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Enlightenment and Revolutions

Total questions: 79

Worksheet time: 59mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
The idea that places the earth at the center of the universe with the sun and planets orbiting it.
a)
Geocentric Theory 
b)
Scientific Method
c)
Heliocentric Method
d)
Scientific Revolution
2.
Which huge set of books were published in the 1700's?
a)
Harry Potter 
b)
Classical Accounts of World History
c)
Encyclopedia 
d)
Percy Jackson & the Olympians
3.
John Locke belived that people had three natural rights. What are they?
a)
Money, Property, Security
b)
Liberty, Money, Life
c)
Life, Liberty, Property
d)
 Life, Secuirty, Protection
4.
Who described the law of gravity?
a)
Galileo Galilei
b)
Issac Newton
c)
 philosophes
d)
John Locke
5.
What happened in the Mid 1500's?
a)
American Revolution 
b)
Scientific Revolution
c)
 Neolithic Revolution
d)
 Neolithic Revolution
6.
What was a new way of thinking about the natural world based on observation & questions?
a)
Scientific Method
b)
Gravity
c)
Enlightment 
d)
Scientific Revolution
7.
Earlier European painting had been very grand and highly decorated.  What was this style of this art called?
a)
Enlightenment 
b)
Classical
c)
Salons 
d)
Baroque 
8.
 Theory developed by Copernicus that the sun is the center of the universe is called.
a)
Scientific Revolution
b)
Geocentric Theory
c)
Heliocentric Theory
d)
Natural rights
9.
What was the Social Contract?
a)
An agreement on the social reputation of the people living in the area
b)
A contract to change the government 
c)
An agreement between people and their government
d)
A agreement the citizens of an area all decided upon to catoragorize the people into social rankings
10.
In what year did art,painting, architecture, music, and literature move in new directions?
a)
1450s
b)
1600s
c)
1700s
d)
1800s
11.
What is the Heliocentric Theory?
a)
Moon centered
b)
Religious centered
c)
Sun centered
d)
Earth centered
12.
Who was Montesquieu?
a)
French writer concerned with government and political liberty
b)
Enlightment thinker who chmpioned Freedom
c)
Philosopher who wrote about government
d)
Scientist whodiscovered lawsof motion of gravity
13.

What thinkers helped advance the use of the scientific method?

a)

Bacon & Descartes

b)

Galileo & Newton

c)

Jenner & Locke

d)

Montesquieu & Rousseau

14.

The Enlightenment influenced the American & French Revolutions.

a)

True

b)

False

15.

Enlightenment thinkers helped make the world more religious and less worldly.

a)

True

b)

False

16.

Writers and artists held gathering call_____.

a)

Art Expos

b)

Camp Meetings

c)

Museums

d)

Salons

17.

Document declaring American Independence from Britain.

a)

The Federal System

b)

The Bill of Rights

c)

The US Constitution

d)

The Declaration of Independence

18.

During which period did philosophers apply reason and the scientific method to better understand life?

a)

Enlightenment

b)

Renaissance

c)

Middle Ages

d)

Agricultural Revolution

19.

During which period did philosophers apply reason and the scientific method to better understand life?

a)

Enlightenment

b)

Renaissance

c)

Middle Ages

d)

Agricultural Revolution

20.

Which Enlightenment philosopher believed that humans are born with inalienable, natural rights including: life, liberty, and property?

a)

Locke

b)

Voltaire

c)

Rousseau

d)

Napoleon

21.

The heliocentric model of the universe was developed by which person?

a)

Isaac Newton

b)

Nicolaus Copernicus

c)

Francis Bacon

d)

Rene Descartes

22.

What was a major consequence of the American and French revolutions?

a)

Protection of private property encouraged industrialization

b)

Democratic reforms encouraged citizens to participate in government

c)

Belief in equality led to economic reforms

d)

Commitment to territorial expansion led to colonization

23.

Isaac Newton's book Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica introduced the...

a)

theories of atomic structure

b)

explanations of electrical charges

c)

premieres of chemical reactions

d)

universal laws of motion

24.

How did colonists in Spanish America and British North America react to trade restrictions?

a)

They negotiated new agreements with colonial parliaments

b)

They forced colonial governors to repeal unfair laws

c)

They started rebellions to secure economic independence

d)

They amended law established by the monarchies

25.

Which goal did these revolutions have in common?

a)

to eliminate monarchical government

b)

to end aristocratic control of commerce

c)

to create a government to protect individual rights

d)

to inspire rebellions in distant territories of the world

26.

What did the ideas of John Locke, Baron de Montesquieu, and Jean Jacques Rousseau have in common?

a)

The philosophies challenged the traditional role of women

b)

The theories promoted fairness in the criminal justice system

c)

The philosophies inspired the American and French revolutions

d)

The theories encouraged the establishment of absolute monarchs

27.

Which of the following involved a power struggle between the British monarchy and Parliament and eventually led to a "constitutional monarchy" and a "bill of rights"?

a)

Revolution in England

b)

America's Revolution

c)

Latin American Revolutions

d)

Revolution in Haiti

28.

Which of the following did Galileo do? (check all that apply)

a)

first to see space with a telescope

b)

see the moons of jupiter

c)

saw that Venus has phases

d)

saw that the moon was not a perfect sphere

e)

challenged Aristotle and the Church

29.

Which of the following are characteristics of the 3rd Estate? Click on all that apply.

a)

Heavily taxed

b)

Clergy members

c)

Rich nobility

d)

Peasants

30.

The goal of the Enlightenment thinkers was to use the scientific method to keep society the same.

a)

True

b)

False

31.

“The only representatives of the people of these colonies are persons chosen therein by themselves; and that no taxes ever have been, or can be constitutionally imposed on them but by their respective legislatures.”                                                                                                                   -Statement by the Stamp Act Congress, 1765     

What is a valid conclusion that can be drawn from this quotation?

a)

The colonial legislatures should be appointed by the English King with the consent of Parliament.

b)

Only the colonists’ elected representatives should have the power to levy taxes.

c)

The English King should have the right to tax the colonists.

d)

The colonists should be opposed to all taxation.

32.

According to the Declaration of Independence, the people have the right to alter or abolish a government if that government...

a)

is a limited monarchy

b)

violates natural rights

c)

becomes involved in entangling alliances

d)

favors one religion over another

33.

Francis Bacon believed that scientists should...

a)

use reasoning.

b)

develop their own scientific methods.

c)

study philosophy.

d)

rely on ancient authorities.

34.

Choose the ideas John Locke did.

a)

no taxation without representation

b)

life, liberty, and pursuit of happiness

c)

right to overthrow the government

d)

freedom of religion and speech

e)

freely elected governments

35.

Choose the ideas of Montesquieu

a)

Checks and Balances

b)

Freedom of Religion and Speech

c)

Against Slave Trade

d)

Natural Rights

e)

Taxation without Representation

36.

Which is NOT one of the important documents from the Revolutions?

a)

Declaration of the Rights of Man

b)

English Bill of Rights

c)

The Magna Carta

d)

The Articles of Confederation

e)

Declaration of Independence

37.

One similar result of the American and French Revolutions was that in both countries —

a)

the citizens gained more political rights

b)

the wealth of Catholic Church increased

c)

the revolution produced a new social order

d)

the kings were able to maintain absolute power

38.

How did the Enlightenment philosophies, such as the separation of powers, influence the political revolutions of the eighteenth century?

a)

The ideas became the focus of debates between monarchs and parliaments.

b)

The ideas were used to create a series of slogans and mottos to rally the troops.

c)

The ideas were used by monarchs to argue against the changes made by revolutionary leaders.

d)

The ideas became incorporated into constitutional documents produced during the revolutions.

39.

One characteristic of an absolute monarchy includes —

a)

the glorification of the nation by all citizens

b)

a sharing of power between a ruler and a parliament

c)

centralized control of all political processes by the ruler

d)

an elected representative body for passage of legislation

40.

In what way did the Enlightenment further the development of democratic-republican government?

a)

Many Enlightenment philosophers argued for violent revolutions.

b)

Enlightenment thinkers supported the advances made by absolute monarchs.

c)

New ideas about individual rights were introduced during the Enlightenment.

d)

The power of the Catholic Church was strengthened in response to Enlightenment ideas.

41.

Which political philosopher is the likely origin for the ideas included in the excerpt above?

a)

Thomas Hobbes

b)

John Locke

c)

Charles de Montesquieu

d)

Voltaire

42.
Francis Bacon, Galileo, and Isaac Newton promoted the idea that knowledge should be based on
a)
the experiences of past civilizations
b)
experimentation and observation
c)
emotions and feelings
d)
the teachings of the Catholic Church
43.
During the Scientific Revolution and the Enlightenment, one similarity in the work of many scientists and philosophers was that they
a)
relied heavily on the ideas of medieval thinkers
b)
favored an absolute monarchy as a way of improving economic conditions
c)
received support from the Catholic Church
d)
examined natural laws governing the universe
44.
Which statement best describes the effects of the works of Nicolaus Copernicus, Galileo Galilei, Sir Isaac Newton, and René Descartes?
a)
The acceptance of traditional authority was strengthened.
b)
The scientific method was used to solve problems.
c)
Funding to education was increased by the English government.
d)
Interest in Greek and Roman drama was renewed.
45.
“We hold these truths to be self-evident: that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their creator with certain unalienable rights, that among these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness.”
The ideas expressed in the quotation are based primarily on the writings of
a)
Niccolo Machiavelli
b)
Charles Darwin
c)
Charlemagne
d)
  John Locke
46.
Writers of the Enlightenment were primarily interested in
a)
changing the relationship between people and their government
b)
supporting the divine right theory
c)
debating the role of the church in society
d)
promoting increased power for European monarchs
47.
The writings of the Enlightenment philosophers in Europe encouraged later political revolution with their support of
a)
Socialism
b)
Imperialism
c)
the natural rights of man
d)
the divine right monarchies
48.
The writers and philosophers of the Enlightenment believed the government decisions should be based on
a)
fundamental religious beliefs
b)
the concept of divine right of kings
c)
laws of nature and reason
d)
traditional values
49.
John Locke and Jean Jacques Rousseau would be most likely to support
a)
a return to feudalism in Europe
b)
a government ruled by a divine right monarchy
c)
a society ruled by the Catholic Church
d)
a society in which the people chose the ruler
50.
--Man is born free and everywhere he is in chains.
 --Everyone has the natural right to life, liberty, and property.
--Slavery, torture, and religious persecution are wrong.
  During which period in European history would the ideas in these statements have been expressed?
a)
Pax Romana
b)
Age of Exploration
c)
Enlightenment
d)
Age of Imperialism
51.
According to John Locke, a legitimate government is obligated to protect the people’s life, liberty, and property. Collectively, these are known as
a)
checks and balances.
b)
social contract.
c)
divine right.
d)
natural rights.
52.
Baron de Montesquieu greatly influenced the writers of the American Constitution with his ideas about
a)
separation of powers.
b)
natural rights.
c)
social contract.
d)
judicial review.
53.
The Scientific Revolution can be characterized by
a)
a period of relative political stability across Europe because of new alliances among monarchies.
b)
a period of turmoil and conflict between European and Asian nations until the late 1700s.
c)
scientists beginning to question accepted beliefs and make new theories based on experimentation.
d)
scientists attempted to hold on to traditional beliefs about the natural world in order to maintain peace.
54.
Seventeenth-century scholar Galileo Galilei and Rene Descartes faced serious challenges to their scientific theories because their ideas
a)
were based on the Bible.
b)
contradicted traditional medieval European beliefs.
c)
relied on teaching from non-Christian cultures.
d)
were not supported by scientific investigations.
55.
John Locke
a)
Absolute Monarchy
b)
Direct Democracy
c)
Natural Rights
d)
Gender Rights
56.
Thomas Hobbes
a)
Absolute Monarchy
b)
Direct Democracy
c)
Natural Rights
d)
Gender
57.
Voltaire
a)
Gender Rights
b)
Separation of Powers
c)
Freedom of Speech
d)
Rights of the Accused
58.
Baron de Montesquieu
a)
Gender Rights
b)
Separation of Powers
c)
Freedom of Speech
d)
Rights of the Accused
59.

Both the United States Declaration of Independence and the French Declaration of the Rights of Man emphasized the ideas that governments must

a)

protect the rights of people.

b)

operate on a system of checks and balances.

c)

support established religious beliefs.

d)

guarantee economic prosperity.

60.

Unlike the French Revolution, the American Revolution produced

a)

short-term military rule.

b)

women's suffrage.

c)

strategic alliances.

d)

a lasting constitution.

61.

__________________ is the only system of government in which a king or queen is the only source of power.

a)

Democracy

b)

Dictaroship

c)

Absolute Monarchy

d)

Commonwealth

62.

During the Enligthenment, merchantilism was replaced by

a)

command economy

b)

trade and barter systems

c)

free markets and laissez-faire economy.

d)

profitable trading for the mother country.

63.
Who was the main author of the Declaration of Independence?
a)
Benjamin Franklin
b)
Samuel Adams
c)
Thomas Jefferson
d)
Paul Revere
64.

Select all of the branches of the Federal Government.

a)

Judicial Branch

b)

Legislative Branch

c)

Federal Branch

d)

Executive Branch

65.
What famous saying was created by the Sons of Liberty during the resistance against the unjust political British taxation acts?
a)
"Don't Tread on Me!"
b)
"Everybody Love Everybody!"
c)
"Join, or Die!"
d)
"No taxation without representation!"
66.

British author who immigrated to the colonies prior to the start of the war.Wrote the pamphlet,common sense,which urged the colonists to go to war with Great Britain for their Independence

a)

Thomas Paine

b)

Benjamin Franklin

c)

Thomas Jefferson

d)

John Adams

67.
President of the 2nd Continental Congress, first to sign the "Declaration of Independence"
a)
Patrick Henry
b)
Samuel Adams
c)
John Hancock
d)
Thomas Jefferson
68.
Many Americans believed taxation by Parliament was unjust because it
a)
was done without the King’s approval
b)
was done without representation of the colonists
c)
violated he English Bill of Rights
69.
The Boston Tea Party was a significant event in history because it showed
a)
the colonists were willing to take risks to show their anger
b)
there was not enough security in the Boston Harbor
c)
the colonists do not like tea
70.
Explain the significance of the image 
a)
King George’s advertisement for the colonists to join the army and defeat the French
b)
Paul Revere’s warning to the colonists to arm themselves in protection from the British troops
c)
Benjamin Franklin’s encouragement for the colonists to support his plan of unifying
71.
A colonist who wished to remain under the rule of the English King was known as
a)
Minuteman
b)
Patriot
c)
Loyalist
72.
The biggest impact of the Boston Massacre was
a)
the colonists declared their independence directly afterwards
b)
it showed the King that the colonists would boycott English goods
c)
the colonists spread the message that the British were cruel tyrants
73.
“We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty, and the pursuit of Happiness” The above quote reflects which of the following ideas?  
   
 
a)
natural rights
b)
divine rights
c)
mercantilism
74.
Why did the colonists lose the Battle at Lexington against the British? 
a)
The colonists were not expecting the British in Lexington but in Concord. 
b)
Paul Revere and William Dawes warned the British that the colonists had formed a militia.
c)
The British did not have enough ammunition to keep fighting
75.
 Who were the minutemen? 
a)
the colonists who attended the First Continental Congress
b)
 colonists who organized town meetings and boycotts
c)
colonists who quickly prepared to fight British soldiers
76.
The first direct tax that had an impact on the daily lives of the colonists because it taxed items such as newspapers, wills, deeds, letters, and playing cards was the 
a)
Coercive Act
b)
Sugar Act
c)
Stamp Act
77.
The requirement that colonists provide barracks (places to sleep) and certain supplies for British troops was part of the legislation known as the 
a)
Stamp Act
b)
Boston Port Act
c)
Quartering Act 
78.
What were Paul Revere, William Dawes, and Dr. Samuel Prescott sent to do? 
a)
spread the message that the British troops were coming
b)
tell the colonists independence had been declared
c)
work as a committee to write the Declaration of Independence
79.

Paul Revere was the colonist who:

a)

Warned the colonists of the British army’s arrival in Boston

b)

Fired the “shot heard around the world”

c)

Represented North Carolina at the Second Continental Congress

d)

Said “Give me liberty, or give me death!”

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