Which best describes a summary?

Summaries help me...

What is the difference between retelling and summarizing?

It started when they got to the bears. Peter felt tired and his stomach hurt. He dragged himself over to see the elephants, which were eating from a stack of hay. Normally, the elephants were his favorite. Without much interest, Peter followed his classmates to the camels, which were busy swatting flies with their tails. Peter knew he should be having fun at the zoo, but he just felt terrible and all he wanted to do was lie down and rest. Even the lions and tigers did not interest him now. 
The Summary of this passage is:

Julie watched the ants as they carried small crumbs down the trail to the anthill. She thinks ants are very hard working and industrious little creatures. They always seemed busy, and you never saw an ant just laying around doing nothing. They were carrying food, building tunnels, or defending the anthill. One thing you could say about ants is that they sure aren't lazy.
The Summary of this passage is:
 

Johnny really wanted an adventure. He borrowed his friend's bike and explored the world. He saw many amazing things and had a lot of fun. Johnny was so glad he went on his trip! What is the best summary for this paragraph?

Sally had a birthday party at her house. She invited lots of friends. They all brought her a present to open. She was excited to share cupcakes with her friends. She thanked everyone for coming before they went home. What is the best summary for this paragraph?

When some people think about Texas, they think of cowboys on the open range-herding cattle up a dusty trail. However, Texas has much more than open prairie with large herds of cows. There are the mountains of West Texas, the piney hills of east Texas, and the emerald waters off the coast of Padre Island. Texas also has large coastal harbors with numerous sailboats, powerboats, inland lakes, rivers, swamps of southeast Texas with alligators and other exotic wildlife.
The Summary of this passage is:

Which one of the following is NOT a part of a summary?

What is a summary?

Read the following passage and then answer the question.
There are five teams of students in the fifth grade. The blue team has math first period, and the red team has science. The yellow team gets to go outside early in the morning, while the green team goes to music. Only students on the orange team get to play games first period. Each student wears a nametag with his or her color, so that the teachers and students all know where a student should be.

Read the following passage and then answer the question.
The Elk River flows from the far northern part of the state all the way to the southern tip. All kinds of animals rely on it for drinking water, people eat the fish they catch in it, and farmers in the state depend on it for irrigating their crops. Since there is very little rain in this state, the Elk River gives animals and humans the water they need to stay alive. Even though the river is not nearly the biggest in the nation, it is very important to the people and animals that live near it.

Read the following passage and then answer the question.
Books lay in the middle of his floor. Several broken toys were shoved halfway under the bed, and dirty clothes were everywhere. Frank's parents kept telling him to clean his room, but it never seemed to get clean. In fact, if Frank did manage to clean part of it, the rest of the room just got messier. In one corner of the room was an old peanut butter and jelly sandwich, and an open bag of potato chips was thrown on the dresser.

Read the following passage and then answer the question.
Math didn't make much sense to Cathy. She always got area and perimeter mixed up and she had no idea what a right angle was. Last quarter she failed math, and this quarter wasn't any better. As long as she could remember, math had been hard for Cathy. She did fine in reading and science, but not math. Now she was working on her math homework, but she didn't know how to do most of it. Who invented math, anyway!

Everyone knows that thousands of athletes compete in the Olympic Games and that hundreds of thousands of visitors attend.  But did you know that about 60,000 more people work to make the Olympics run smoothly?  Some of these workers are paid, but thousands of others are volunteers.  All of them have to be trained for their job.  These workers do everything from sweeping up litter to escorting competitiors to selling tickets to announcing winners. Which title best summarizes this paragraph?

What does it take to be a survivor?  Gary Paulsen knows.  This well-known writer had a difficult childhood and left home at age fourteen.  He worked with a carnival, on a farm, on a ranch and as a truck driver. He's also been a teacher, editor and singer. Today, Paulsen receives more than 400 letters a day from readers who identify with the struggles of the main character in his award-winning books, Hatchet, Brian's Winter and The River.  When he's not writing, Paulsen enjoys sailing and adventure.  Which title best summarizes this paragraph?

Sailors have always needed lighthouses to warn them of dangerous conditions. The first tower that was built for such a purpose was at the entrance to Port Alexandria, a long-ago capital of ancient Egypt.  The tower, called Pharos, was very large.  It was so impressive a structure that it was known as one of the seven wonders of the ancient world. Fire beacons burning on the tower helped ships navigate through the treacherous waters approaching the city. Which title best summarizes this paragraph?

At one time, people thought that blowing dust was the way to clean.  Then in the 1870s Hubert Booth, an engineer, tried placing a handkerchief between his mouth and a couch and sucking in.  The film of dirt on the other side of the handkerchief suggested that suctioning in dirt was the way to clean.  Booth designed fans that sucked dust into pillow cases.  He even sold some to the Queen of England.  About thirty years later, the Hoover Company came out with an upright suctioning machine on rollers.  The rest is vacuum cleaner history.  Which title best summarizes this paragraph?