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Motivation

Total questions: 87

Worksheet time: 1hrs 18mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

What is the definition of motivation?

4 lines
2.

__________ saw humans as bags of water, where if the bag leaks there most be a ________ to restore it to the right amount.

a)

Mechanism

b)

Claude Bernard

c)

Walter B. Cannon

d)

Stimuli

3.

What is the definition of homeostasis?

(a)  

4.

According to who is homeostasis "change in the face of change as to remain unchanged"?

(a)  

5.

How many prototypic features are there?

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

e)

5

6.

Name the prototype features.

(a)  

7.

Name the prototype features and state what they entails.

4 lines
8.

Chemical reaction in the body are _________ .

a)

Temperature dependent

b)

Temperature independent

c)

Electrically dependent

d)

Electrically independent

9.

What kind of control are exerted to regulate body temperature?

(a)  

10.

In what brain structure are neurons in charge of temperature control found?

a)

Arcuate nucleus

b)

Anterior hypothalamus

c)

Posterior hypothalamus

d)

Lateral hypothalamus

e)

Ventromedial hypothalamus

11.

In what brain structure are neurons in charge of temperature control found?

(a)  

12.

What is the role of homeostasis?

a)

Maintain system variable

b)

Maintain set points

c)

Maintain detectors

d)

Maintain correction mechanism

13.

What motivates use to eat when food is plentiful?

(a)  

14.

What motivates use to eat when food is scarce?

(a)  

15.

How is weight balanced?

4 lines
16.

Regulating weight requise balance between what?

(a)  

17.

What are the two mechanism that helps maintain weight?

(a)  

18.

Which is stronger?

a)

Mechanism that increase the motivation to eat when the nutrient reservoir is low

b)

Mechanism that restrains food consumption when we have more calories than needed

19.

When stimulated which brain area produces drinking and eating?

a)

Arcuate nucleus

b)

Anterior hypothalamus

c)

Posterior hypothalamus

d)

Lateral hypothalamus

e)

Ventromedial hypothalamus

20.

When stimulated which brain area produces drinking and eating?

(a)  

21.

Lesion to what brain area produces anorexia?

a)

Arcuate nucleus

b)

Anterior hypothalamus

c)

Posterior hypothalamus

d)

Lateral hypothalamus

e)

Ventromedial hypothalamus

22.

Lesion to what brain area produces anorexia?

(a)  

23.

Lesion to what brain area produces aphagia and adipsia?

a)

Arcuate nucleus

b)

Anterior hypothalamus

c)

Posterior hypothalamus

d)

Lateral hypothalamus

e)

Ventromedial hypothalamus

24.

What does lesion to the lateral hypothalamus causes?

(a)  

25.

What is adipsia?

(a)  

26.

What is aphagia?

(a)  

27.

When stimulated which brain area suppresses eating?

a)

Arcuate nucleus

b)

Anterior hypothalamus

c)

Posterior hypothalamus

d)

Lateral hypothalamus

e)

Ventromedial hypothalamus

28.

When stimulated which brain area suppresses eating?

(a)  

29.

Lesion to what brain area produces obesity?

a)

Arcuate nucleus

b)

Anterior hypothalamus

c)

Posterior hypothalamus

d)

Lateral hypothalamus

e)

Ventromedial hypothalamus

30.

Lesion to what brain area produces obesity?

(a)  

31.

What type of signals activates the lateral hypothalamus and ventromedial hypothalamus?

(a)  

32.

What type of signals activates the lateral hypothalamus and ventromedial hypothalamus?

a)

Short-term

b)

Long-term

c)

Mid-term

d)

Anterior hypothalamic

e)

Arcuate nucleus

33.

What signals trigger the next meal and tells us when to stop eating?

a)

Short-term

b)

Long-term

c)

Mid-term

d)

Anterior hypothalamic

e)

Arcuate nucleus

34.

What signals help us control our body weight over weeks, months, years?

a)

Short-term

b)

Long-term

c)

Mid-term

d)

Anterior hypothalamic

e)

Arcuate nucleus

35.

What signals trigger the next meal and tells us when to stop eating?

(a)  

36.

What signals help us control our body weight over weeks, months, years?

(a)  

37.

What does short-term signals does?

(a)  

38.

What does long-term signals does?

(a)  

39.

Stomach contractions correlated with reports of _______.

Distention correlated with ______.

a)

Hunger, thirst

b)

Hunger, satiety

c)

Thirst, satiety

d)

Satiety, hunger

e)

Thirst, hunger

40.

Where is ghrelin produced?

a)

Intestine

b)

Stomach

c)

Pituitary gland

d)

Pancreas

e)

Hypothalamus

41.

Where is ghrelin produced?

(a)  

42.

When in ghrelin released?

a)

1-2 hours before meal

b)

1-2 hours after meal

c)

3 hours after meal

d)

1-2 months after weigh gain

43.

When does ghrelin levels increases?

a)

With fasting

b)

After a meal

c)

With presence of fatty food in intestines

d)

With high number of glucose in the blood

44.

When does ghrelin levels increases?

(a)  

45.

When does ghrelin levels decreases?

a)

With fasting

b)

After a meal

c)

With presence of fatty food in intestines

d)

With high number of glucose in the blood

46.

When does ghrelin levels decreases?

(a)  

47.

Ghrelin ______ inhibit feeding.

a)

Hormones

b)

Inhibitor

c)

Antagonist

d)

Agonist

e)

Fixator

48.

What does ghrelin antagonist does?

(a)  

49.

Ghrelin (a)   inhibit feeding.

50.

What does ghrelin injection do in humans?

(a)  

51.

What does ghrelin injection do in humans?

a)

Cause weight loss

b)

Cause weight gain

c)

Cause satiety

d)

Increase food imagery

e)

Increase food intake

52.

What surgical procedure reduces ghrelin levels?

(a)  

53.

What surgical procedure reduces ghrelin levels?

a)

Liposuction

b)

Gastric sleeve

c)

Leptin

d)

Gastric bypass

e)

CCK

54.

What short-term hormone is released when fatty food are present in the intestine?

(a)  

55.

What short-term hormone is released when fatty food are present in the intestine?

a)

Insulin

b)

Ghrelin

c)

Cholecystokinin

d)

Leptin

e)

PYY

56.

What does CCK (cholecystokinin) causes?

a)

Satiety

b)

Hunger

57.

What does CCK (cholecystokinin) causes?

(a)  

58.

When is insulin released?

(a)  

59.

What releases insulin?

a)

Intestine

b)

Stomach

c)

Pituitary gland

d)

Pancreas

e)

Hypothalamus

60.

What is the role of Insulin?

(a)  

61.

What theory suggests that low glucose levels trigger eating?

(a)  

62.

What does glucostatic theory suggests?

(a)  

63.

Large injections of insulin causes _________ and _______. Where glucose is stored and allows non-cells to use them.

(a)  

64.

What does large injection of insulin causes?

a)

Hypoglycemia

b)

Hyperglycemia

c)

Glucodeprivation

d)

Cholecystokinin

e)

Ghrelin release

65.

Insulin promotes ______ but in excess may cause _____ which stimulate ________.

(a)  

66.

What releases leptin?

a)

Intestine

b)

Stomach

c)

Pituitary gland

d)

Nourished fat cells

e)

Hypothalamus

67.

Leptin is secreted by _________

Reports to the _______ about the extent of fat stores.

a)

Nourished fat cells, pancreas

b)

Pancreas, brain

c)

Nourished fat cells, brain

d)

Brain, nourished fat cells

e)

Brain, pancreas

68.

What does the leptin tell the brain?

(a)  

69.

In class what did the fat cells of OB mice not produce?

a)

Ghrelin

b)

Insulin

c)

Cholecystokinin

d)

Leptin

e)

PYY

70.

What does high level of leptin causes?

(a)  

71.

What does low level of leptin causes?

(a)  

72.

High levels of leptin provide _______.

a)

Satiety

b)

Hunger

73.

Low levels of leptin provide _______.

a)

Satiety

b)

Hunger

74.

Most feeding signals initially originates from the _________. These signals affect the metabolism and behavior via _______ and ________

(a)  

75.

With how many type of neurons does the arcuate nucleus interact?

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

e)

5

76.

What are the name of the two neurons the arcuate nucleus communicate with?

(a)  

77.

Which neurons the arcuate nucleus communicate with is a feeding stimulant?

(a)  

78.

Which neurons the arcuate nucleus communicate with is a feeding inhibitors?

(a)  

79.

The arcuate nucleus communicates with neurons that works as feeding stimulants, what activates these neurons?

(a)  

80.

The arcuate nucleus communicates with neurons that works as feeding stimulants, what activates these neurons?

a)

Leptin

b)

Ghrelin

c)

PYY

d)

α-MSH

e)

Insulin

81.

The arcuate nucleus communicates with neurons that works as feeding stimulants, what inhibits these neurons?

a)

Leptin

b)

Ghrelin

c)

PYY

d)

α-MSH

e)

Insulin

82.

The arcuate nucleus communicates with neurons that works as feeding stimulants, what inhibits these neurons?

(a)  

83.

The arcuate nucleus communicates with neurons that works as feeding inhibitor, what activates these neurons?

(a)  

84.

The arcuate nucleus communicates with neurons that works as feeding inhibitor, what activates these neurons?

(a)  

85.

The arcuate nucleus communicates with neurons that works as feeding inhibitor, what activates these neurons?

a)

Leptin

b)

Ghrelin

c)

PYY

d)

α-MSH

e)

Insulin

86.

The arcuate nucleus communicates with neurons that works as feeding inhibitor, what does these neurons release?

a)

Leptin

b)

Ghrelin

c)

PYY

d)

α-MSH

e)

Insulin

87.

The arcuate nucleus communicates with neurons that works as feeding inhibitor, what does these neurons release?

(a)