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Biol111 Practice Exam 4

Total questions: 100

Worksheet time: 2hrs 35mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

What does RNA stand for?

a)

Ribouncenucleic acid

b)

Ricenucleic acid

c)

Ribonucleic acid

d)

Deoxyribonucleic acid

2.

What are the 4 RNA nitrogen bases?

a)

adenine, thymine, cytoplasm, and guanine

b)

adenine, thymine cytosine, and guanine

c)

adenine, uracil, cytoplasm, and guanine

d)

adenine, uracil, cytosine, and guanine

3.

What is the monomer of RNA?

a)

amino acids

b)

nucleotides

c)

fatty acids

d)

polysaccharides

4.

DNA contains the template to make RNA

a)

True

b)

False

5.

RNA is double-stranded.

a)

true

b)

false

6.

What is the process that makes a complementary mRNA strand from a DNA strand?

a)

protein synthesis

b)

transcription

c)

translation

d)

DNA Polymerase

7.
Where does transcription take place?
a)
nucleus
b)
cytoplasm
c)
ribosome
8.
What is occurring in this picture?
a)
Translation
b)
Replication
c)
Translocation
d)
Transcription
9.

Using this DNA sequence AAA TTT, what is the complementary RNA sequence will be

a)

UUU AAA

b)

AAA UUU

10.

Using this DNA sequence ATA CGA GGA TTT, what is the complementary RNA sequence will be

a)

UAU GCU CCU AAA

b)

UAU GCU CCU TTT

c)

TAT GCT CCT AAA

d)

TAT GCT CCT TTT

11.
What part of a nucleotide accounts for the genetic variation between individuals?
a)
phosphate
b)
nitrogenous base
c)
deoxyribose
d)
sugar
12.
Which phrase best describes translation?
a)
converts mRNA into a polypeptide
b)
catalyzes bonds between amino acids
c)
produces RNA from DNA molecules
d)
recycles tRNA molecules for reuse
13.

True or False: RNA uses deoxyribose sugar.

a)

True

b)

False

14.

After transcription mRNA goes from the nucleus to the _________.

a)

Ribosome

b)

Mitochondria

c)

Endoplasmic Reticulum

d)

Vacuoles

15.

The first step of protein synthesis is.....

a)

replication

b)

mitosis

c)

translation

d)

transcription

16.

Which Nucleic Acids can be found in the nucleus?

a)

DNA only

b)

DNA & RNA

c)

RNA only

d)

enzymes only

17.

Where does transcription take place in EUKARYOTIC cells?

a)

nucleus

b)

cytoplasm

c)

ribosome

18.
Which RNA bases would pair with TACGAA in transcription? 
a)
AUGCUU
b)
ATGCTT
c)
GCATCC
d)
GCAUCC
19.
How many amino acids are coded for by this sequence of nucleotides:
ATG GGA ACT CCA
a)
4
b)
2
c)
6
d)
12
20.
Amino acids are the building blocks of... 
a)
DNA
b)
RNA
c)
Atoms
d)
Proteins
21.

Which RNA carries the message from the DNA molecule out of the nucleus?

a)

mRNA

b)

rRNA

c)

tRNA

22.
In RNA, Uracil pairs with ______. 
a)
cytosine
b)
adenine
c)
guanine
d)
thymine
23.

Where does transcription take place in PROKARYOTIC cells?

a)

nucleus

b)

cytoplasm

c)

ribosome

24.

How does RNA polymerase know where to start copying down instructions in the DNA molecule?

a)

It looks for Promoters in the code

b)

It looks for Stop Codons

c)

It doesn't matter where it starts, it will find it.

d)

mRNA signals to the RNA polymerase where to start by telekinesis

25.

A polypeptide is a sequence of ____________________ held together by a ______________ bond.

a)

amino acids; peptide

b)

fatty acids; ionic

c)

proteins; hydrogen

d)

fatty acids; covalent

26.
Does the order of amino acids in a protein matter?
a)
YES!
b)
NO!
27.
Which of the following best describes how DNA and RNA are similar?
a)
they both contain A and T
b)
They both have a double helix
c)
They are both composed of 5 different nucleotides
d)
they both have C and G
28.
The central dogma of biology states that information flows in one direction from 
a)
nuclei to RNA to cytoplasm
b)
ribosomes to proteins to DNA
c)
genes to nuclei to ribosomes
d)
DNA to RNA to proteins
29.
What is the correct amino acid sequence for the mRNA code AUGCCAGUAUGA
a)
Met-Pro-Ala-Val
b)
Met-Pro-Val
c)
Tyr-Gly-His
d)
Tyr-Gly-Arg-His
30.

What is the function of DNA?

a)

Store genetic information

b)

Store energy

c)

Form enzymes

d)

Form the cell membrane

31.

What is this a picture of?

a)

DNA

b)

mRNA

c)

rRNA

d)

tRNA

32.

What process is occurring in this image?

a)

DNA transription

b)

DNA replication

c)

DNA translation

d)

Mitosis

33.

Each section of DNA that codes for a protein is called a...

a)

Chromosome

b)

RNA

c)

Gene

d)

Enzyme

34.

Where are proteins made?

a)

ER

b)

nucleus

c)

cytoplasm

d)

mitochondria

35.

MET is know as the __________ codon.

a)

stop

b)

main

c)

start

d)

most common

36.

Select the RNA sequences for Glutamine.

a)

CGU

b)

CAG

c)

CUA

d)

CAA

37.

RNA goes to the ribosome where it is used as a guide to attach amino acids together. Amino acids in a chain is a protein

a)

This is Transcription.

b)

This is Translation.

38.

Find the amino acid that this segment of RNA codes for: GAC

a)

Arginine

b)

Asparagine

c)

Aspartic Acid

d)

Alanine

39.

Find the amino acid that this segment of DNA codes for: GAC

a)

Leucine

b)

Serine

c)

Aspartic Acid

d)

Histine

40.

Select the DNA sequence or sequences for Tyrosine.

a)

ATC

b)

ATA

c)

ACC

d)

ATG

41.

A codon is a group of ___ RNA bases.

a)

1

b)

3

c)

5

d)

6

42.

Find the amino acid that this segment of RNA codes for: UUG

a)

Glycine

b)

Asparagine

c)

Lysine

d)

Leucine

43.

Find the amino acid that this segment of DNA codes for: CGT

a)

Alanine

b)

Stop

c)

Valine

d)

Leucine

44.

Select the RNA sequence or sequences for STOP.

a)

UCC

b)

UAA

c)

UGA

d)

UAG

45.

Select the DNA sequence or sequences for Lysine.

a)

TTC

b)

AAC

c)

TTT

d)

TAT

46.

Which RNA carries the message?

a)

mRNA

b)

rRNA

c)

tRNA

47.

Which RNA brings amino acids?

a)

rRNA

b)

tRNA

c)

mRNA

48.

What happens to the mRNA sequence after it has been synthesized?

a)

stays in the nucleus

b)

leaves the cell

c)

leaves the nucleus

d)

separates into smaller pieces

49.

DNA is confined to the nucleus.

a)

True

b)

False

50.

What enzyme does transcription use?

a)

DNA polymerase

b)

ligase

c)

RNA polymerase

d)

helicase

51.

Which RNA forms part of the ribosomes?

a)

tRNA

b)

mRNA

c)

rRNA

52.

Which of the following describes the direction the template strand is read?

a)

5' to 3'

b)

3' to 5'

c)

N terminus to C terminus

d)

C terminus to N terminus

53.

Which of the following describes the process of alternative RNA splicing?

a)

Different mRNA molecules are made from different sections of DNA

b)

Different mRNA molecules are made from cutting out different introns from same pre-mRNA

c)

Different mRNA molecules are made from cutting out different exons from same pre-mRNA

d)

Different mRNA molecules are absorbed from the mitochondria for translation

54.

Which of the following is the function of the poly-A tail?

a)

To protect mRNA from hydrolytic enzymes

b)

To allow for exit from nucleus

c)

To signal for termination of translation

d)

To decrease the length of mRNA molecules

55.

Which of the following describes the difference between prokaryotic mRNA and eukaryotic mRNA?

a)

Prokaryotes have longer mRNA strands due to presence of introns

b)

Eukaryotes have longer mRNA strands due to the presence of introns

c)

Prokaryotes modify the mRNA due to the presence of a nuclear envelope

d)

Eukaryotes modify the mRNA due to the absence of a nuclear envelope

56.

Where on the DNA does the enzyme responsible for transcription bind?

a)

promoter

b)

enhancer

c)

polyadenylation sequence

d)

start codon

57.

Which of the following describes the correct mRNA sequence from the template strand of 5' - CGGTTA - 3'?

a)

5' - GCCAAT - 3'

b)

5' - GCCAAU - 3'

c)

5' - UAACCG - 3'

d)

5' - TAACCG - 3'

58.

Which of the following enhance the binding of the enzyme responsible for transcription?

a)

transcription factors

b)

TATA box proteins

c)

inhibitors

d)

protons

59.
In comparison to a DNA strand, a 
a)
mRNA strand is shorter and single stranded
b)
mRNA strand is longer and single stranded
c)
mRNA strand is shorter and double stranded
d)
mRNA strand is longer and double stranded
60.

The anti-codon of tRNA

a)

contains a sequence the same as DNA

b)

contains a sequence complementary to the mRNA codon

c)

contains the base thymine

d)

does not exist

61.

What is the correct sequence for protein synthesis?

a)

rRNA --> DNA --> Protein---->mRNA

b)

Protein --> rRNA --> DNA---->tRNA

c)

DNA ----> mRNA ---->tRNA----> Protein

d)

DNA --> Protein --> tRNA-->mRNA

62.

What is the correct amino acid sequence for the mRNA code AUGCCAGUAUGA?

a)

Met-Pro-Val-Stop

b)

Met-Ala-Arg-Stop

c)

Tyr-Gly-His- Leu

d)

Tyr-Gly-Arg-His

63.
The process of transferring the codons to the amino acids ends with what codon?
a)
Stop
b)
Terminal
c)
End
d)
Cancel 
64.

A is pointing at the

a)

mRNA

b)

nucleus

c)

tRNA

d)

codon

65.

B is pointing at the

a)

mRNA

b)

nucleus

c)

tRNA

d)

codon

66.

D is pointing at the

a)

mRNA

b)

nucleus

c)

tRNA

d)

codon

67.

F is pointing at the

a)

mRNA

b)

nucleus

c)

tRNA

d)

codon

68.

how many amino acids are there?

a)

5

b)

20

c)

23

d)

46

69.
Transcribe: GGT
a)
CCA
b)
CCU
c)
CCT
d)
GGA
70.
Transcribe: ATC
a)
UAG
b)
TAG
c)
AAG
d)
UUG
71.

Is DNA directly involved in translation?

a)

Yes

b)

No

72.

Is DNA directly involved in transcription?

a)

Yes

b)

No

73.

What is done with the portion of DNA that does NOT code for proteins?

a)

Introns are spliced out.

b)

They are kept in the coding sequence.

c)

Exons are spliced out.

d)

Nothing happens.

74.

Which of the following describes the direction the template strand is read?

a)

5' to 3'

b)

3' to 5'

c)

N terminus to C terminus

d)

C terminus to N terminus

75.

Scientists can use a single codon chart to translate the information in a strand of mRNA from any species because –

a)

scientists only study a few related species

b)

the codon chart can adjust to any species

c)

every species uses the same genetic code

d)

all species makes the exact same proteins

76.

anticodons are used to

a)

Read DNA

b)

connect tRNA to mRNA

c)

destroy codons

d)

create codons

77.

After tRNA gives its amino acid to the ribosome's amino acid chain, the tRNA

a)

becomes a permanent part of the ribosome

b)

returns to the cytoplasm to get a new amino acid

c)

dissolves

d)

becomes part of the chain/protein

78.

Which of the following are differences in the structure between RNA and DNA

a)

DNA uses deoxyribose sugar, RNA uses sugar ribose

b)

DNA pairs Adenine with Uracil, RNA pairs Adenine with Thymine

c)

DNA is a double helix, RNA is a single helix

d)

DNA pairs Adenine with Thymine, RNA pairs Adenine with Uracil

79.

How can a mutation in the DNA sequence result in NO change to the protein that is made?

a)

There are multiple codons that can code for the same amino acid and result in the same protein

b)

There is always a change in the protein when a mutation occurs

c)

Only the mRNA is used in protein synthesis so a mutation in the DNA would have no effect on the protein

80.

What is the name of the enzyme that matches a tRNA and an amino acid?

a)

Aminoacyl-mRNA synthetase

b)

DNA polymerase

c)

Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase

d)

RNA polymerase

81.

Which site does the tRNA exit the ribosome?

a)

P

b)

E

c)

A

d)

R

82.

Where does the tRNA bind to in a ribosome?

a)

E site

b)

P site

c)

The 5’ cap

d)

A site

83.

Which site does the peptide chain bind to in a ribosome?

a)

P

b)

A

c)

E

d)

R

84.

Termination occurs in translation when the stop codon reaches the E site

a)

True

b)

False, it is the A site

c)

False, it is the P site

85.
Any change in the sequence of DNA is...
a)
transgenic shift
b)
Single Genotype
c)
Monohybrid Trait
d)
Mutation
86.
Why are insertion and deletion mutations so harmful?
a)
They change all of the codons from the mutation on down the line, which changes the amino acid sequence
b)
They insert things that an organism doesn't need.
c)
They often delete things that organisms need.
d)
Insertion and deletions are not any more harmful than substitution mutations.
87.
Normal-
GAG-CTC-GAC-AGA
Mutant
GAG CTC-CAC-AGA
a)
no mutation
b)
substitution
c)
insertion
d)
deletion
88.
DNA molecule segment is : TTACGCAAG
The mutated DNA segment is TTCGCAAG. This is an example of ___ mutation.
a)
Substitution
b)
Deletion
c)
Insertion
d)
Inversion
89.
Are all mutations bad?
a)
Yes
b)
No
90.

What are the three types of gene mutation?

a)

Insertion, Deletion, Subsitution

b)

Aberration, Deletion, Substitution

c)

Inversion, Duplication, Insertion

d)

Insertion, Duplication, Substitution

91.
What do helpful mutations do? 
a)
Increases chances of survival 
b)
Decreases changes of survival 
c)
Increases chances of developing cancer
d)
Decreases skills
92.

In this type of point mutation, one extra base pair is inserted into a sequence of DNA

a)

substitution

b)

insertion

c)

deletion

d)

translocation

93.

In this type of point mutation, one base pair is lost

a)

substitution

b)

insertion

c)

deletion

d)

translocation

94.

The bottom DNA sequence in the image has been altered by this type of mutation

a)

substitution

b)

insertion

c)

deletion

d)

translocation

95.
Which of the following is an example of a hurtful mutation? 
a)
Developing cancer
b)
Makes the organism faster
c)
Makes the organism a predator 
d)
Develops sharp claws
96.
What causes mutations?
a)
Mistakes in replication or environmental substances
b)
The amino acids
c)
Passed down by genetics
d)
It's how your born
97.

If a mutation codes for "stop" in the amino acid chain, this is called a:

a)

nonsense mutation

b)

missense mutation

c)

silent mutation

d)

frameshift mutation

98.

If UCU is changed to UCC in a mRNA transcript, this is a _______________________________.

a)

silent mutation

b)

missense mutation

c)

nonsense mutation

d)

frameshift mutation

99.

Mutations that change the amino acid specified by the codon, affecting the amino acid sequence, are called:

a)

nonsense mutations

b)

missense mutations

c)

silent mutations

d)

point mutations

100.

Which mutation below would have the worst effect on the function of the protein? 

a)

an insertion or deletion near the end of a gene

b)

an insertion or deletion at the beginning of the gene

c)

an insertion at the middle of the gene

d)

a base substitution in the middle of the gene

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