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Year 8 Earth Science

Total questions: 81

Worksheet time: 1hrs 5mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
A type of rock that forms from the cooling of molten rock at or below the surface of the Earth
a)
Igneous Rock
b)
Metamorphic Rock
c)
Sedimentary Rock
d)
Chemical Rock
2.
Igneous rock that forms from lava on Earth's surface
a)
Organic Rock
b)
Intrusive Rock
c)
Extrusive Rock
3.
Igneous rock that forms when magma hardens beneath Earth's surface
a)
Intrusive Rock
b)
Compaction
c)
Extrusive Rock
4.
This rock was found near the mouth of a volcano. What type of rock is this?
a)
Sedimentary
b)
Igneous
c)
Metamorphic
5.
This rock cools so quickly that crystals have no time to form.
a)
Basalt
b)
Obsidian
c)
Gabbro
d)
Pumice
6.
Extrusive rocks that form quickly above the Earths surface have
a)
small crystals
b)
large crystals
c)
small and large crystals
d)
no crystals
7.

Intrusive forms_________crystals

a)
small
b)
large
8.
Extrusive forms _________crystals
a)
small
b)
large
9.

Does this rock have large or small crystals?

a)

large crystals

b)

small crystals

10.
How do Intrusive Igneous rocks cool?
a)
quickly
b)
slowly
c)
really fast
11.

Does this rock have large or small crystals?

a)

large crystals

b)

small crystals

12.

Where is magma located?

a)

above ground

b)

below ground

c)

in the stratosphere

d)

in the thermosphere

13.

Where is lava located?

a)

above ground

b)

below ground

c)

in the core

d)

in the mantle

14.

Describe the type of formation for the following igneous rock.

a)

intrusive

b)

extrusive

15.

Describe the environment of formation for the following igneous rock (grain size 1-10 mm).

a)

above ground

b)

below ground

16.

Describe the environment of formation for the following igneous rock (grain size < 1 mm).

a)

above ground

b)

below ground

17.

Metamorphic rocks form from...

a)

Cementing and Compaction of Sediments

b)

Melting of Magma

c)

Cooling of Magma

d)

Heat and Pressure

18.

Metamorphic rocks that form strictly from intense pressure show mineral alignment. This texture is called...

a)

Foliated

b)

Nonfoliated

19.

Metamorphic rocks that form strictly from intense heat do not show mineral alignment. This texture is called....

a)

Foliated

b)

Nonfoliated

20.

Metamorphism that covers a massive region of the Earth's surface (like a mountain range) is what type of metamorphism?

a)

Regional

Metamorphism

b)

Contact Metamorphism

21.

Metamorphism due to intense heat from lava or magma is called....

a)

Regional

Metamorphism

b)

Contact Metamorphism

22.

Gneiss is the most intense metamorphism that can be observed. It is the greatest heat and pressure that can be placed on a rock. If gneiss is put under even higher heat, what will happen and what type of rock could it become?

a)

It Would Turn Into Sedimentary rock and It Would Melt

b)

It Would Turn Into Metamorphic rock and It Would Melt

c)

It Would Turn Into Igneous rock and It Would Melt

d)

It would melt and become magma

23.

What does Sandstone metamorphose into?

a)

Anthracite Coal

b)

Quartzite

c)

Marble

d)

Slate

24.

What does Limestone metamorphose into?

a)

Anthracite Coal

b)

Quartzite

c)

Marble

d)

Slate

25.

What does Shale metamorphose into?

a)

Anthracite Coal

b)

Quartzite

c)

Marble

d)

Slate

26.

Hornfels is a really unique rock because it forms from any other rock type. Which of the following rocks would turn into Hornfels

a)

Conglomerate

b)

Granite

c)

Schist

d)

All of these can turn into Hornfels

27.

What is the texture of this rock?

a)

Foliated

b)

Nonfoliated

28.

Which term describes the crystals in a metamorphic rock?

a)

Cementation

b)

Interlocking Crystals

c)

Recrystalization

d)

Solidification

29.

What factors can lead to the formation of a sedimentary rock?

a)

melting and solidification

b)

extreme heat and pressure

c)

compaction and cementation

30.

Describe the method of formation for sandstone.

a)

melting and solidification

b)

compaction and cementation

c)

evaporation and precipitation

d)

extreme heat and pressure

31.

Which of the following is an organically formed sedimentary rock?

a)

obsidian

b)

coal

c)

siltstone

d)

shale

32.
Rock made of layers of compressed sediments
a)
metamorphic rock
b)
igneous rock
c)
sedimentary rock
d)
school house rock
33.

Organic rocks are...

a)

Made from heat

b)

Made when water evaporates and minerals crystallize

c)

Made from the remains of dead animals/plants

d)

Made from pieces of other rocks

34.
What is an example of an organic rock?
a)
coal
b)
breccia
c)
rock salt
d)
shale
35.
This rock is made of large bits of gravel cemented together. What type of sedimentary rock is it?
a)
Clastic
b)
Chemical
c)
Organic
36.
This rock is made of the remains of dead sea creatures (which have turned into oil). What type of sedimentary rock is it?
a)
Clastic
b)
Chemical
c)
Organic
37.
The process in which dissolved minerals crystallize and glue sediment together.
a)
cementation
b)
deposition
c)
organic rock
38.
The process by which running water, wind, or ice carry away bits of broken-up rock
a)
weathering
b)
sediment
c)
erosion
d)
cememtation
39.
Small pebbles, pieces of other rock, and sand are called?
a)
weathering
b)
sediment
40.
What characteristic to sedimentary rocks often have?
a)
weather patterns
b)
tiny crystals
c)
striped layers
d)
glassy surfaces
41.

Which formation process do most sedimentary rocks follow?

a)

cementation, compaction, deposition, erosion

b)

erosion, compaction, cementation, deposition

c)

erosion, deposition, compaction, cementation

42.
A rock formed from fragments of other rocks is a(n)
a)
Metamorphic Rock
b)
Sedimentary Rock
c)
Extrusive Rock
d)
Igneous Rock
43.
The three groups of rocks are classified by
a)
How they form
b)
Color
c)
Grain size
d)
Chemical Composition
44.
Fossils are only found in
a)
Sedimentary rocks
b)
Foliated Metamorphic rocks
c)
Igneous Rocks
d)
Nonfoliated Metamorphic rocks
45.

A type of sedimentary rock that forms when materials dissolved in water come out of solution, form a solid and sink to the bottom of the water. 

a)

Organic

b)

Clasitc

c)

Chemical

d)

Intrusive

46.
When rocks are broken down into smaller pieces
a)
erosion
b)
weathering
c)
sediment
47.
When water, ice and wind move particles of rock and soil from one place to another
a)
sediment
b)
weathering
c)
erosion
48.

Water, wind, gravity, and ice are all part of this kind of weathering

a)

Chemical

b)

Physical

c)

Biological

49.

Roots break apart a side walk

a)

Chemical weathering

b)

Physical weathering

c)

Biological weathering

50.
Carbon dioxide in rainwater dissolves limestone
a)
Chemical weathering
b)
Mechanical weathering
51.

The iron in the stones of the Grand Canyon turn the color of red

a)

Physical Weathering

b)

Chemical Weathering

c)

Biological Weathering

52.
Rain washing away soil from a hillside
a)
Weathering
b)
Erosion
53.
Water getting into cracks, freezing, and breaking the rocks or pavement apart
a)
Weathering
b)
Erosion
54.
Wind blowing sand from one location to another
a)
Weathering
b)
Erosion
55.
Flood waters moving soil from one location to another
a)
Weathering
b)
Erosion
56.
How does freezing water cause the weathering of rocks?  The freezing water—
a)
keeps the rocks in place
b)
makes the rocks last longer
c)
expands cracks and breaks rocks
d)
causes rocks to fall in landslides
57.

These rocks were broken apart from the continuous freeze/thaw of water in the cracks of the rocks. This is an example of:

a)

physical weathering

b)

chemical weathering

c)

biological weathering

d)

erosion

58.
A metal statue slowly turning green after years of being outside is an example of:
a)
mechanical weathering
b)
chemical weathering
59.

A model showing the processes that create and change rock.

a)

Water Cycle

b)

Carbon Cycle

c)

Rock Cycle

d)

Nitrogen Cycle

60.

Magma that reaches the surface flows from a volcano as ____________

a)

Magma

b)

Water

c)

Ice

d)

Lava

61.

These Rocks are formed from Magma and Lava

a)

Metamorphic

b)

Igneous

c)

Sedimentary

62.

These Rocks are formed from Heat and Pressure

a)

Metamorphic

b)

Igneous

c)

Sedimentary

63.

These Rocks are form from layers of sediment over Millions of years

a)

Metamorphic

b)

Igneous

c)

Sedimentary

64.

This rock started as molten magma but transformed after a volcano erupted. What type of rock is this?

a)

Sedimentary

b)

Igneous

c)

Metamorphic

65.

This rock was another type of rock that was heated and compressed over time. What type of rock is this?

a)

Sedimentary

b)

Igneous

c)

Metamorphic

66.

Molten rock below the Earth's surface is called...

a)

Magma

b)

Lava

c)

Goo

d)

Really hot goo

67.

The process when rocks break into smaller pieces due to exposure to natural elements is called

a)

erosion

b)

weathering

c)

sediments

68.
The process by which igneous rocks are formed...
a)
heat and pressure
b)
melting and cooling
c)
weathering and erosion
69.

In which type of rock might you see a fossil?

a)

Marble

b)

Igneous rock

c)

Metamorphic rock

d)

Sedimentary rock

70.

Having visible layers would identified a rock as ​ (a)   . Rocks that are cooled lava or magma are ​ (b)   rock. Intense heat and pressure allows for ​ (c)   rock to form.

Choose from the below words
sedimentary
igneous
metamorphic
71.

What is number 4?

a)

heat pressure

b)

melting

c)

weathering

d)

cooling/crystallization

72.

Which one of the examples below is physical weathering?

a)

lichens growing on rock

b)

acid rain wearing away limestone

c)

oxidation (rusting) of a flag pole

d)

frost wedging splitting a rock apart

73.

Which of these terms describes the process of acid rain wearing out limestone?

a)

deposition

b)

chemical weathering

c)

physical weathering

d)

erosion

74.
What is the process called that moves small pieces of Earth's surface to another location?
a)
deposition
b)
weathering
c)
river flow
d)
erosion
75.

Identify the process for number 1 on the diagram

a)

Compaction and cementation

b)

Heat and pressure

c)

Melting

d)

cooling

e)

weathering and erosion

76.

Identify the process for number 2 on the diagram

a)

Compaction and cementation

b)

Heat and pressure

c)

Melting

d)

cooling

e)

weathering and erosion

77.

Identify the process for number 3 on the diagram

a)

Compaction and cementation

b)

Heat and pressure

c)

Melting

d)

cooling

e)

weathering and erosion

78.

Identify the process for number 4 on the diagram

a)

Compaction and cementation

b)

Heat and pressure

c)

Melting

d)

cooling

e)

weathering and erosion

79.

Identify the process for number 5 on the diagram

a)

Compaction and cementation

b)

Heat and pressure

c)

Melting

d)

cooling

e)

weathering and erosion

80.

Identify the process for number 8 on the diagram

a)

Compaction and cementation

b)

Heat and pressure

c)

Melting

d)

cooling

e)

weathering and erosion

81.

Identify the process for number 6 on the diagram

a)

Compaction and cementation

b)

Heat and pressure

c)

Melting

d)

cooling

e)

weathering and erosion

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