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WorksheetsUnit 6 Test Review
Total questions: 42
Worksheet time: 42mins
While there were many, many causes for the First World War, what event is usually said to have been the spark that started the fighting?
A war poem written by Wilfred Owen
The invention of the telegraph
The sudden and increased efficiency of the railroad
The assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand
What does the term “military burden” refer to, primarily?
The number of soldiers’ lives lost in a war
The weapons and equipment provided to soldiers
A citizen’s mandatory participation in the military (i.e. conscription, or the draft)
The amount of money a nation spends on the military
What major shift occurred in Russian politics in 1917?
The monarchy was replaced first with a parliament, then soon after with a communist government.
The tsar (emperor) introduced a democratic process for creating new legislation.
A coup reinstalled the monarch after a communist revolution.
The Romanov family rose to power, and the king was exiled.
While the Industrial Revolution brought tremendous progress – technological, social, and political – which response most clearly identifies one of the problems with all of this change?
The advantages did not reach everyone, so many parts of the world became vulnerable to conquest by newly powerful nations.
The automation that came with the factory system created a huge burden of unemployment worldwide.
As globalization increased, people became less loyal to their own nations, weakening many states.
Increased production in many parts of the world meant fewer products had to shipped, damaging existing systems of production and distribution.
Despite the many problems in the world going on at the eve of the First World War in 1914, what were some of the positive developments that had occurred by this time?
American women now had the vote, and colonialism was for the most part at an end.
Gender equality and racial equality were now recognized by law in most places.
More children were in school, and working conditions had been improved.
Russia had become more stable, and the advent of television made it easier to keep people informed.
In what way did poet Wilfred Owen represent the way many people felt about the First World War?
At first, he was excited to fight for his country, but he was later disillusioned by the horrors he experienced.
He was ashamed that his injuries took him off the battlefield, but felt the experience made him a better soldier in the long run.
He was furious that he was forced to go to war, but in by the end developed more pride in his country.
He had been afraid of dying before entering the war, but ultimately felt like a hero for fighting in it.
Which war did U.S. president Woodrow Wilson predict would be “the war to end all wars”?
The First World War
The Second World War
The Seven Years War
The Spanish-American War
What was the general position of Germany after the First World War?
Shell-shocked, disoriented from violence, and regretful that they had let their nationalistic ideas get out of hand
Humiliated, weakened by its loss, and eager to fight again to regain power
Arrogant, proud of its victory, and on a campaign to demonstrate its power
Humbled, regretful for the lives lost, and intent on finding more peaceful methods to resolve political conflicts
What is one of the ways in which the First World War was affected by industrialization?
The high amount of pollutants in the air, caused by rapidly increasing factory production, sometimes damaged the lungs of soldiers and put them in hospitals even though they had not been in battle.
Nuclear weapons were used for the first time, which increased by dramatic measures the threat of what war could do.
There were so many factory workers that it was nearly impossible to recruit soldiers without damaging the production and distribution aspect of the economy.
Newer and deadlier weapons could be produced on a larger scale than ever before, so the war benefitted some economies despite a shockingly high death toll.
In what way was the First World War a “total” war?
The weapons provided by industrialization produced a level of violence and mortality that many referred to as “total” devastation.
Unlike most wars, which are messy and unpredictable, this one had a clear beginning, middle and end, creating a totality of experience for those involved.
Victories and losses were measured by totals – i.e. total deaths, total financial loss, etc. – hence the term “total war”.
Citizens from the involved nations participated at almost every level – so even if you weren’t a soldier, you were doing something for the war.
The First World War has been described as a “threshold event.” Which response best describes the term “threshold event”?
A time in history when political change affects more than half of the world population
An era when one species has a measurable effect on the earth’s environment
A moment in which something significant changes in world history
Any historical event that leads to a decrease in the human population
The First World War saw the dissolution of some large empires (like the Ottoman and the Austro-Hungarian) into smaller states. Which of the three course frames would be most useful in studying this change?
Politics
Networks
Production and Distribution
Communities
In the First World War, many nations took on a “total war” stance, using all their industrialization to make weapons and equipment. Which of the course frame is most useful in studying this effect?
Communities
Religion
Networks
Production and Distribution
Why was Franz Ferdinand killed?
Serbian nationalists hoped to provoke Russia into supporting Serbs in the Austro-Hungarian Empire.
The Ottoman Empire wanted revenge for Serbia achieving independence.
Russians hoped that they could take over Austro-Hungarian territory through war.
The Emperor of the Austro-Hungarian Empire disliked him and wanted him dead.
Which response best describes how imperialism helped expand and accelerate the war?
Many of the warring countries wanted to gain economic and strategic advantages.
Countries wanted to expand by taking territory from each other in different parts of Europe.
The Alliance wanted to seize the territories and resources of the Entente.
The Entente wanted to seize the territories and resources of the Alliance.
How might the First World War have happened by accident?
Countries were too quick to adopt new communications technologies, making diplomacy more vulnerable to misinformation.
Governments could not keep diplomatic relations because conflict was moving so fast.
The Russian and Austro-Hungarian Empires started the war over a misunderstanding.
Franz Ferdinand was killed by mistake and the diplomatic escalation led to war.
How did industrialization affect the war?
New industrial technologies vastly improved healthcare for war victims.
New industrial technologies made it easier for people to flee the violence.
New industrial technologies improved diplomatic relations.
New industrial technologies made war harder to reverse.
How did European powers’ experience with imperialism influence their attitude toward the war?
It intimidated them.
It made them anxious.
It made them apologetic.
It emboldened them.
Why didn’t the Austrian emperor like Franz Ferdinand?
He was working with the Russian Empire.
He thought Franz Ferdinand wanted to start a war.
He was the son of the emperor’s Serbian enemy.
He had a lenient approach to Serbia.
Why was the choice Austria gave Serbia so important?
The many demands of Austria’s ultimatum were so harsh that war was really the only option.
The Austro-Hungarian Empire set a realistic choice for Serbia.
The choice meant Serbia would seek Germany’s help in a potential war.
The choice was a lenient way to punish Serbia for Franz Ferdinand’s death.
Why did Austria wait a month to issue the ultimatum?
The Emperor did not like Franz Ferdinand, so he did not care if he died.
They wanted Russia to mobilize before issuing the ultimatum.
They wanted to make sure Germany could support them if a war started.
They did not know how to react to Franz Ferdinand’s death.
What was the political state of Southeast Asia at the start of World War I?
United in their victory against Russia several years prior
Several independent nations under the influence of imperialists
Controlled by nearby superpowers – China and Japan
Divided into several colonies under European and US imperialism
Choose the response that best describes what World War I looked like for people living in Southeast Asia?
A series of large-scale rebellions against colonial powers
Trench warfare and massive destruction of the environment
Disruption of trade and deployment of colonial troops to Europe
Revolutions for independence and submarine warfare
What were some global motivations for the war?
Japan wanted to take control of German islands in the Pacific.
Britain wanted to assert its naval dominance around the world.
The death of Franz Ferdinand angered many countries.
Existing empires wanted to expand their territories.
How did the Ottoman Empire appeal to its Muslim colonial subjects?
Muslims had reputations as good soldiers skilled in battle.
They provoked tensions to start an uprising in Singapore.
They tried to stir up tensions, so the subjects would rebel.
The Ottomans tried to stop British -supported Arab rebels.
What was the main consequence of the First World War?
The breakup of the Austrian, Russian, and Ottoman Empires.
The French and British Empires restored lands to indigenous people.
The German Empire expanded into Africa.
The major empires remained mostly the same after the war.
What are some economic arguments made against the war?
War would disrupt the connections on which economic stability depended.
War could change the way countries managed their colonies.
Giving Serbia more control of Bosnia would disrupt trade.
The war would cause more economic interdependence in Europe.
What is one reason that capitalists might have wanted a war?
They saw war as very profitable for businesses and governments.
They wanted to get rid of colonial territories because they were hard to manage.
They were angry that Franz Ferdinand was killed, and they wanted revenge.
The capitalists were nationalists and wanted their country to win the war.
Who was the “economic winner” of the First World War, and why?
Germany because it was able to build factories and industry as part of the war machine.
The United Kingdom because it expanded its territories in the Middle East and elsewhere in the world.
The Austro-Hungarian Empire because it stopped Serbian nationalism and strengthened the empire.
The USA because it supplied weapons and other resources to its European allies.
How did the war cause the spread of disease?
New kinds of diseases spread quicker than before.
Contaminated food was sent to soldiers around the world.
Armies used biological warfare to attack enemy soldiers and populations.
Troops were moving around the world and carried diseases with them.
How did the war impact the role of women in society?
Women had to take on roles in industry that previously belonged to men.
Women suffragettes fought harder to win the vote, so they could vote on war policy.
Women joined the military as soldiers and fought on the front lines.
Women were not strongly impacted by war. Their lives carried on like normal.
How did local and national economies change during the First World War?
There was a global need for resources that meant most industries served the war.
While international industries served the war, local industries were unchanged.
Most industry was impacted by the war, but agriculture remained unchanged.
Petroleum from the Middle East drove industrial development across the world.
What is genocide?
It is the mass extermination of a group of people with the intent to destroy it.
It was the form of warfare common before the twentieth century.
The killing of government traitors during heightened tensions.
It was the way governments managed their people during World War I.
What were millets?
Millets were religious groups and communities in the Ottoman Empire.
Millets were a crop grown in the Ottoman Empire.
Millets were the system of government in the Ottoman Empire.
Millets describe how people moved in and out of the Ottoman Empires.
What was the consequence of the Armenian genocide for Turkish leaders?
The Turkish leaders fled to the USA to avoid punishment.
There was no consequence at all for the genocide.
Turkish leaders were sentenced to death for their crimes.
There was considerable outcry, but very few people were punished.
Why did Russia have a different experience with nationalist fervor than its European neighbors?
Russians were more worried about economic hardships than nationalism.
The Bolsheviks supported nationalist thought, so the other Russians abhorred it.
The Tsar killed people who expressed nationalist thought.
Russians did not share a common “national” identity.
Why did the Provisional Committee eventually lose power to the Bolsheviks in Russia?
The Committee kept Russia fighting in the war, which was very unpopular.
The Committee was not able to solve the problem of rationing of food.
The Committee was supported by the Tsar, and the people were unhappy about that.
The people supported the Committee, but the Bolsheviks took power by force.
How did the Bolsheviks change both production and distribution in Russia?
They established a communist economic system and moved away from private ownership.
The Bolsheviks started a new form of the capitalist economic system.
The Bolsheviks used more resources to continue fighting the First World War.
The Bolsheviks wanted people to work harder for less reward than under the Tsar.
Why did many Europeans enter WWI eager and enthusiastic?
They thought the war would be short and easily won.
They hoped the war would spur their national economies.
They were hopeful about new technology’s effects on wars.
They disliked the Germans and were excited to crush them.
Why was World War I labelled a “total war”?
Its involvement by all existing countries at the time
Its command of all government sectors
Its ability to employ everyone, from soldiers to factory workers
Its unprecedented scale and destruction
How was the European justification for colonization – the concept of the “white man’s burden” – affected by the mass destruction of World War I? Why?
It was eroded because several European countries lost their colonies during the war due to concurrent movements for independence.
It was not affected because shows of European strength with advanced weaponry counteracted losses by European countries.
It was strengthened because the large-scale impacts of advanced weaponry during the war were further used to showcase European “superiority”.
It was weakened because their claims that they were bringing “civilization” to other countries seemed contradictory to the uncivilized nature of the war.
What old ideologies and beliefs did people start to question in the aftermath of World War I?
Christianity and Islam
The power of industrial weaponry
Individual and popular sovereignty
Imperialism and the concept of progress
