Refers to the more specific elements ‘under’ a ______ For example, if the ________ was red, then crimson, scarlet and vermillion would be _________.

Refers to a word that has the same form but two different meanings. For example, the word reserved can mean someone who is shy as well as the act of holding a room, table or place for someone.

Refers to a word with a similar meaning as another. For example, huge and massive are considered _________ of big.

Refers to a word with the opposite meaning to another. For example,

hot is an _______ of cold.

Refers to the use of an attribute to refer to the thing or concept. For

example, if a newspaper reported, ‘The word from Number 10 is...’

they are using the address of the Prime Minister as a metonym for the government.

Where the meaning of a word becomes more positive over time. For example, cool simply referred to a temperature but now is seen as a positive adjective describing something that is on trend or good

Where the meaning of a word becomes less positive

over time. For example, the word villain simply referred to someone

of low class and lived in the country, drawn from a synonym for

villager. However, over time the word has become associated with

evil and cruel actions

Where the original meaning of a word expands to encompass more ideas. 

For example, the word holiday is derived from holy day, a time when people would stop work and observe religious practices. It has _________ to refer to any break from work or other occupation.

Where the original meaning of a word was much broader but has become more precise over time.

For example, the word deer is derived from an Old English word

that simply meant small creatures. It has _________ to refer to a

specific type of creature

Where the original power or load of a word becomes reduced over time. 

For example, the emotive power behind the word dead has been _______ by it becoming an intensifier e.g. dead tired, dead boring.

Refers to the associated meanings of a word that go beyond their literal definition. 

For example, using the word swarm to describe the

movements of people conveys negative _________ because it is

associated with insects and pests.

Refers to two or more words that typically go together as a set phrase.

For example, bread and butter, tea and biscuits, pay attention.