The ancient romans have discovered that the addition of some volcanic earths to lime gave a product, which hardened under water

(a)  

through experiment, experience and practice, man has made (a)   by blending materials containing calcium, alumina, iron, and silica

suitable for all general uses such as pavement, sidewalks, buildings, bridges, tanks, water pipes, etc.

(a)  

used when the acid or sulfate content of the groundwater or soil is higher than the normal.

(a)  

gains strength faster and develops more heat of hydration than the other portland cements.

(a)  

type that has low heat of hydration

(a)  

this type is used where solids or groundwater have a high sulfate or acid content

(a)  

affects heat released and the rate of hydration

(a)  

refers to the ability of a hardened paste to retain its volume after setting

(a)  

refers to the relative mobility of a freshly mixed cement paste or mortar to its ability to grow.

(a)  

to determine if cement sets according to the time limits specified in ASTM C150, tests are performed using either the vicat apparatus or a gillmore needle

(a)  

paste method, and the ASTM C359, mortar method, is evidence by a significant loss of plasticity without the evolution of much heat shortly after mixing

(a)  

these cubes are made and cured in prescribed manner using standard sand

(a)  

a heat generated when cement and water react

(a)  

is determined by heating the sample of known weight to 900 c to 1000 c until a constant weight is obtained.

(a)  

the (a)   of portland cement is generally 3.15

most portland cements are shipped in bulk by rail, truck, or barge

(a)  

a common name for extra water

(a)  

materials other than cement, water and aggregate used as an ingredient of concrete and added to the batch immediately before or during its mixing.

(a)  

generally liquid that are dispensed by volume

(a)  

reduces the amount of water required to produce a concrete of a given slump or consistency

(a)  

slows down the early hardening concrete

(a)  

admixture speeds up both the initial and the final set, and causes the concrete to develop strength at a faster rate

(a)  

reduces the amount of mixing water required to produce concrete of a given slump and retards the initial set of concrete.

(a)  

reduces the amount of of mixing water required to produce concrete of a given slump by atleast 12% and retards the initial set of concrete

(a)  

these admixtures are typically solid materials that are measured by weight

(a)  

widely used mineral mixture

(a)  

material that is by-product of the production of silicon metals. this material is also referred to as silica fume

(a)