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WorksheetsMEDICAL LABORATORY TECHNICAL COURSE HOSPITAL BENTONG 2023
Total questions: 36
Worksheet time: 20mins
The following are desired criteria for IQC material EXCEPT:
Levels of IQC should span the clinically relevant concentrations of the analyte.
Convenient size of aliquots/vials can be prepared.
IQC material should NOT mimic the composition of patient samples.
Ready to use and require minimum preparation
The following are true regarding assigning an IQC range EXCEPT:
Initially, a minimum of 20 data points, ideally from 20 separate days should be used.
Values should be reviewed once data from longer-term stable operation has been obtained
The acceptable range of IQC values (2SD/3SD, etc) should be determined based on the required quality of the assay
Failed IQC values should be excluded from the cumulative data.
The following are examples of RANDOM error EXCEPT:
Pipetting error
Reagent lot bias
Electrical interference
Detector variation
The 2015 Milan Mandated Quality Hierarchy includes which of the following:
Goals based on analytical performance related to clinical outcomes
Goals based on biological variation
Expert group opinions
EQA/PT goals
What is the formula for calculating sigma metric?
(TEa/Bias) – CV
(TEa – CV) / Bias
TEa / (Bias –CV)
(TEa – Bias) / CV
The sigma metric can be used to:
Identify assays that require improvement (and those that do not)
Define the required quality of an assay
Determine the optimal IQC rules for an assay
Provide guidance on the frequency of IQC required
The appropriate reaction to an IQC rejection should be to:
stop analysis & troubleshoot the problem
correct the error
document the error that occurred and the corrective actions taken
document the error that occurred and the corrective actions taken
The formula for Reference Change Value (RCV) is:
21/2 Z (CVA2 + CVI2)1/2
3.77 * (CVA2 + CVI2)1/2
21/2 Z (CVA12 + CVA22)1/2
3.77 * (CVA12 + CVA22)1/2
The following are characteristics of Moving Average QC:
Continuous QC monitoring
Risk of non-commutability
Multiple QC levels
Controls pre-analytical & analytical phases
The following are TRUE regarding IQC within a laboratory network:
Protocols need to be standardised, including IQC material used, frequency of IQC and how target and range values are assigned.
Liaison with the manufacturer is required to coordinate reagent and IQC lot changes across sites
Variation in assay performance is completely eliminated when the same analysers and methods are used across different sites.
Regular review of assay performance across the network is required to ensure assay quality classifications remain appropriate.
Which of the following analyte(s) is/ are affected by haemolysis? Select all that applies.
Potassium
Total Protein
Lactate dehydrogenase
Albumin
What factor(s) contribute(s) to gelatinous serum in BD Vacutainer® SST™ II Advance tube? Select all that applies.
Centrifugation setting at 1300g for 10 minutes
Insufficient mixing of tube during blood collection
Leaving the tube for 20 minutes to clot before centrifugation
Physical check on the sample for complete clotting
Which of the following statement(s) is/ are true regarding tube clotting time?
Shorter clotting time will cause fibrin formation.
If fibrin is observed in the tube, sample can be left in the tube and recentrifuged once clotting is completed.
The clotting time is the same of all patients irregardless of their clinical history
The clotting time is standardized across all types of tubes irregardless of presence of gel and type of additive.
Which parameters will be affected by underfilled BD Vacutainer® EDTA tube?
WBC B. PLT C. RBC D. MCV
PLT
RBC
MCV
Which of the following is TRUE regarding BD Vacutainer® Citrate tube?
Underfilled tubes may cause prolongation in clotting time
Overfilled tubes may cause shortened clotting time
The acceptable fill volume according to CLSI guideline is ± 10% of nominal fill volume.
The fill indicator on the tube represents the nominal fill volume. Fill volume of sample slightly below the line is acceptable.
Verification / performance check frequency for micropipette?
3 Months
6 Months
What is Calibration?
is a set of operations which establish, under specified conditions , the relationship between values indicated by measuring instrument or measuring system, or value represented by a material measure, and the corresponding known values of a measurand
is a set of operations which can be performed at any condition by anyone
What is performance check?
is a measurement of at least 5 points in a range of a measuring instrument or systemor material against a known value to confirm that it has not deviated significantly from its original calibrated value.
is a measurement of at least 10 points in a range of a measuring instrument or systemor material against a known value to confirm that it has not deviated significantly from its original calibrated value.
is a measurement of at least one point in a range of a measuring instrument or systemor material against a known value to confirm that it has not deviated significantly from its original calibrated value.
is a measurement of at least 3 points in a range of a measuring instrument or systemor material against a known value to confirm that it has not deviated significantly from its original calibrated value.
Atleast how many temperature points need to be tested for thermometer verification?
1 point
2 points
Allowable tolerance limit for Timer is +/-5second. Yes or No?
Yes
No
IQC for a period of time provide a realistic estimate of random or systemic error?
Random
Systemic
A reading of 5 g/L and 8 g/L with MU of +- 3g/L. Is both results the same or significantly different?
Significantly different
Same
A reading of 6 g/L with cutoff of 4 g/L and MU of +-4 g/L. Is the result below cutoff, above cut off or undetermine?
Below cutoff
Above cut off
Undetermine
What is the formula for standard expanded uncertainty?
U = SD x 4
U = SD x 3
U = SD
U = SD x 2
Where do we get our TEa biological variation?
What should you do when you failed your MU?
identify components of total analytical error and assessed opportunities to minimize or consider change of step/method
reduce or lower the TEa
remove accepted but deviated IQC data and recalulate again
WHAT IS THE FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLE ON WHICH CENTRIFUGES OPERATE?WHAT IS THE FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLE ON WHICH CENTRIFUGES OPERATE?
Electromagnetic induction
Centrifugal force
Frictional force
Magnetic attraction
WHY IS IT IMPORTANT TO PROPERLY BALANCE THE SAMPLES IN A CENTRIFUGE ROTOR?
To prevent spills
To ensure accurate temperature control
To avoid vibration and uneven separation
To reduce power consumption
WHAT IS THE PURPOSE OF CENTRIFUGE CALIBRATION?
To clean the rotor
To adjust the lighting
To align the samples
To ensure accurate speed and timer settings
WHICH SAFETY FEATURES ARE IMPORTANT TO PREVENT ACCIDENTS DURING CENTRIFUGE OPERATION?
Built-in camera
Automatic sample loading
Lid locking mechanism
Voice recognition system
WHAT IS THE UNIT COMMONLY USED TO MEASURE ROTATIONAL SPEED IN CENTRIFUGES?
Miles per hour (mph)
Hertz (Hz)
Revolutions per minute (RPM)
Newtons (N)
DURING CENTRIFUGE VERIFICATION, WHAT ARE CONTROL SAMPLES USED FOR?
Testing the rotor balance
Measuring the temperature
Confirming the accuracy of the process
Checking the electrical connections
WHY SHOULD A TACHOMETER BE USED DURING CENTRIFUGE CALIBRATION?
To measure the sample weight
To monitor the temperature
To measure the rotational speed independently
To adjust the timer settings
WHAT ARE THE PARTS OF THE CENTRIFUGE THAT NEED TO BE CHECKED PROPERLY TO AVOID VIBRATION AND SAMPLE SEPARATION?
Timer display
Power cord
Rotor balance and alignment
Safety goggles
WHY SHOULD SAFETY BE FOLLOWED WHEN OPERATING A CENTRIFUGE?
To prevent damage to the centrifuge
To reduce the noise produced by the centrifuge
To increase the speed of centrifugation
To prevent accidents and ensure personal safety
WHAT IS A COMMON PARAMETER THAT CAN BE ADJUSTED ON A CENTRIFUGE TO CONTROL THE SEPARATION PROCESS?
Sample color
Ambient temperature
Sample volume
Speed setting
