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ECAP: Modern Physics Post-Test

Total questions: 60

Worksheet time: 36mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
What does mass mean?
a)

The amount of gravity on an object

b)

How much an object weighs

c)

The amount of matter in an object

d)

Combination of all forces acting on an object

2.
What is the law of universal gravitation?
a)
An object in motion will stay in motion unless acted upon
b)
Gravity acts between all objects in the universe
c)
An object's tendency to resist change in motion
d)
f=m(a)
3.
The product of an object's mass and velocity is called its __________________.
a)
Acceleration
b)
Velocity
c)
Momentum
d)
Inertia
4.
Give an example of sliding friction
a)
Ice Skates
b)
Roller Skates
c)
Bowling Ball
d)
A Fish Swimming
5.
What is the formula for force?
a)
f(x)=n-1
b)
a(n)
c)
f=m(a)
6.
What is net force?
a)
A push or a pull
b)
An object that is thrown
c)
An unbalanced force
d)
Combination of all forces acting on an object
7.
Air resistance is a type of __________________.
a)

Velocity

b)

Motion

c)

Gravity

d)

Friction

8.
Forces can only be added together if they are  __________________________.
a)

On the same object

b)

On different objects

c)

Are in space

d)

Are unbalanced

9.
The SI unit for force is ___________________.
a)
Kilograms
b)
Meters
c)
Einstein
d)
Newton
10.
The force of gravity on a person or object on the surface of the planet is called  __________.
a)
Mass
b)
Weight
c)
Force
d)
Newtons
11.
______________ happens when the only force acting on an object is gravity.
a)
Weight
b)
Mass
c)
Projectile
d)
Free Fall
12.
What happens when two forces act in the same direction?
a)
They cancel each other out
b)
You subtract them
c)
You add them
d)
You multiply them
13.
The momentum of an object is in the same direction as its _________.
a)
velocity
b)
speed
c)
force
d)
acceleration
14.
What is the net force and direction?
a)
0N left
b)
4N left
c)
0N
d)
4N right
15.
What is the net force and direction?
a)
11N left
b)
1N right
c)
6N right
d)
11N right
16.
The force that one surface exerts over another is called _________________.
a)
gravity
b)
friction
c)
force
d)
inertia
17.
For every action there is an opposite and equal reaction is Newton's _______ law.
a)
1st
b)
2nd
c)
3rd
d)
4th
18.
What do the tips of the arrows mean?
a)
nothing
b)
opposite direction
c)
making it fancy
d)
direction
19.
What does the length of the arrow represent (vector)?
a)
how much force
b)
how far
c)
direction
d)
left
20.
How much force and from which direction needs to be added to make this a balanced force?
a)
6N right
b)
9N left
c)
3N left
d)
6N left
21.
The force that pulls falling objects toward Earth is called _______________?
a)

force

b)

gravity

c)

Newton

d)

gravey

22.

Which of the following statements about speed and velocity is correct?

a)

Velocity only describes an object’s rate of motion.

b)

Speed describes how an object is changing its velocity.

c)

Speed and velocity both describe how an object is speeding up.

d)

Only velocity includes the direction an object is traveling.

23.

The tornado is traveling northwest at 20 mph.

a)

speed

b)

velocity

c)

acceleration

d)

momentum

24.

65mi/hr South is an example of...

a)

Speed

b)

Velocity

c)

Acceleration

d)

Direction

25.

A baseball thrown 90 miles per hour toward home plate is an example of ____.

a)

Speed

b)

Velocity

c)

Acceleration

d)

Direction

26.

A truck moving 20 m/s is an example of ...

a)

Speed

b)

Distance

c)

Velocity

d)

Acceleration

27.

A helicopter flies south 200 miles in 2 hours. What is its velocity?

a)

99 mph

b)

100 mph south

c)

400 mph south

d)

297 mph south

28.

What two things must you know to determine speed?

a)

distance and direction

b)

direction and time

c)

speed and direction

d)

time and distance

29.

At what speed would a car have to move in order to travel 20 kilometers in 2 hours.

a)

5 km/hr

b)

10 km/hr

c)

20 km/hr

d)

40 km/hr

30.

What is a reference point?

a)

A place or object that is staying still, that is used to determine if something else is moving.

b)

A place or spot where something is located

c)

The action of moving or being moved

d)

Shortest distance between starting position and ending position

31.
What is the equivalence principle? 
a)
gravity and acceleration are the same thing
b)
constant speed and at rest are the same thing
c)
gravity is curvature of space
d)
gravity and constant velocity are the same thing
32.
Which of these provides the best analogy for what massive objects do to spacetime?  
a)
coat hanger in the closet
b)
bowling ball on a rubber sheet
c)
car driving in a circle
d)
tennis ball in the dryer
33.

During what rare event was General Relativity confirmed?

a)

Halley's Comet

b)

Total Lunar Eclipse

c)
Summer Solstice
d)

Total Solar Eclipse

34.
At rest on the Earth would feel exactly like ______________.  
a)
Being on a rocket in space moving at a constant velocity.
b)
Being on a rocket in space accelerating upwards at 9.8 m/s2
c)
Being on a rocket in space that is at rest.
d)
Being at rest on Jupiter
35.
What is gravitational lensing?
a)
slowing down of time around a black hole
b)
light bending around a massive object
c)
light moving in a straight line around a massive object
d)
light bending as it goes from one medium to another
36.
Finish this phrase "Matter tells spacetime how to curve, spacetime tells matter how to ______"
a)
move
b)
collapse
c)
expand
d)
rest
37.
Which theory explains the geometric description of gravity as a curvature of spacetime around massive bodies? 
a)
Theory of Special Relativity
b)
Law of Universal Gravitation
c)
Theory of General Relativity
d)
Photoelectric Theory 
38.
If you were out in space and wanted to simulate the feeling of Earth's gravity, what would be the best way to do it?
a)
Accelerate upwards at 9.8 m/s2
b)
Travel at a constant velocity
c)
Travel at the escape velocity of Earth
d)
go in orbit around a large star
39.
Which two situations would feel exactly the same?
a)

Accelerating upward on an elevator on Earth; Being at rest in the middle of outer space

b)

At rest on the surface of the Earth; in orbit around the Earth on the Space Station

c)

Free Falling elevator on Earth; in orbit around the Earth on the Space Station

d)

seating on a moving car; waiting on a bus stop

40.

Which best describes why the moon orbits the Earth.... according to General Relativity?

a)

Gravity force from the Earth pulls on the moon

b)

Gravity force from the Earth pushes on the moon

c)

The moon moves around the curvature in spacetime created by the Earth's mass

41.

If you were in spaceship traveling at the speed close to the speed of light (with respect to the earth) you would notice that___________

a)

your pulse rate is different than normal

b)

your mass is different than normal

c)

some of your physical dimensions were smaller than the normal

d)

none of these effects occur

42.

Which of the following is not a consequence of Einstein’s relativity?

a)

Simultaneity

b)

Time Dilation

c)

Length Contraction

d)

Mass decrease

43.

An object of rest mass of 1kg moving at 99.5% of the speed of light. What is its measured mass?

a)

10 kg

b)

1.5 kg

c)

0.1 kg

d)

0.15 kg

44.

Will observers A and B agree on measurements of time if A moves at half the speed of light relative to B?

a)

Observers A and B will agree on the measurement of time and see each other’s time as passing normally.

b)

Observers A and B will not agree on measurement of time.

c)

Observer B will observe the slowing of time in his frame of reference.

d)

No enough data for comparison.

45.

In relativistic point of view, what happen to mass as velocity increases?

a)

mass increases

b)

mass decreases

c)

mass does not change

d)

mass decrease first and then increase

46.
The speed of light (c) =
a)
3 x 108 miles/hour
b)
3 x 108 meters/second
c)
3 x 108 kilometers/hour
d)
none of these
47.
One of the most startling consequences of time dilation is that a moving clock ______________ relative to a stationary observer.
a)

Speeds up

b)

Slows down

48.

If the speed of light were infinite but the postulates of special relativity still held, then

a)

any moving object would have infinite momentum

b)

time dilation would be obvious at low speeds

c)

length contraction would not occur

d)

objects could have negative kinetic energy

49.

A spaceship leaves Earth and maintains a constant force by means of a nuclear engine. As the speed of the spaceship increases, an observer on Earth finds that relative to her the magnitude of the spaceship’s acceleration is

a)

0

b)

decreasing

c)

constant

d)

increasing

50.

If you were to travel at a speed close to the speed of light, you would notice which of the following?

a)

Your mass has increased.

b)

Your pulse rate has decreased.

c)

Your ship has contracted

d)

You would notice none of these effects because you are in an inertial frame.

51.

A difference between the special and general theories of relativity is that

a)

special relativity deals with accelerated system

b)

general relativity deals with accelerated systems

c)

special relativity is valid only in stationary reference frames

d)

general relativity only deals with swiftly moving objects

52.

The purpose of the Michelson-Morley experiment was to

a)

determine the velocity of light

b)

detect possible motion of the Earth relative to the sun

c)

detect possible motion of the sun relative to the ether

d)

detect possible motion of the Earth relative to the ether.

53.

Two identical atomic clocks are made. One is placed in the foothills of the Rocky Mountains at the NIST in Boulder, Colorado, about one mile above the sea level, and the second is flown in a GPS satellite around Earth at about 17,000 mph. Which clock gets ahead of the other?

a)

The clock in orbit

b)

The Boulder clock

c)

Both clocks run at the same rate

d)

E

54.

An object with a nonzero rest mass moving at the speed of light would have

a)

no momentum.

b)

time pass at an infinitely fast rate

c)

infinite volume

d)

infinite apparent mass

55.

Black holes cannot be observed directly, because they emit no light. However, a scientist can hunt for black holes because

a)

a black hole will reflect light.

b)

a black hole will reflect light.

c)

black holes can gravitationally influence the orbits of nearby stars, and those stars can be observed.

d)

magnetic fields cause an emanation of thermal energy in the form of high-speed protons.

56.

An object that appears green in empty space is placed near but not in a black hole. To an observer far from the black hole, the object would appear

a)

red

b)

green

c)

blue

d)

black

57.

In what year did Einstein develop his theory of relativity?

a)

1880

b)

1905

c)

1914

d)

1921

58.

According to Einstein what quantity is subjective and variable?

a)

time

b)

energy

c)

matter

d)

God

59.
Which of the following statements about special relativity is FALSE?
a)
An assumption of special relativity is that the laws of physics are the same in all inertial reference frames.
b)
An assumption of special relativity is that the speed of light is the same in all reference frames.
c)
An assumption of special relativity is that space and time are part of the same thing: spacetime.
d)
An assumption of special relativity is that the laws of the physics are the same in all ‘constant velocity’ reference frames.
60.
What two principles make up the theory of special relativity?
a)
The principle of nuclear forces and the invariance of the speed of light.
b)
The constancy of physical laws and the principle of mass-energy conservation.
c)
The principle of mass-energy conservation and the principle of nuclear forces.
d)
The constancy of physical laws and the invariance of the speed of light.

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