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physio exam 3: blood part 2

Total questions: 75

Worksheet time: 42mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Cytoplasmic fragments of megakaryocytes

a)

WBC

b)

platelets

c)

plasma

d)

RBC

2.

granules in platelets contain serotonin, Ca, enzymes, ADP and platelet-derived growth factor that all aid in

a)

blood clotting

b)

inflamaation

c)

lymph production

3.

Platelets form a ______ plug that helps seal breaks in blood vessels.

a)

permanent

b)

temporary

4.

What keeps circulating platelets inactive and mobile?

a)

macrophages

b)

RBC

c)

nitric oxide (NO)

d)

prostacyclin

5.

Vasodilator

a)

NO (nitric oxide)

b)

prostacyclin

6.

come from endothelial cells lining blood vessels

a)

nitric oxide (NO)

b)

prostacyclin

7.

How long do platelets last before degredation?

a)

15 days

b)

90 days

c)

10 days

d)

30 days

8.

platelet formation is regulated by

a)

NO

b)

prostacyclin

c)

thrombopoietin

d)

potassium

9.

to "stop blood flow"

a)

thrombo

b)

hemostasis

c)

platelets

10.

A fast series of reactions for stopping bleeding.

a)

hemostasis

b)

not this

11.

hemostasis requires

a)

sustances released by platelets

b)

clotting factors

c)

WBCs

d)

RBCs

12.

What is the order for the steps of hemostasis?

a)

vascular spasm

b)

platelet plug formation

c)

coagulation (blood clotting)

1)
2)
3)
13.

Platelet activation is _____ feedback.

a)

negative

b)

positive

14.

the part of hemostasis that involves vasoconstriction.

a)

platelet plut

b)

coagulation

c)

vascular spasm

15.

What does vascular spasms trigger?

a)

direct injury to vascular smooth muscle

b)

chemicals released by endothelial cells & platelets

c)

pain reflexes

d)

vasodilation

16.

vascular spasms are most effective in ___ blood vessels.

a)

smaller

b)

larger

17.

Platelet plug formation is a ____ feedback system.

a)

negative

b)

positive

18.

Damaged endothelium exposes _____

a)

adipose tissue

b)

collagen fibers

c)

calcium

19.

Plasma protein that that allows platelets to stick to collagen fibers.

a)

albumin

b)

von Willebrand factor

c)

chylomicron

20.

von Willebrand factor is a plasma protein

a)

True

b)

False

21.

When platelets stick to collagen fibers they

a)

swell

b)

become spiked and sticky

c)

release chemical messengers

d)

become round and smooth

22.

What causes more platelets to stick together and release their contents?

a)

ADP

b)

ATP

23.

Serotonin and thromboxane A2 enhance vascular spasm and platelet aggregation

a)

True

b)

False

24.

During coagulation, the platelet plug is reinforced with

a)

albumin

b)

fibrin threads

c)

collagen

25.

When blood transformed from liquid to gel.

a)

platelet plug formation

b)

Coagulation

c)

Vascular spasm

26.

This phase hemostasis involves a series of reactions using clotting factors (procoagulants).

a)

coagulation

b)

platelet plug

c)

vascular spasm

27.

Procoagulants are

a)

collagen

b)

calcium ions

c)

platelets

d)

clotting factors

28.

Which vitamin is need to synthesize 4 of the clotting factors?

a)

A

b)

D

c)

K

d)

E

29.

Put the 3 phases of coagulation in order.

a)

prothrombin activator formed

b)

prothrombin is converted to thrombin

c)

thrombin catalyzes fibrinogen to fibrin

1)
2)
3)
30.

Prothrombin activator is only formed in the intrinsic pathway.

a)

True

b)

False

31.

Coagulation phase I is usually initiated by both intrinsic and extrinsic pathways

a)

True

b)

False

32.

What triggers prothrombin activator?

a)

vessel dilation

b)

low blood volume

c)

tissue-damaging events

d)

high O2 concentration

33.

both pathways to prothrombin activator cascade toward ____

a)

factor IV

b)

factor X

c)

factor II

d)

factor XII

34.

Factor X complexes with Ca, PF3 and Factor V.

a)

True

b)

False

35.

what makes up prothrombin activator?

a)

Ca

b)

PF3

c)

Factor V

d)

K

36.

What are the 2 pathways to prothrombin activator?

a)

Intrinsic pathway

b)

Extrinsic pathway

37.

the ___ pathway is initiated from the blood vessel itself.

a)

intrinsic

b)

extrinsic

38.

endothelial lining damage triggers the ___ pathway.

a)

intrinsic

b)

extrinsic

39.

The intrinsic pathway uses factors from

a)

the epithelia

b)

within the blood

c)

the exposed air

40.

Which pathway is faster?

a)

intrinsic

b)

extrinsic

41.

Which two factors trigger the extrinsic pathway?

a)

epithelial factor

b)

factor V

c)

tissue factor (TF)

d)

factor III

42.

Which pathway is MORE complex?

a)

intrinsic

b)

extrinsic

43.

Which pathway is LESS complex?

a)

intrinsic

b)

extrinsic

44.

Both intrinsic and extrinsic pathways converge at ____

a)

factor V

b)

Tissue factor (TF)

c)

Factor II

d)

Factor X

45.

Which is the activated form of factor X?

a)

X

b)

Xa

46.

Xa activates ____

a)

Factor V

b)

Factor II

c)

Factor XII

47.

Which three factors will result in prothrombin activator?

a)

Ca

b)

PF3

c)

Va

48.

only the extrinsic pathway will result in prothrombin activator.

a)

True

b)

False

49.

The ultimate result of phase I in coagulation is

a)

ang II

b)

thrombin

c)

prothrombin activator

d)

calcium influx

50.

Which best summerizes the result of phase 2 of coagulation?

a)

intrinsic and extrinsic pathways resulting in prothrombin activator

b)

prothrombin --> thrombin

c)

fibrinogen ---> fibrin

51.

What catalyzes the transformation of prothrombin to thrombin?

a)

prothrombin activator

b)

factor X

c)

Calcium

d)

PF3

52.

Which is the active form of the enzyme?

a)

prothrombin

b)

thrombin

53.

how long does it take to form a clot after the prothrombin activator is formed?

a)

1 to 2 hours

b)

15 minutes

c)

35 seconds

d)

10-15 seconds

54.

What is the ultimate result of phase 3 of coagulation?

a)

collagen

b)

fibrin mesh

c)

prothrombin activator

d)

calcium influx

55.

What converts soluble fibrinogen to fibrin?

a)

prothrombin

b)

thrombin

56.

thrombin converts ____ to ____.

a)

fibrinogen --> fibrin

b)

prothrombin --> thrombin

c)

factor X --> prothrombin activator

57.

what forms structural basis of clot?

a)

adipose tissue

b)

calcium

c)

fibrin

58.

Thrombin with Ca activators factor ____

a)

I

b)

V

c)

XIII

d)

X

59.

Factor XIII does what?

a)

strengthens and stabilizes clot

b)

cross links fibrin

c)

turns blood from gel to liquid

60.

Clot retraction stabilizes clot.

a)

True

b)

False

61.

What retracts within platelets?

a)

collagen

b)

fibrin

c)

actin and myosin

62.

how long does it take for actin and myosin to contract the blood clot?

a)

2 hours

b)

10-15 seconds

c)

30-60 minutes

d)

5-10 minutes

63.

contraction of clot pulls on fibrin strands and squeezes serum from clot.

a)

True

b)

False

64.

Cloth retraction draws blood vessels closer together

a)

True

b)

False

65.

Stimulates division of smooth muscle cells and fibroblasts to rebuild blood vessel wall.

a)

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)

b)

platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)

66.

Stimulates endothelial cells to multiply and restore endothelial lining

a)

Platelet derived growth factor (PDGF)

b)

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)

67.

Removes unneeded clots after healing.

a)

fibrinolysis

b)

not this

68.

Converts plasminogen to plasmin

a)

tPA (tissue plasminogen activator)

b)

prothrombin activator

c)

factor XII

d)

thrombin

69.

plasmin is a fibrin-digesting enzyme

a)

True

b)

False

70.

plasmin breaks down fibrin mesh

a)

True

b)

False

71.

tPA is given to stroke patients to break down clot and restore blood flow.

a)

True

b)

False

72.

two mechanisms limit clot size.

a)

swift removal and dilution of clotting factors

b)

inhibition of activated clotting factors

73.

antithrombin III inactivates unbound thrombin

a)

True

b)

False

74.

Heparin enhances antithrombin III

a)

T

b)

F

75.

study slide 14-27

a)

yes

b)

no

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