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WorksheetsHEMA2LECP2F
Total questions: 31
Worksheet time: 31mins
If the DNA nucleotide sequence is 59-ATTAGC-39, then the mRNA sequence transcribed from this template is:
59-GCUAAU-39
59-AUUAGC-39
59-TAATCG-39
59-UAAUCG-39
Cells with damaged DNA and mutated or nonfunctioning cell cycle regulatory proteins:
Are arrested in G1 and the DNA is repaired
Continue to divide, which leads to tumor progression
Divide normally, producing identical daughter cells
Go through apoptosis
To start DNA replication, DNA polymerase requires an available 39 hydroxyl group found on the:
Leading strand
mRNA
Parent strand
Primer
Ligase joins Okazaki fragments of the:
59 to 39 template strand
Lagging strand
Leading strand
Primer fragments
A 40-year-old patient enters the hospital with a rare form of cancer caused by faulty cell division regulation. This cancer localized in the patient’s spleen. An ambitious laboratory developed a molecular test to verify the type of cancer present. This molecular test would require patient specimens taken from which two tissues?
Abnormal growths found on the skin and in the bone marrow
Normal splenic tissue and cancerous tissue
Cancerous tissue in spleen and bone marrow
Peripheral blood and cancerous tissue in the spleen
One main difference between PCR and reverse transcriptase PCR is that:
PCR requires primer
PCR uses reverse transcriptase to elongate the primers
Reverse transcriptase PCR uses cDNA as a template
Reverse transcriptase PCR requires liase to amplify the target DNA
Which one of the following statements about gel electrophoresis is FALSE?
The gel is oriented in the chamber with the wells at the positive terminal
A buffer solution is required to maintain the electrical current
The matrix of a polyacrylamide gel is tighter than that of an agarose gel
The larger DNA fragments will be closest to the wells of the gel
In which of the following applications would it be most appropriate to use NGS technology?
Testing for a point mutation in the FV gene
Testing for the BCR-ABL1 translocation in CML
Sequencing a B cell lymphoma genome
Determining the karyotype in AML
One major difference between endpoint PCR and real time is that:
End-point PCR requires thermostavle DNA polymerase, deoxynucleotides, and primers
End-point PCR requires a separate step to detect the amplicons formed in the reaction
Real-time PCR uses capillary gel electrophoresis to detect amplicons during PCR cycling
Real-time PCR detects and quantifies amplicons using cleavage based signal amplification
Which of the following statements about minimal residual disease is TRUE?
Clinical remission of hematologic cancers is determined by molecular techniques such as PCR and flow cytometry.
Real-time quantitative PCR-determined copy number of BCR-ABL1 transcripts will always be lower in molecular remission than in clinical remission.
Qualitative PCR that uses a known copy number of a target sequence is of use in determining minimal residual disease levels
Minimal residual disease assessment can aid physicians in making treatment decisions but does not yet offer insights into prognosis.
G-banding refers to the technique of staining chromosomes:
To isolate those in the G group (ie. chromosome 21 and 22)
In the G0 or resting stage
Using Giemsa stain
To emphasize areas in high in guanine residues
Which of the following compounds is used to halt mitosis in metaphase for chromosome analyses?
Imatinib
Fluorescein
Trypsin
Colchicine
One arm of a chromosome has 30 bands. Which band would be nearest the centromere?
Band 1
Band 15
Band 30
Band 45
Which of the following types of mutations would likely not be detectable with cytogenetic banding techniques
Point mutation resulting in a single amino acid substitution
Transfer of genetic material from one chromosome to another
Loss of genetic material from a chromosome that does not appear on any other chromosome
Duplication of a chromosome resulting in 3n of that genetic material
Which of the following describes a chromosomal deletion
Point mutation resulting in a single amino substitution
Transfer of genetic material from one chromosome to another
Loss of genetic material from a chromosome that does not appear on any other chromosome
Duplication of a chromosome resulting in 3n n that genetic material
The chromosome analysis perfomed on a patient's leukemic cells is reported as 47,XY,14 del(5)(q31)[20]
The patient's cells have which of the following mutations?
Loss of the entire 31 chromosome
Loss of the entire 5 chromosome
Loss of a portion of the short arm of chromosome 4
Loss of a portion of the long arm of chromosome 5
The chromosome analysis perfomed on a patient's leukemic cells is reported as 47,XY,14 del(5)(q31)[20]
What other mutation is present in this patient's cells?
Polypoidy
Tetraploidy
An extra chromosome 4
Four copies of chromosome 5
The chromosome analysis perfomed on a patient's leukemic cells is reported as 47,XY,14 del(5)(q31)[20]
This patient's leukemic cells demonstrate:
Structural chromosomal defects only
Numeric chromosomal defects only
Both structural and numeric chromosomal defects
Neither structural and numeric chromosomal defects
The chromosome analysis perfomed on a patient's leukemic cells is reported as 47,XY,14 del(5)(q31)[20]
Aneuploidy describes the total chromosome number:
That is multiple pf the haploid number
That reflects a loss or gain of a single chromosome
That is diploid but has a balanced deletion and duplication of whole chromosomes
In gametes; diploid is the number in somatic cells
According to the WHO classification, except in leukemias with specific genetic anomalies, the minimal percentage of blasts necessary for a diagnosis of acute leukemia is:
10%
20%
30%
50%
A 20-year-old patient has an elevated WBC count with 70% blasts, 4% neutrophils, 5% lymphocytes, and 21% monocytes in the peripheral blood. Eosinophils with dysplastic changes are seen in the bone marrow. AML with which of the following karyotypes would be most likely to be seen?
AML with t(8;21)(q22;q22)
AML with t(16;16)(p13;q22)
APL with PML-RARA
AML with t(9;11)(p22;q23)
Which of the following would be considered a sign of potentially favorable prognosis in children with ALL?
Hyperdiploidy
Presence of CD19 and CD20
Absence of trisomy 8
Presence of BCR/ABL gene
Signs and symptoms of cerebral infiltration with blasts are more commonly seen in:
AML with recurrent cytogenetic abnormalities
Therapy related myeloid neoplasms
AML with myelodysplasia related changes
ALL
An oncology patient exhibiting signs of renal failure with seizures after initial chemotherapy may potentially develop
Hyperleukocytosis
Tumor lysis syndrome
Acute leukemia secondary to chemotherapy
Myeloodysplasia
Disseminated intravascular coagulation is more often seen in association with leukemia characterized by which of the following mutations?
t(12;21)(p13;q22)
t(9;22)(q34;q11.2)
inv(16)(p13;q22)
t(15;17)(q22;q12)
Which of the following leukemias affects primarily children, is characterized by an increase in monoblasts and monocytes, and often is associated with gingival and skin involvement?
Pre B lymphoblasic leukemia
Pure erythroid leukemia
AML with t(9;11)(p22; q23)
APL with PML-RARA
A 20-year-old patient presents with fatigue, pallor, easy bruising, and swollen gums. Bone marrow examination reveals 82% cells with delicate chromatin and prominent nucleoli that are CD141, CD41, CD11b1, and CD361. Which of the following acute leukemias is likely?
Minimally differentiated lleukemia
Leukemia of ambigous llineage
Acute monoblastic/ monocytic leukemia
Acute megakaryoblastic leukemia
Pure erythroid leukemia is a disorder involving:
Pronormoblasts only
Pronormoblasts and basophilic normoblasts
All forms of developing RBC precursors
Equal numbers of pronormoblasts and myloblasts
A patient with normal chromosomes has a WBC count of 3.0 x 109 /L and dysplasia in all cell lines. There are 60% blasts of varying sizes. The blasts stain positive for CD61. The most likely type of leukemia is:
Acute lymphoblastic
Acute megakaryoblastic
Acute monoblastic
APL with PML-RARA
SBB stains which of the following component of cells?
Glycogen
Lipids
Structural proteins
Enzymes
The cytochemical stain a-naphthyl butyrate is a nonspecific esterase stain that shows diffuse positivity in cells of which lineage?
Erythroid
Monocytic
Granukicytic
Lymphoid
