2. It is possible to identify all types of users and all of their relevant characteristics in a thorough needs assessment and requirements analysis process.

3. Because the perceptual appeal of a learning environment or instructional system will determine motivation and subsequent learner engagement, the emphasis in design should be on esthetics first and foremost.

4. Mastery learning is consistent with a design approach that focuses on students within two standard deviations of the mean score of students on a final test in a required prerequisite course.

5. Design is a balance of creativity and engineering.

6. A program of study specifying required and optional courses is a designed artifact.

7. An organization’s mission, vision, and values statements are designed artifacts.

8. An employee’s pay rate is a designed artifact.

9. A grading rubric is a designed artifact.

10. A student’s grade point average is a designed artifact.

11. Universal design requires focusing on issues involving scalability and multiple platforms.

12. Multitasking improves overall productivity.