Greek word meaning love

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Greek word meaning wisdom

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The Greeks referred to Philosophy as

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Investigation is systematic

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Follows certain steps or procedures

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Organized body of knowledge

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Investigates things by natural capacity to think or simply, human reason alone or the so-called unaided reason

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Philosopher studies human beings, society, religion, language, God, and plants, among other concerns

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A philosopher does not limit himself to a particular object of inquiry

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Philosopher questions almost anything, if not anything

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Answers the question why

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Coined natural light of reason

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Involves speculated and abstract questions that are not always testable or measurable

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Whatever is is; and whatever is not is not; everything is what it is

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Everything should be identical to itself and not someone/something else

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Philosophy encompasses a wide range of inquiry

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It is impossible for a thing to be and not to be at the same time

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A thing/entity can’t possess two properties

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A thing is either is or not is; everything must be either be or not be

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Between being and not being, there is no middle ground possible

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Only two options/choices

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Nothing exist without a sufficient reason for its being and existence

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“Wonder is the only beginning of philosophy.”

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“For men were first led to study philosophy, as indeed they are today, by wonder. Now, he who is perplexed and wonders believes himself to be ignorant… they took to philosophy to escape ignorance…”

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Where did western philosophy originate?

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He devoted himself to the study of the causes of natural phenomena

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460 BCE TO 370 BCE

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Student of socrates

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He wrote down his mentor’s teaching and incorporated some of his own ideas into them

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427 BCE TO 347 BCE

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What method is plato known for?

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An institution of higher learning. Plato’s lasting contribution to learning

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He attended the Academy and was a prominent student of PLATO

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384 BCE to 322 BCE

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He was considered the foremost philosophers of ancient times

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Method that Socrates formulated

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Greek philosopher who made important developments in mathematics, astronomy, and the theory of music

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Theorem known to the Babylonians 1000 years earlier

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Beleived that philosophy could enable a man to live a life of hapiness

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Method with two opposing arguements or contrasting viewpoints

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Method using a series of questions to probe for answers

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Core philosopher

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Deals with questions regarding reality and existence

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Meaning after or beyond physical things

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Abstract concepts only exist in non physical realm

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Abstract concepts from product of human thought

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Associates reality with ideas in the mind rather than material things

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What society believes as true

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Abstract concepts, general terms, or universals do not exist independently. They only exist as names

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Classical thought experiment ov philosophical perspectives

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The ship is still the same ship even if all parts have been replaced

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Gives importance to character rather than parts

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The ship is not the same ship if all parts have been replaced

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Study of the nature and means of human knowledge

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To answer “Where am I?”

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Deals with acquisition of knowledge

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Sensory experience

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Considers knowledge attained by sensory experience as the primary

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There are no innate ideas from when we were born and all knowledge comes from experience

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Knowledge is a priori

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We already have innate ideas accessed through reflection or introspection

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Rationalist

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Value in use

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Knowledge we are able to apply in real life is most valuable

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Pragmatists

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EMPIRICIST

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Science and art of correct thinking and reasoning

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To answer “How do I know it?”

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Greek word for Logic

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Deals with human actions being good or bad, right or wrong, acceptable or not, justifiable or not,…

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Deals with the nature of art/objective judgement of beauty

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Deals with the principles of a proper social system

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Deals with the principles of a proper social system

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Uses reason to arrive at a certain knowledge or truth

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Philosophy was born because of (a)  

A philosopher is like a child who has an (a)   mind who never stopd asking questions and finding answers

Influenced by curiosity and sense of wonder

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Only requires simple thinking to answer

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Influenced by our experiences and circumstances

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Influenced to search for meaningful answers

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Highest level of questioning

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A method of philosophical arguements involving a contradictory process between opposing sides

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process of thinking about something in a logical way in order to form a conclusion or judgement

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General or universal arguement to specific or particular argument- conclusion. (General —> specific)

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Begins with a particular or specific statement to universal or general argument. (Specific —> General)

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Considers the “bigger picture” when dealing with a particular situation or problem

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Considers not only one, but all perspectives

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“The whole is greater that its parts”

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Holds the idea where a part cannot determine a whole system because the relationships or connections of parts are independent of the whole. Only the whole can determine its parts

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Asserts that “complex systems and patterns arise out of a multiplicity of relatively simple interactions”.

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Considers the parts rather than the whole when dealing with a particular situation or problem

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He argued that “The world is like a machine, its pieces are like clockwork mechanisms, and that the machine could be understood by taking its pieces apart, studying them, and then putting them back together to see the larger picture”

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Affirms that “a complex system is nothing but the sum of its parts and that an account of it can be reduced to accounts of individual constituents”.

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There is mo such thing as a whole, only small parts that behave in various ways

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