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WorksheetsAPES Unit 9 Review
Total questions: 50
Worksheet time: 26mins
Which of the following best identifies the reason that chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) were banned in 1996 by the Montreal Protocol?
CFCs increased acid deposition in northern latitudes.
CFCs increased the rates of cancer in workers in mining operations.
CFCs led to a spike in the number of respiratory illnesses diagnosed in children.
CFCs led to the destruction of stratospheric ozone.
All of the following gases have been implicated in contributing to the increase in global temperature via the greenhouse effect EXCEPT
O2
CH4
N2O
CO2
CFCs
Possible effects of a warmer atmosphere include which of the following?
I. Expanded ranges of tropical diseases
II. More intense hurricanes and typhoons
III. Increased crop damage from pests and diseases
I only
II only
I and II
II and III
I, II, and III
Which of the following is part of a positive feedback mechanism associated with global climate change?
Increased cloudiness caused by more moisture in the atmosphere
Melting of Arctic sea ice
Increased growth of CO2 -absorbing trees and grasses
Increased acidity of seawater
Which of the following best describes the primary cause of global ocean warming?
Increased number of animal species using ocean gyres for migration
Increased movement from the ocean floor (upwelling) during La Niña events
Increased thermal pollution in rivers and streams near power plants and industrial manufacturers
Increased global temperature from an increase in greenhouse gases in the atmosphere
Which of the following best describes how an anthropogenic activity can increase ocean acidification?
Emissions from power plants that burn fossil fuels increase atmospheric carbon dioxide, which is absorbed by the ocean.
A spill from an oil rig in the ocean can have acute toxic effects on fish and other aquatic organisms, which disrupt the aquatic food web.
Tourist activities in coastal areas increase the concentration of sunscreen in the water, which decreases the photosynthetic rates of aquatic producers and increases the pH of the ocean.
During and after a major volcanic eruption, large amounts of greenhouse gases, aerosols, and ash are released into the stratosphere, which affects global climate.
Coral bleaching can be hazardous to some fish species because
decomposition of corals can lead to ocean acidification
coral reefs provide unique habitats for fish
the dead corals attract predators that feed on the fish
the corals are the primary source of O2 in ocean water
Reasons that the population size of an exotic species often grows rapidly when the species is introduced in a new environment include which of the following?
I. The exotic species is resistant to pesticides.
II. There is a large, underutilized food source in the new environment.
III. The exotic species has few natural predators in the new environment.
I only
III only
II and III
I and III
I and II
Brown marmorated stink bugs are native to China and Japan. They were identified in Pennsylvania for the first time in 1998 and have since spread across North America, feeding on agricultural crops.
Which of the following characteristics of the brown marmorated stink bug has led to them being an invasive species in North America?
They are tolerant of a wide range of environmental conditions.
They have only a few surviving offspring each year.
They are often eaten by native wasps and birds.
They reach maturity slowly.
Factors that put organisms at risk for extinction include all of the following EXCEPT
small population size
large home area
low fertility rates
high genetic diversity
Which of the following identifies the two factors thought to be the most harmful to biodiversity?
Acid deposition and increased use of fertilizers for agriculture
Changes in climate and proliferation of endemic species
Destruction of habitat and invasion by nonnative species
Global warming and decline in fisheries
Depletion of the ozone layer and oil drilling
If mean global temperature keeps on increasing as predicted by contemporary scientists, which of the following is most likely?
There will be fewer insects pests and disease-carrying organisms.
Specialist species living in fragile ecosystems will risk extinction.
There will be an increase in the reproductive rate of mammals.
The geographical range of many plants will move toward the equator.
A large forested area is fragmented into small forest tracts separated by agricultural areas. This change will most likely lead to
an increase in the population of top carnivores
an improvement in the dispersal mechanisms of forest species
a decrease in the amount of edge habitat
a more stable regional climate
a decrease in the gene flow within species of the original forest
"Bad ozone" occurs in the
Lithosphere
Mesosphere
Stratosphere
Troposphere
The main elements in CFCs are
Carbon, Calcium, Francium
Carbon, Chlorine, Fluorine
Chromium, Chlorine, Fluorine
Chlorine, Fluorine, Calcium
Which of the following best exemplifies global collaboration for a sustainable environment? (Getting rid of CFCs)
The Antarctic Treaty of 1961
The Clean Air Act of 1972
CERCLA (Superfund)
The Montreal Protocol
Which of the following best describes the importance of ozone in the stratosphere to life on Earth?
Ozone reflects X-rays from the Sun back into space.
Ozone absorbs most of the ultraviolet radiation from the Sun.
Ozone helps to moderate surface temperature by absorbing CO2 and CH4.
Ozone increases mutation rates and accelerates evolution in a variety of species.
The second step of ozone formation involves atomic oxygen combining with what molecule?
CO2
O2
NO2
2H2O
The breakdown of CFCs in the atmosphere is caused by UV rays.
True
False
Which of the following is a greenhouse gas that comes only from human sources?
Nitrous oxide
Carbon dioxide
Methane
Chlorofluorocarbons
Although levels of CFCs in the atmosphere are much lower than those of CO2 , CFCs are still potent greenhouse gases because they
remain in the atmosphere for only a brief time
lack natural sources
are much more efficient at absorbing thermal radiation
are more difficult to remove from smokestacks and tailpipes
Which of the following best describes the mechanism of the greenhouse effect in Earth's atmosphere?
Infrared radiation from Earth's surface is absorbed by gases in the atmosphere.
Cosmic radiation from deep space is absorbed by gases in the atmosphere.
Alpha radiation from the Sun is absorbed by water vapor in the atmosphere.
Ultraviolet radiation from the Sun is absorbed by ozone gas in the stratosphere.
All of the following gases have been implicated in contributing to the increase in global temperature via the greenhouse effect EXCEPT
CFC's
O2
N2O
CO2
Why is water vapor not considered a significant contributor to global climate change?
The concentration of water vapor is very low compared to the other gases.
Water vapor is inefficient at absorbing heat and does not absorb much of the infrared spectrum.
Trees and other organisms naturally release water vapor during the process of decomposition.
Water vapor has a relatively short residence time in the atmosphere.
A greenhouse gas that, in the lower troposphere, is formed by photochemical reactions
H2O
CO2
CH4
O3
Layer of Earth's atmosphere the contains "good" O3
Troposphere
Hydrosphere
Mesosphere
Asthenosphere
Stratosphere
The ocean becomes this with the absorption of excess CO2
alkaline
acidic
neutral
shallower
none of these
A species who is very close to extinction
threatened
endangered
invasive
least concern
alien
committing industrialized countries and economies in transition to limit and reduce greenhouse gases (GHG) emissions in accordance with agreed individual targets
Kyoto Protocol
CITES
Montreal Protocol
Endangered Species Act
NEPA
Which is NOT a part of HIPPCO?
Human population
Income (affluence)
Climate change
Pollution
Overharvesting
Organisms that are successful in a new environment due to access to abundant resources and no predators
threatened
keystone
endangered
least concern
invasive
This had the goal of decrease production of CFCs by the year 2000
Montreal Protocol
Kyoto Protocol
Paris Agreement
NEPA
CITES
The international agreement between governments to ensure that international trade in specimens of wild animals and plants does not threaten the survival of the species
CITES
Endangered Species Act
Montreal Protocol
Kyoto Protocol
Sioux Falls Animal Act
Where there is a lot of mixing of air, weather, and "bad" ozone
Troposphere
Hydrosphere
Mesosphere
Asthenosphere
Stratosphere
Which is NOT true about ocean warming?
The distribution of heat in the oceans is not uniform
Coral bleaching rates are decreasing
Warm water holds less dissolved oxygen than colder water
Sea levels are rising due to thermal expansion
Many species are relocating further from the equator
Evidence for climate change on Earth includes
Global temperature decline
Warming oceans
Increasing glaciers
Lowering sea levels
None of these
Which of the following anthropogenic activities is most closely associated with depletion of the stratospheric ozone layer?
Flooded cropland
Garbage incineration
Mining of talc
Disposal of refrigerators and air conditioners
None of these
A source of heat to warm up oceans is
sunlight
water vapor
carbon dioxide
all of these
none of these
As greenhouse gasses increase, what happens to Earth's temperature?
Increase
Decrease
Stays the Same
No Trend
What evidence is there to support that Global Warming is occurring?
Rising ocean temperatures
Declining arctic sea glacers
Sea levels rising
Increase in carbon dioxide in the atmosphere
Which of the following could increase the amount of greenhouse gasses in our atmosphere?
Burning fossil fuels
Planting trees
Walking to school and work
Cutting down trees
Why do we need greenhouse gasses?
We don't! All greenhouse gasses are bad
They help regulate Earth's climate
They decrease Earth's temperature
None of the above
On the picture, the heat out is decreasing. What can we assume if this is happening?
There is no change in the graph
We don't have any greenhouse gasses
Greenhouse gasses are decreasing
Greenhouse gasses are increasing
How does ocean acidification impact marine calcifiers?
It weakens their shells and bodies
It makes their food die
It makes the water too warm for them
It adds too much weight to their shells
How are humans adding CO2 to the air?
Building houses
Using fossil fuels
Causing chemical spills
Growing trees
