a scientist who studies past human life by analyzing fossils and artifacts

an object made by humans from a past culture

a groups way of life, including types of food, shelter, clothing language, religion, behavior, and ideas

the remains of organisms that lived long ago

a long period of hot dry weather

a strip of land connecting two landmasses

the large animals of a particular region, habitat, or geological period

the movement from one place to another

a fertile place with water in a desert

the application of knowledge, tools , and inventions to meet people's needs

the practice of growing plants and rearing animals for food

the raising of plants and animals to make them useful to humans

encouraging the growth of crops and plants

a human who hunts animals and gathers wild plants to eat

a person who moves from place to place

an unwritten account of events often passed down through the generation as stories or songs

an artifact or piece of writing that was created by someone who witnessed or lived through a historical event

an artifact or writing created after an event by someone who did not see it or live during the time when it occurred

a group of families that shares a common ancestor

relating to descendants traced through the mother

the process by which cultures interact and ideas spread from one area to another

a place from which new ideas, practices, and technology spread

a type of corn first domesticated by early Mesoamericans

the science of obtaining metals in their natural form and preparing them for use

a main crop produced in a specific place

more than is required or necessary; extra

a society with a highly developed culture and technology

the belief in and worship of one or more gods and goddesses

a place of worship

a political, economic, and cultural center with a large population

an organization set up to make and enforce rules in a society

the practice of organizing and storing information

a professional writer who recorded official information

a person who performs a job other than farming, such as metalworking or toolmaking

the exchange of goods