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WorksheetsChemistry #5 Atoms
Total questions: 101
Worksheet time: 51mins
As a result of the gold foil experiment, it was concluded that an atom
Contains a small, dense nucleus
Contains protons, neutron and electrons
Has positrons and orbitals
Is a hard, indivisible sphere
What is the observation and conclusion that Earnest Rutherford made about the gold foil
observation: Only electrons went though the gold foil
conclusion: An atoms consists of something else called emectrotrons and it is 2 electron particles combined together
observation: Most of the alpha particles went though the gold foil
conclusion: An atoms consists of mostly empty space
observation: None of the alpha particles went though the gold foil
conclusion: An atoms consists of no empty space at all
observation: Most of the alpha particles destoryed the gold foil
conclusion: An atoms consists of radioactive material that is 1.5 billion times as deadly as a banana
What is another observation and conclusion that Earnest Rutherford made about the gold foil
Observation: Some of the alpha particles lose their electrons
conclusion: An atom has a large, heavy, negatively charged nucleus
Observation: None of the alpha particles get regenerated
conclusion: An atom has a small, soft, neutral charged nucleus
Observation: Some of the alpha particles get deflected
conclusion: An atom has a small, dense, positively charged nucleus
Observation: All of the alpha particles get destroyed
conclusion: An atom has a large, dense, negative charged nucleus
Define Orbital
The least portable location of finding an atom
The orbit of planets going to the sun
The rocks that spin around Saturn
The most portable location of finding a proton and neutron
Which statement describes the distribution of charge in an atom?
A positively charged nucleus is surrounded by one or more negatively charged electrons.
A positively charged nucleus is surrounded by one or more positively charged electrons.
A neutral nucleus is surrounded by one or more negatively charged electrons.
A neutral nucleus is surrounded by one or more positively charged electrons.
Which particles has the least mass
Alpha particle
Beta particle
Neutron
Proton
Write the name of the particle from Table O that have 0 as their mass.
Alpha particle, Beta particle, Neutron and Gamma radiation
Alpha particle, Beta particle and Electron
Beta particle (electron), Gamma radiation and Positron
Beta particle
Write the names of the particles from Table O that have 1 as their mass.
Electron and Positron
Beta particle (electron), Gamma radiation and Positron.
Beta particle and Alpha particle
Proton and Neutron
What is the number of electrons in an atom that has 3 protons and 4 neutrons
3
1
7
4
What does "All atoms are electrically neutral" mean?
This means that there is about 200,000 kilowatts of electricity in a neutron
This means that all of the charged particles that make up an atom will ultimately cancel each other out.
This means that ever single electron in a neutron is always electrically neutral
This means that every single atom is neutral
What are the maximum capacities for the 4 energy levels?
The 1st level has a maximum capacity of 12 electrons
the 2nd level has a maximum capacity of 28 electrons
the 3rd level has a maximum capacity of 56 electrons
the 4th level has a maximum capacity of 108 electrons
The 1st level has a maximum capacity of 2 electrons
the 2nd level has a maximum capacity of 4 electrons
the 3rd level has a maximum capacity of 8 electrons
the 4th level has a maximum capacity of 16 electrons
The 1st level has a maximum capacity of 2 electrons
the 2nd level has a maximum capacity of 8 electrons
the 3rd level has a maximum capacity of 18 electrons
the 4th level has a maximum capacity of 32 electrons
The 1st level has a maximum capacity of 2 electrons
the 2nd level has a maximum capacity of 16 electrons
the 3rd level has a maximum capacity of 64 electrons
the 4th level has a maximum capacity of 256 electrons
What is the number of electrons in a completely filled second shell of an atom?
32
2
18
8
How much energy does the electronic shell that is closets from the nucleus have?
Low energy
High energy
No energy
Dangerous amounts of energy
How much energy does the electronic shell that is farthest from the nucleus have?
Low energy
High energy
No energy
Dangerous amounts of energy
How much energy does the electronic shell that is farthest from the nucleus have?
Low energy
High energy
No energy
Dangerous amounts of energy
What are the two ways you can identify how many electronic levels that element occupies?
Look at how many numbers there are in the electronic configuration to identify how many electronic level that element occupies
Look at the mass number of that element to identify how many electronic levels that element occupies
Look at the period number for the element to identify how many electronic levels that element occupies
Look at if that element in a metal, non-metal, metalloids or nobel gases to identify the electronic levels that element occupies
Which element in the ground state has an outermost electrons with the most electrons?
Li
Na
K
Cs
What is the total number of valence electrons in a germanium atom in the ground state?
4
2
22
32
Which element is paired with an excited state electrons configuration for an electron of an element?
Ca: 2-8-8-2
K: 2-6-8-3
Na: 2-8-2
F: 2-8
An ion that consist of 7 protons, 6 neutrons and 10 electrons has a net charge of
4-
3+
3-
4+
What is an ion?
A particle of salt
An atom that can be destroyed
An atom with no charge
An atom with an excess charge, + or -
What is a net charge?
The sum of all charged particles
The sum of all uncharged particles
The decline of all charged particles
The sum of all negative charged particles
The modern model of an atom is based on the work of
Many scientists over a short period of time
Many scientists over a long period of time
One scientist over a short period of time
One scientist over a long period of time
How did J.J Thompson discover the electron in his experiment?
Took the proton and neutron on and discovered the electron in 1893; "plum-pudding" model
Used gamma ray tubes to discover the electron in 1893; "plum-pudding" model
Used nuclear waste to discover the electron in 1803
Used cathode ray tubes to discover the electron in 1893; "plum-pudding" model
Which example did Earnest Rutherhood provide to prove that an atom cosntis of mostly empty space?
Since most of the alpha particles went through the gold foil
Since none of the protons went through the gold foil
Since a few of the beta particles went through the gold foil
Since there was a 50/50 ratio of the neutrons went through the gold foil
The gold foil experiment led to the conclusion that each atom in the foil was mostly composed of empty space because most alpha particles directed at the foil
Remained trapped in the foil
Passed through the foil
Were deflected by the nuclei in gold atoms
Were deflected by the electrons in the gold
What caused some of the alpha particles to get deflected?
The atom had a large dense neutral nucleus
The atom had a large dense negative nucleus
The atom had a small dense positive nucleus
The atom was very small
As a result of the gold foil experiment?, it was concluded that an atom
Is a hard, divisible sphere
Contains protons, neutrons and electrons
Has positrons and orbitals
Contains a small dense nucleus
What did Neels Bohr discover about atom in 1913
Electrons surrounded the nucleus in fixed, definite energy levels (shells)e
Electrons orbit protons only
Positrons are also known as protons
There are 5 shells in an atom
What is the wave mechanical model
A past day model of the atom where electrons are found in regions called the nucleus; also called the Cloud Charge Model
A present day model of the atom where electrons are found in regions called orbitals; also called the Cloud Charge Model
A present day model of the nucleus where electrons are found in regions called protons; also called the Neutral Charge Model
A future day model of the atom where positrons are found in regions called orbitals; also called the Positive Charge Model
What is an orbital?
The most probable location of losing a neutron or proton
The most Difficult location of finding an alpha particle
The most probable location of finding an electron
The most probable location of finding an atom in that element
According to the wave mechanical model, an orbital as the most portable place location of
A proton
A neutron
A positron
An electron
What does "u" also mean
Amu
Double V
The letter U
Table U
How much charge does a proton have, what is the mass and where is the proton found?
A proton has a neutral charge (0), has a mass of 1 u and it is found in the orbital
A proton has a positive charge (+1), has a mass of 1u and it is found in the nucleus
A proton has a positive charge (+1), has a mass of 0.5 u and it is found in the orbital
A proton has a negative charge (-1), has a mass of 0 u and it is found in the nucleus
How much charge does a neutron have, what is the mass and where is the neutron found?
A neutron has a neutral charge (0), has a mass of 2 u and it is found in the orbital
A neutron has a positive charge (0), has a mass of 1.15 u and it is found in the orbital
A neutron has a neutral charge (0), has a mass of 1 u and it is found in the nucleus
A neutron has a negative charge (-1), has a mass of 0 u and it is found in the orbital
What subatomic particles are paired with their charges?
Electron- Neutral
Neutron- Positive
Proton- Negative
Electron- Negative
Neutron- Positive
Proton- Neutral
Electron- Positive
Neutron- Negative
Porton- Neutral
Electron- Negative
Neutron- Neutral
Proton- Positive
How much charge does an electron/beta particle have, what is the mass and where is the electron found?
A negative charge (-1), has a mass of 0 u and surrounds the nucleus
A negative charge (-1), has a mass of 0 u and is in the nucleus
A positive charge (+1), has a mass of 0 u and surrounds the nucleus
A neutral charge (0), has a mass of 0 u and surrounds the nucleus
In which pair do the particles have approximately the same mass?
Proton and electrons
Proton and neutron
Neutron and electron
Neutron and beta particles
Which particles are found in the nucleus of an atom?
Electrons, only
Neutrons, only
Protons and neutrons
Protons and electrons
What does the atomic number equal to?
An atomic number always equals number of electrons; usually equals number of neutrons
An atomic number always equals number of protons and not electrons at all
An atomic number always equals number of neutrons; usually equals number of protons
An atomic number always equals number of protons; usually equals number of electrons
What does the atomic mass equal to?
Protons + neutrons
Proton + electrons
Neutrons + protons - electrons
Protons x neutrons / electrons
What is the mass number of a carbon atom that contains 6 protons, 8 neutrons and 6 electrons
6
14
8
20
What does the number of neutrons equal to?
Mass number / atomic number
Mass number x atomic number
Mass number - atomic mass
Mass number + atomic number
57 neutrons
83 neutrons
26 neutrons
31 neutrons
What does an isotope have?
same atomic number
different mass number same number of protons
different number of neutrons
Different atomic number
different mass number different number of protons
different number of neutrons
same atomic number
same mass number same number of protons
same number of neutrons
different atomic number
same mass number different number of protons
same number of neutrons
What is an ion?
An atom with no charge at all
An atom with an excess charge (could be + or -)
An atom with an excess charge (is + only)
An atom with an excess charge (is - only)
What is a net charge
Adds up all of the particles that have a charge (p's only)
Adds up all of the particles that have a charge (e's only)
Adds up all of the particles that have a charge (p’s & e’s)
Adds up all of the particles that have no charge at all
Atom are neutral because the number of
Neutrons are greater than the number of electrons
Neutrons are greater than the number of protons
Protons equal the number of neutrons
Protons equal the number of electrons
Atom are neutral because the number of
Protons equal the number of electrons
Neutrons are greater than the number of protons
Protons equal the number of neutrons
Neutrons are greater than the number of electrons
If the net charge is positive, what happens to the electrons in the element
The element gains 500 electrons
The element loses electrons
The element gains electrons
The element lose half electrons
If the net charge is negative, what happens to the electrons in the element
The element loses 500 electrons
The element loses electrons
The element gains electrons
The element gains half electrons
Gains a proton
Gains an electron
Loses a proton
Loses anelectron
What is the net charge of an ion that has 9 protons, 11 neutrons and 10 electrons?
1-
1+
2-
2+
What is the mass number of an atom that has 6 protons, 6 neutrons and 8 electrons?
20
14
6
12
What is the atomic mass?
The weighted average of the naturally occurring ions of an atom
The highest weight of the artificially occurring isotopes of an atom
The weighted average of the naturally occurring isotopes of an element
The unweighted average of the naturally stopping isotopes of an electron
The weighted average of the atomic masses of the naturally occurring isotopes in an element is the
Atomic number of the element
Formula mass of each isotope
Mass number of each isotope
Atomic mass of an element
Isotopes of an element must have different
Mass numbers
Atomic numbers
Number of protons
Number of electrons
What is a mass number?
Represents the number written on the right of the dash
Represents the number written after the dash
Represents the number written before the dash
Represents the number written on the left of the dash
Compared to an atom of C-12, an atom of C-14 has a greater
Number of electrons
Number of protons
Mass number
Atomic number
What is a relative abundance?
The percentage of an ion that exists in the atom
The percentage of an ion that exists in ai
The number of an isotope that exists in nature
The percentage of an isotope that exists in nature
What is the total percentage all isotopes of an element add up to?
One hundred precent
99.9%
Fifty percent
One percent
How to you convert a percentage to a decimal?
Move the decimal one place to the right
Move the decimal two places to the left
Move the decimal two places to the right
Move the decimal five places to the left
What is the atomic mass calculation?
(individual mass - decimal abundance) for none of the isotopes and then divide them all up
(individual mass / decimal abundance) for only one isotope and then subtract them all up
(individual mass x decimal abundance) for each isotope and then add them all up
(individual mass + decimal abundance) for each isotope and then multiply them all up
Which numerical setup can be used to determine the atomic mass of lithium?
(92.5)(6.02u) + (77.5)(7.02u)
(7.5)(6.02u) + (92.5)(7.02u)
(0.925)(6.02u) + (0.075)(7.02u)
(0.075)(6.02u) + (0.925)(7.02u)
Should you do both of divide by 100 in the beginning and at the end?
You can only do one
You can do none
You can do both
You can do neither
What is a weighted average?
The atomic mass will be closest to the individual atom mass with no abundance (percentage)
The atomic mass will be closest to the individual atomic mass with the highest abundance (percentage)
The atomic mass will be farthest to the individual atomic mass with the lowest abundance (percentage)
The atomic mass will be closest to the individual mass number with the highest abundance (percentage)
Hydrogen has three isotopes with mass numbers of 1, 2 & 3 and has an average atomic mass of 1.00794 amu. This information indicates that
Equal numbers of each isotopes are present
More isotopes have an atomic mass of 2 or 3 than 1
More isotopes have an atomic mass of 1 than 2 or 3
Isotopes have only an atomic mass of 1
The atomic mass of an element A is 63.6 atomic mass units. The only naturally occurring isotopes of elements A are A-63 and A-65. The percent abundances in a naturally occurring sample of element A are closets to
50% A-63 and 50% A-65
100% A-63 and 0% A-65
31% A-63 and 69% A-65
69% A-63 and 31% A-65
Which shells have the most and least amount of energy?
The most amount of energy are the levels (shells) are further away from nucleus
The least amount of energy are the levels (shells) are closer from the nucleus
The least amount of energy are the levels (shells) are further away from nucleus
The most amount of energy are the levels (shells) are closer from the nucleus
The same amount of energy are the levels (shells) are further away from nucleus
The same amount of energy are the levels (shells) are closer from the nucleus
There is no energy in the shells at all
Compared to an electron in the first electronic shell of an atom, an electron in the third shell of the same atom has
Less mass
More energy
Less energy
More mass
What are the maximum capacities of the 1st-4th energy levels?
1st level- 1 electrons
2nd level- 2 electrons
3rd level- 4 electrons
4th level- 8 electrons
1st level- 8 electrons
2nd level- 16 electrons
3rd level- 18 electrons
4th level- 32 electrons
1st level- 2 electrons
2nd level- 8 electrons
3rd level- 18 electrons
4th level- 32 electrons
1st level- 1 electron
2nd level- 2 electrons
3rd level- 3 electrons
4th level- 4 electrons
What does the electronic configuration tell us?
The electronic configuration tells us where protons and neutrons are (upper right corner of box of each element in the periodic table)
The electronic configuration tells us where neutrons are (lower right corner of box of only periods 1-5 elements in the periodic table)
The electronic configuration tells us where nucleus are (upper left corner of box of each non-metals in the periodic table)
The electronic configuration tells us where electrons are (lower left corner of box of each element in the periodic table)
What is the electronic configuration for this atom?
2-8-2
2-8-1
12-11-23
2-8-2-8-1
What is the oxidation state?
The number of electrons an atom can lose (-); top right corner of box for each element in periodic table
The number of electrons an atom can lose (+) or gain (-); top right corner of box for each element in periodic table
The number of electrons an atom cannot lose (-) or gain (+); top bottom corner of box for each element in periodic table
The number of electrons an atom can only gain (+); top right corner of box for each element in periodic table
What does it mean for Zinc if it has an oxidation state of +2?
Zinc can gain 2 neutrons
Zinc can gain 2 protons
Zinc can lose 2 electrons
Zinc can gain 2 electrons
What is the ground state?
When electrons are in their no energy levels (listed in Periodic Table as the electron configuration)
When electrons are in their lowest energy levels (listed in Table A as the electron configuration)
When electrons are in their highest energy levels (listed in Periodic Table as the electron configuration)
When electrons are in their lowest energy levels (listed in Periodic Table as the electron configuration)
What is the excited state?
When electrons "jump" to higher energy levels
When electrons "jump" to lower energy levels
When electrons "decrease" to lower energy levels
When protons and neutrons "jump" to higher energy levels
What will the new excited state electron configuration be for sulfur if 1 electron jumps from the 3rd shell to the 4th shell?
2-8-7
2-8-5-1
2-7-7
2-8-6-1
Can you exceeded the electronic level limit?
Yes, except for elements with an atomic number of 59+
Sometimes you can while other times you cannot
Never, it's illegal
Yes, you have to otherwise it's wrong
What an electron does to go from low to high (ground state to excited state)?
The electron releases energy
The electron destroys energy
The electron lose all of their energy
The electron absorbs energy
As an electron in an atom moves from the ground state to the excited state, the electron
Gains energy as it moves to a higher energy level
Gains energy as it moves to a lower energy level
Loses energy as it moves to a higher energy level
Loses energy as it moves to a lower energy level
What an electron does to go from high to low (excited state to ground state)?
The electron destroys energy
The electron releases energy
The electron lose all of their energy
The electron absorbs energy
What is a spectra?
The light energy emitted and produced only when electrons come back down from the ground state
The dark energy released only when electrons come back down from the excited state
The light energy emitted/released/produced when electrons come back down from the excited state
The light energy emitted only when electrons come back down from the ground state
When an excited electron in an atom moves to the ground state, the electron
Absorbs energy as it moves to a higher energy state
Absorbs energy as it moves to a lower energy state
Emits energy as it moves to a higher energy state
Emits energy as it moves to a lower energy state
How does the spectra can be used to identify unknown element
Every line must match
Every line must be different
Only 2 lines must match
One line line must match
Which elements (there are 2) are present in the mixture?
Z and X
X and A
D and X
A and Z
What are valence electrons?
Electrons in the 7th energy level
Electrons in the 2nd energy level
Electrons in the outermost energy level
Electrons in the innermost energy level
How many valence electrons does Ruthenium (Ru) have?
8 valence electrons
2 valence electrons
0 valence electrons
1 valence electron
What number of valence electrons that atoms are more stable in?
8 valence electrons
5 valence electrons
0 valence electrons
1 valence electron
What is the lewis dot diagram?
Represents valence electrons and electronic configuration
Represents valence electrons only
Represents valence electrons and electrons
Represents electronic configuration only
The lewis electron-dot diagram represents a boron atom in the ground state?
What is the dot diagram order?
First 2 separate, then one on each side until you get 500
First 1 go together, then five on each side until you come back to 1
First 5 go together, then one on one side until you come back around
First 2 go together, then one on each side until you come back around
Which Lewis electron-dot structure is drawn correctly for the atom it represents?
What is a stable duet?
When the innermost energy level has 32 electrons (its max capacity)
When the innermost energy level has 2 electrons (its max capacity)
When the innermost energy level has 18 electrons (its max capacity)
When the innermost energy level has 8 electrons (its max capacity)
Elements that have atoms with stable valence electrons configurations in the ground state are found in
Group 1
Group 8
Group 18
Group 11
What does the group number tell you?
Tells you how many electrons (Groups 13-18 - 25*) *3 - 8 for groups 13 - 18.
Tells you how many valence electrons (Groups 1, 2, 13 - 18*) *3 - 8 for groups 13 - 18.
Tells you how many electrons (Groups 50-72*) *3 - 8 for groups 13 - 18.
Tells you how many valence electrons (Groups 1, 2, 13 - 18*) *3 - 8 for groups 13 - 18.
In the ground state, all atoms of group 15 elements have the same number of
Valence electrons
Electronic shells
Protons
Neutrons
What is the capacity of each orbital?
Two valence electrons
Two electrons
Five electrons
18 electrons
What does the period number tell you?
Tells you how many energy levels an period number has
Tells you how many energy levels an electron has
Tells you how many energy levels an element has
Tells you how much energy an element has
What must you include for the electronic configuration for elements 72 and above?
Make sure to include 2 - 8 - into the end of the electron configuration for elements 72 and above
Make sure to include 8 - 16 - into the beginning of the electron configuration for elements 72 and above
Make sure to include 5 - 16 - into the beginning of the electron configuration for elements 72 and above
Make sure to include 2 - 8 - into the beginning of the electron configuration for elements 72 and above
What is the full electronic configuration for Francium (Fr)?
2-8-18-32-18-8-1
0-18-32-18-8-1
18-32-18-8-1
18-32-16-9-2
