WorksheetsAP Biology Cell Energetics Review
Total questions: 23
Worksheet time: 12mins
Enzymes ___________________ activation energy to speed up chemical reactions.
increase
decrease
What is the relationship between an enzymes active site and its substrate?
The active site has the right polarity to interact with the substrate.
The active site is hydrophobic and interacts with other hydrophobic amino acids on the substrate
The active site has a specific shape that fits the shape of the substrate
The active site uses energy to form covalent bonds with the substrate
How does a competitive inhibitor affect an enzymes function?
It binds to an allosteric site that alters the shape of the enzyme
It changes the polarity of the enzyme, decreasing the rate of reaction
It denatures the enzyme which increases the activation energy for the reaction.
It binds to the active site, preventing the enzyme from catalyzing the reaction
Which of these factors can affect the initial rate of an enzyme reaction?
Enzyme concentration
Substrate concentration
Temperature
pH
All of the above
What effect does high temperature have on most enzymes reaction rates?
High temperatures will speed up the enzyme's reaction rate
High temperatures will stabilize the enzyme's reaction rate
High temperatures will decrease enzyme reaction rates due to denaturation
High temperatures do not affect enzyme reaction rates
How does initial substrate concentration affect enzyme reaction rates?
High concentration of substrates will inhibit enzyme reaction rates
Low concentration of substrate will increase enzyme reaction rates
High initial concentrations of substrate will increase the enzyme reaction rate
Enzyme reaction rates are independent of substrate concentration
What is chemiosmosis?
The diffusion of electrons through the electron transport chain
The breakdown of a glucose molecule
The diffusion of protons down their concentration gradient
The active transport of NADH into the mitochondria
Why is chemiosmosis important to cellular respiration?
It provides the energy needed to catabolize glucose
It is the force that powers ATP synthase
It provides the energy needed to breakdown pyruvate into carbon dioxide
It generates the electrons needed for the electron transport chain
Why is the hydrolysis of ATP important to a cells function?
It provides a source of phosphate for the cell.
It releases energy that can be used to power cellular processes
It absorbs excess hydrogen ions in the cell to regulate the internal pH
It acts as a catalyst for chemical reactions in the cell.
Why do plants not store 100% of the light energy absorbed by chlorophyll in glucose molecules?
Most of the energy is used to power the reaction or is lost as heat
Plants do not have a high energy requirement, so they do not need to convert 100% of the energy
The energy is used to power ATP synthase proteins on the thylakoid membrane
The remaining energy is used actively transport oxygen out of the cell.
What are the net products of photosynthesis?
6 CO2, 6 H2O, Energy
6 O2 and 6 H2O
C6H12O6 and 6 O2
6 CO2 and C6H12O6
What factors affect the rate of photosynthesis?
CO2 concentration
H2O available
Temperature
Light intensity
All of the above
What powers the rotation of ATP synthase enzymes in mitochondria and chloroplasts?
The energy absorbed during the light reactions.
The electronegativity of oxygen
Energy released by breaking the chemical bonds in glucose
The diffusion of hydrogen
What products of the light reaction are directly needed by the Calvin cycle in photosynthesis?
H ions and carbon dioxide
Photons absorbed by chlorophyll
FADH2 and Oxygen
ATP and NADPH
Which phase of photosynthesis produces organic sugars?
The light reactions
The Calvin cycle
The link reaction
Electron transport chain
What are the products of the Krebs Cycle?
Pyruvate, water, ATP, NADH
Acetyl CoA, NADH
NADH, FADH2, carbon dioxide, ATP
ATP, glucose
What are the products of glycolysis?
Pyruvate, ATP, water, NADH
Carbon dioxide, FADH2, NADH, ATP
32 ATP
NADPH and ATP
What are the products of the light reaction of photosynthesis?
Oxygen, NADPH, ATP
Glucose, NADP, ADP
Carbon dioxide, water, ATP
Oxygen, FADH2, ATP
What process creates the proton motive force in cellular respiration?
The electron transport chain
The hydrolysis of ATP
Chemiosmosis
The Citric Acid cycle
What is the function of NAD in cellular respiration?
It catalyzes the conversion of glucose into ATP
It provides inorganic phosphate needed by ATP synthase
It acts as an electron and proton acceptor to carry energy to the electron transport chain
It is the coenzyme needed to convert glucose into pyruvate
How are the ATP synthase enzymes in photosynthesis and cellular respiration similar?
They both rely on chemiosmosis of hydrogens down a gradient to power phosphorylation
They are both located in the cytoplasm of the cell
They both use oxygen to create a concentration gradient
They both receive hydrogen ions from FADH2
When will lactic acid build up in animal cells?
When there is excess carbon dioxide
When the cells produce too much ATP
When there is not enough oxygen to fuel the mitochondria
When the cells need to remove excess oxygen to avoid damaging their components.
Based on this graph, which enzyme would function best in a basic environment?
A
B
