A literary device in which the intended meaning of a word of situation is opposite to its literal or expected meaning

The emotional or intellectual response created in the reader due to the events of a narrative

The struggle between 2 opposing forces in a story. Ex: man v. man; man v. self

A sudden shift in a story's timeline to a previous event, providing context or depth

the specific time and place in which a story unfolds

The contrast between two characters to highlight their differences and emphasize certain traits

the main message or central concept that an author conveys through a piece of writing

the intentional placement of opinion by the author to connect examples to the controlling idea

a brief, concise overview that captures the main points of a longer text

a viewpoint or judgement that is based on personal feelings rather than on evidence or reasoning

the events that lead to a certain outcome or situation

concrete information that supports or elaborates on the main ideas of a text

the author's perspective or stance from which a story is told

words, phrases, or sentences that support or justify arguments or interpretations in a text

a statement that is commonly believed to be true but lacks proper evidence or support

a character's reason or incentive for their actions, which drives the plot forward

information or data that can be proven and is not influenced by personal feelings or interpretations

hints or clues in a story that suggest future events, building anticipation for the reader

A statement that contradicts itself or seems logically absurd, yet may reveal deeper truths.