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Speciation and Patterns of Evolution

Total questions: 20

Worksheet time: 17mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

SELECT ALL THAT APPLY: Which of the following must be true in order for organisms to be considered the same species?

a)

They must be able to mate

b)

They must be able to produce viable offspring

c)

They must have structural similaries

d)

They must have the same bone structure

2.
Variations in a population are caused by:
a)
Natural Selection
b)
Selective Breeding
c)
Artificial Selection
d)
Random Mutations
3.
Some female peacocks prefer males with large, colorful tales while other female peacocks prefer males with no tail at all. Females are beginning to only mate with the type of males with the tail they prefer. What type of reproductive barrier is this?
a)
behavioral isolation
b)
hybrid sterility 
c)
temporal isolation
d)
mechanical isolation 
4.
The flowers of pink tulips open in the morning, while the flowers of lavender tulips open in the early afternoon. The bees that pollinate these tulips cannot carry pollen back & forth between the two types of tulips because of their flowers being closed at different times of day. What type of reproductive barrier is this?
a)
behavioral isolation
b)
hybrid sterility 
c)
temporal isolation
d)
mechanical isolation 
5.
The term for the formation of new and distinct species over the course of evolution is...
a)
speciation
b)
biological species concept
c)
reproductive barrier
d)
natural selection
6.
What is a species? 
a)
A group of organisms that can mate with each other and produce fertile offspring. 
b)
A group of organisms that can mate and produce offspring even if those offspring are infertile.
c)
A group of organisms that genetically are very different from each other. 
d)
Indivual organisms that live in the same environment. 
7.
A flash flood carried a raft of Amazon ants away from their original population. There is enough distance between the two groups, that they will never meet in nature again. What type of reproductive barrier is this?
a)

behavioral isolation

b)

temporal isolation 

c)

gametic isolation

d)

geographic isolation 

8.
When has speciation occurred?
a)

When populations no longer look the same

b)

When populations no longer have the same frequency of alleles

c)

When populations are living in different environments

d)

When populations can no longer interbreed

9.
Which answer best describes macroevolution?
a)
Largest-scale evolutionary changes via speciation or extiniction that occur over time
b)
A scientist who classifies organisms into groups and makes a hypothesis on whether they are a different species based on the evidence
c)
Identification of species by differences in their appearances
d)
AP biological trait evolves in two unrelated species as a result of exposure to similar environments
10.
What is a mass extinction?
a)
When all the species in a particular area on earth suddenly go extinct
b)
When multiple species from all over the earth suddenly go extinct 
c)
When one species goes extinct due to habitat changes
d)
When all life on earth is wiped out 
11.
Describes a patter of long, stable periods interrupted by brief periods of more rapid change
a)
convergent evolution
b)
coevolution
c)
punctuated equilibrium
d)
adaptive radiation
12.
The hypothesis that evolution of a species occurs gradually over time as a slow and constant process is known as
a)
speciation
b)
punctuated equilibrium
c)
gradualism
d)
microevolution
13.
A single species that has evolved into several different forms that live in different ways has undergone
a)
adaptive radiation.
b)
coevolution.
c)
punctuated equilibrium.
d)
mass extinction.
14.
What is convergent evolution?
a)
evolution toward similar traits in unrelated species
b)
evolution toward different traits in closely related species
c)
elimination of a species from Earth
d)
the rise of two or more species from one existing species
15.
In convergent evolution, organisms share physical similarities because they 
a)
have a common ancestor
b)
live in similar environments
c)
develop homologous structures
d)
are closely related 
16.

In the diagram, B, C, and D represent organisms that exist in the present time and show a striking similarity to each other in their bone structure. In this diagram, what does letter A most likely represent?

a)

Convergent evolution

b)

A common ancestor

c)

An acquired characteristic

d)

Coevolution

17.

The Apple Maggot Fly infests the fruit of a native North American Hawthorn Apple tree. In the 1860s some maggot flies began to infest apples. Now there are two populations of the fly feeding on the two food sources. The populations rarely interbreed and are showing genetic differences and therefore are becoming two separate species.

What pattern of evolution does this example demonstrate?

a)

Phyletic Speciation

b)

Adaptive Radiation

c)

Convergent Evolution

d)

Divergent Evolution

e)

Co-evolution

18.

Hummingbirds have a beak just the right length to reach the nectar in a cardinal flower and as they feed their foreheads bump into the pollen structure. Cardinal flowers are red which hummingbirds can see but bees can’t. Cardinal flower’s pollen structure is just the right length for the hummingbird to pick up pollen as it feeds.

What pattern of evolution does this example demonstrate?

a)

Convergent Evolution

b)

Divergent Evolution

c)

Coevolution

19.

Results in homologous structures like the arm bones of humans and cats.

a)

Convergent evolution

b)

Divergent evolution

c)

Coevolution

20.

The Galapagos tortoises share a common ancestor but have necks of differing lengths to best reach food in their environment. This is an example of ...

a)

Convergent evolution

b)

Divergent evolution

c)

Coevolution

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