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WorksheetsAP Bio: Unit 4 (CED)
Total questions: 25
Worksheet time: 14mins
Phosphorylation cascades are often used for
reception
responses
amplification
termination
This type of cell signaling will only be effective...
over long distances (endocrine)
when cells are in direct contact (juxtacrine)
when responding to its own ligands (autocrine)
if cells are nearby (paracrine)
Which of these is an accurate response to increased glucose levels in the blood?
Alpha cells release glucagon from the pancreas
Liver breaks down glycogen and releases glucose
Blood glucose levels rise back to homeostatic levels
Beta cells in the pancreas release insulin
Which of these shows the cell cycle phases in their correct order AND correctly paired with their functions?
G1-growth, M-division, G2-DNA checkpoints, S-DNA replication
G1-growth, S-DNA replication, G2-prepare to divide, M-division
M-division, G1-growth, S-DNA replication, G2-prepare to divide
S-Interphase, G2-growth, M-division, G1-DNA replication
In what phase of mitosis is this cell?
Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase
Which of these graphs represents the amount of DNA present in a normal cell throughout the cell cycle?
A
B
C
D
Which of the following is NOT a result of a cell unable to perform apoptosis?
Increased health and fitness due to the removal of the cellular death process
Continued growth of cancerous cells
Potential for additional, unnecessary tissues
Proliferation of cells infected with a virus in spite of immune response
If ATP were unavailable, what would be the effect on this pathway?
Protein kinase A would not be produced
GDP would not bind to the transmembrane protein
The hormone would not bind to the transmembrane protein
The secondary messenger would not be produced
Vertebrate immune responses involve communication over short and long distances. Which of the following statements best helps explain how cell surface proteins, such as MHC proteins and T cell receptors, mediate cell communication over short distances?
The proteins receive electrical signals from nerve cells.
The proteins leave the cell and travel in the bloodstream to other cells.
The proteins interact directly with proteins on the surfaces of other cells.
The proteins bind to molecules secreted by cells located in other parts of the body.
The epinephrine signaling pathway plays a role in regulating glucose homeostasis in muscle cells. The signaling pathway is activated by the binding of epinephrine to the beta-2 adrenergic receptor. A simplified model of the epinephrine signaling pathway is represented in Figure 1. Based on Figure 1, which of the following statements best describes the epinephrine signaling pathway?
It involves the opening and closing of ion channels.
It involves enzymes activating other enzymes.
It involves changes in the expression of target genes.
It involves protons moving down a concentration gradient.
Classify the image by their type of communication.
Direct Contact (Animal Cell)
Direct Contact (Plant Cell)
Long Distance / Endocrine Signaling
Local Signaling / Paracrine
Local Signaling / Synaptic Signaling
Classify the image by their type of communication.
Direct Contact (Animal Cell)
Direct Contact (Plant Cell)
Long Distance / Endocrine Signaling
Local Signaling / Paracrine
Local Signaling / Synaptic Signaling
What is direct contact communication in animal cells called?
Gap Junctions
Plasmodesmata
Endosymbiosis
Spongebob / Patrick Junction
What is the stage of signal transduction labeled A?
Transduction
Response
Reception
Endocrine
What is direct contact communication in plant cells called?
Gap Junctions
Plasmodesmata
Endosymbiosis
Spongebob / Patrick Junctions
What is the role of enzymes in signal transduction?
To act as secondary messengers
To bind to receptors and initiate signal transduction
To amplify the signal by catalyzing the conversion of inactive molecules into active ones
To transport signals from the cell membrane to the nucleus
Anaphase
chromosomes line up at the center of the cell.
involves the cell preparing to divide
sister chromatids of each chromosome separate and are pulled toward opposite poles of the cell
final stage of mitosis
separated sister chromatids arrive at opposite poles of the cell and begin to decondense, forming chromatin again
Which of the following statements best describes negative feedback in homeostasis?
It amplifies the changes in a system to maintain equilibrium
It reduces the output of a system to bring it back to its set point
It maintains a steady state by enhancing the response of a system
It initiates a response to an external stimulus to restore balance
It is a rare phenomenon that occurs only in a few physiological systems
Glucagon, released from the pancreas, attaches to receptors in the liver, resulting in the breakdown of glycogen stores and an increase in blood sugar
autocrine signalling
juxtacrine signalling
paracrine signalling
endocrine signalling
How do bacteria sense local population density?
quorum sensing
bacteria sensing
signal sensing
population sensing
Feedback loops are important because they allow organisms and the environment to
change based on new inputs
fall apart
change based on new outputs
maintain balance
When glucose levels in the blood rise, your brain sends a signal to your pancreas. The pancreas releases insulin, which opens channels in cell membranes to allow glucose to enter the cell, lowering blood sugar levels. This is an example of a:
Positive Feedback Loop
Negative Feedback Loop
Adjacent plant cells have narrow channels called plasmodesmata that pass through the cell walls of the connected cells and allow a cytoplasmic connection between the cells.
Which of the following statements best describes a primary function of plasmodesmata?
They allow the movement of molecules from one cell to another, enabling communication between cells.
They prevent the cell membrane from pulling away from the cell wall during periods of drought.
They eliminate the need to produce signaling molecules and eliminate the need for cells to have receptors for signaling molecules.
They increase the surface area available for attachment of ribosomes and thus increase protein synthesis.
A researcher examining a root tip observes a plant cell with condensed sister chromatids, kinetochores with attached microtubules, and individual chromosomes that are aligned at the equatorial plate of the cell. Which of the following best describes what the next process will be in the cell?
Homologous chromosomes (each with two sister chromatids) will move toward opposite poles of the cell.
Paired chromatids will separate, and the new daughter chromosomes will move toward opposite poles of the cell.
The nuclear envelope will break down, and the spindle will begin to form.
The chromatin will decondense, and the daughter cell will enter interphase.
