
b)
Infant botulism/Floppy baby syndrome
37.
Clostridium botulinum: ingestion of food contaminated with spores
a)
Adult botulism
b)
Infant botulism/Floppy baby syndrome
38.
Clostridium difficile virulence factor: diarrhea
a)
TOXIN A
b)
TOXIN B
39.
Clostridium difficile virulence factor: cytotoxic to the colonic cells
a)
TOXIN A
b)
TOXIN B
40.
Identify
a)
C. perfringens
b)
C. tetani
c)
C. botulinum
d)
C. difficile
41.
Identify
a)
C. perfringens
b)
C. tetani
c)
C. botulinum
d)
C. difficile
42.
Identify
a)
C. perfringens
b)
C. tetani
c)
C. botulinum
d)
C. difficile
43.
Identify
a)
C. perfringens
b)
C. tetani
c)
C. botulinum
d)
C. difficile
44.
Identify
a)
C. perfringens
b)
C. tetani
c)
C. botulinum
d)
C. difficile
45.
Cultivation of Clostridium difficile in Cycloserine cefoxitin fructose agar (CCFA)
a)
yellow colonies
b)
red colonies
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