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AP ENTIRE Unit Two Review

Total questions: 106

Worksheet time: 1hrs 19mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Which of the following statements about gerrymandering is true?

a)

It has been banned by United States Supreme Court decisions starting with Baker v. Carr

b)

It was used traditionally to maintain urban control of the House of Representatives.

c)

It can be used by a political party to draw boundary lines to control as many districts as possible.

d)

It guarantees greater constituency control over elected representatives.

2.
Even with large majorities in their own party in Congress, presidents experience difficulty in exercising legislative leadership because
a)
the president must compete against state governors for influence
b)
the weak nature of political parties hampers the president's ability to control Congress
c)
the president's use of the veto is ineffective with Congress
d)
the president seldom addresses the same issues as members of Congress
3.

Which of the following statements about the Senate is true?

a)

Each state is represented in the Senate according to its population.

b)

The Senate, unlike the House, has a Rules Committee.

c)

The Senate is more responsible than the House for initiating appropriations legislation.

d)

Individual senators can exercise substantial influence over the legislative process.

4.

All of the following are ways that the legislative branch can check the powers of the executive branch EXCEPT:

a)

Congress may pass a law declaring a presidential action unconstitutional.

b)

The Senate may refuse to approve a presidential appointment.

c)

Congress may override a presidential veto.

d)

Congress may remove the president through its impeachment and conviction powers.

5.

The role Congress plays in ensuring that executive branch agencies are carrying out their legislated responsibilities is known as

a)

judicial review

b)

legislative oversight

c)

executive privilege

d)

bicameralism

6.

Advocates of shifting the task of drawing United States House districts from state legislatures to independent commissions are likely to claim which of the following as an advantage of independent commissions?

a)

Independent commissions are more likely to create majority-minority districts districts where they are appropriate.

b)

Independent commissions are more likely to create districts where minor parties are victorious.

c)

House districts drawn by independent commissions are immune from challenges by the United States Department of Justice.

d)

Independent commissions significantly reduce the influence of partisan gerrymandering in the redistricting process.

7.
The --- confirms or denies presidential appointments to the Federal bureaucracy. 
a)
Supreme Court
b)
Congress
c)
House of Representatives 
d)
Senate
8.

After a national census has been taken, changes in population distribution cause the changing of congressional seats among the states. This effect is commonly called

a)

Congressional redistricitng

b)

Apportionment

c)

Gerrymandering

d)

Repportionment

9.

Which of the following is NOT true of the Congress?

a)

Each house determines its own leadership and rules

b)

Terms of Congress last for two years

c)

Congress is unicameral in nature

d)

Only the president may call special sessions of Congress

10.

Which of the following best describes a nonlegislative power of Congress?

a)

Power to declare war

b)

Power to tax

c)

Impeachment power

d)

Power to regulate commerce

11.
A law passed in 1973 that requires the presidents to consult with Congress whenever possible prior to using military force and to withdraw forces after 60 days unless Congress declares war or grants an extension.
a)
War Powers Resolution
b)
United Nations
c)
Hatch Act
d)
Pendleton Civil Service Act
12.
The constitutional power of the president to send a bill back to Congress with reasons for rejecting it.
a)
Veto
b)
Legislative Veto
c)
Presidential Coattails
d)
Pocket Veto
13.
A legislature divided into two houses.
a)
Bicameral Legislature
b)
Balance of Trade
c)
Joint Committee
d)
Legislative Oversight
14.

drawing the boundaries of legislative districts in bizarre or unusual shapes to favor one party

a)

lizarding

b)

partisan districting

c)

gerrymandering

d)

sleazy

15.
A tactic to block legislation that involves one or more Senators holding the floor indefinitely is called...
a)
Filibustering
b)
Riding
c)
Logrolling
d)
Hot-Airing
16.
Members of Congress are granted generous franking privileges that
a)
permit them to mail letters to their constituents for free.
b)
allow them to charge items to a special expense account.
c)
allow members unlimited phone calls to their district without charge.
d)
permit them to receive four, round-trip airfares to their district.
17.
The president of the Senate is
a)
the leader of the majority party in the Senate.
b)
the senator with the most seniority, regardless of party.
c)
the fourth person in line to succeed the president.
d)
the vice president of the United States.
18.
According to the Constitution, the minimum age to be a Senator is
a)
25
b)
30
c)
35
d)
40
19.
The House consists of _____ members.
a)
100
b)
270
c)
435
d)
50
20.
Who is next in line to become President of the United States if the Vice President is unable to take over?
a)
Majority Leader of the Senate
b)
President of the Senate
c)
President pro tempore of the Senate
d)
Speaker of the House
21.
The Chair of a committee is likely the...
a)
Member of the majority party with the most constituents
b)
Oldest
c)
Member of the Minority Party with the most seniority
d)
Member with the most expertise
22.
Every two years, _____ of the Senate must stand for reelection
a)
one-half
b)
three-quarters
c)
two-thirds
d)
one-third
23.
Which body originates ALL bills concerning revenue and taxes? 
a)
House
b)
Senate
c)
Congress
d)
Supreme Court
24.
How long must you be a U.S. citizen to serve in the House of Representatives?
a)
7 years
b)
9 years
c)
3 years
d)
5 years
25.
A member of the House is elected for a term of how many years?
a)
1 year
b)
2 years
c)
4 years
d)
6 years
26.
How many members are in Congress?
a)
100
b)
270
c)
435
d)
535
27.

Advice and consent

a)

A power of the Senate to be consulted on and approve treaties signed and appointments made by the President of the U.S.

b)

A way to bring a bill to the floor without having to pass through committee... considered a strong rebuke to majority party leadership.

c)

The role of the Speaker of the House.

d)

The chief spokesperson of the majority party in the Senate, who directs the legislative program and party strategy.

28.

The executive branch is created in which section of the Constitution?

a)
Article 1
b)
Article 2
c)
Article 3
d)
Article 4
29.

Which of the following confirms the president's cabinet appointments?

a)

the House of Representatives

b)

the Senate

c)

a joint committee of both houses

d)

the Supreme Court

30.

Which of the following is an example of congressional oversight?

a)

holding hearings for review of an executive agency's activities

b)

assisting constituents with particular problems

c)

reporting campaign contributions to the Federal Election Commission

d)

conducting ethics investigations of congressional leadership

31.
While the President has the power to appoint federal judges, who must approve them?
a)
The House
b)
The Senate
c)
Both the House and Senate
d)
The chief Justice of the United States
32.
Congress adopted the War Powers Resolution to 
a)
give the president additional powers in the case of military emergencies
b)
delineate a clear chain of command in the event of nuclear war
c)
criticize the president for declaring war without authorization from Congress
d)
limit the president's authority to commit troops overseas
33.
A type of veto occurring when Congress adjourns within 10 days of submitting a bill to the president and the president simply lets the bill die by neither signing nor vetoing it.
a)
Pocket Veto
b)
Veto
c)
Legislative Veto
d)
Executive Orders
34.

Match the following

a)

Fiscal Policy

1.

Congress & the president are in charge of tax & government spending policies, and creating a budget

b)

Budget Deficit

2.

Government spending > tax revenue in a given year

c)

Budget Surplus

3.

Tax revenue > government spending in a given year

d)

Balanced Budget

4.

Government spending = tax revenue in a given year

e)

National Debt

5.

Total amount the federal government owes

35.

Match the following

a)

Discretionary Spending

1.

Spending that has to be authorized every year by Congress and the president

Ex. Defense,

Education

b)

Mandatory Spending

2.

Spending that does not have to be approved annually.

Can only be changed by new legislation

c)

Power of the Purse

3.

Congress creates and passes a federal budget

36.

Power of the Senate to approve, or not approve of, the president's nominations to federal courts, agencies, ambassadors, etc.; the Senate also ratifies treaties agreed to by the president

a)

Enumerated Powers

b)

Implied Powers

c)

Advice and Consent Powers

d)

Reserved Powers

37.

Pick a gif that best represents how you feel you are doing in the class.

a)

b)

c)

d)

e)

38.

All of the following are ways that the legislative branch can check the powers of the executive branch EXCEPT:

a)

Congress may pass a law declaring a presidential action unconstitutional.

b)

The Senate may refuse to approve a presidential appointment.

c)

Congress may override a presidential veto.

d)

Congress may remove the president through its impeachment and conviction powers.

39.
The --- confirms or denies presidential appointments to the Federal bureaucracy. 
a)
Supreme Court
b)
Congress
c)
House of Representatives 
d)
Senate
40.
The constitutional power of the president to send a bill back to Congress with reasons for rejecting it.
a)
Veto
b)
Legislative Veto
c)
Presidential Coattails
d)
Pocket Veto
41.

What is the term for an international agreement between the president and another country, which does NOT require the consent of the Senate?

a)

Treaty

b)

Diplomatic Agreement

c)

Executive Agreement

d)

Foreign Agreement

42.

What is the term for a presidential order to the executive branch that carries the force of law?

a)

Executive Order

b)

Executive Command

c)

Proclamation

d)

Declaration

43.

What is the term for a presidential statement upon signing a bill into law, which explains how a president’s administration intends to interpret the law?

a)

Executive Assent

b)

Judicial Opinion

c)

Signing Statement

d)

Executive Statement

44.

What is the term for the president’s annual message to a joint session of Congress, which includes recommended legislation and evaluations of the nation’s top priorities and economic health?

a)

Status Update

b)

State of the Union

c)

State of the Republic

d)

Executive Update

45.

What is the term for a president’s formal proposal of a candidate to fill a position, such as a cabinet member or Supreme Court justice.

a)

Nomination

b)

Appointment

c)

Hiring

d)

Acquirement

46.

Which amendment limited the term of office for President to two terms?

a)

The 14th Amendment

b)

The 19th Amendment

c)

The 22nd Amendment

d)

The 11th Amendment

47.

All of the following are presidential powers EXCEPT the authority to:

a)

Negotiate treaties

b)

Veto legislation

c)

Nominate cabinet members

d)

Declare war

48.

Presidents have had the most success in changing the direction of the decisions of the federal judiciary by:

a)

Using the media to build consensus for the President’s position

b)

Requesting that Congress reduce the term of office that judges may serve

c)

Pressuring Congress to pass the appropriate legislation to override judicial opinions

d)

Using the appointment process to select judges with judicial philosophies similar to those of the President

49.

The Senate must confirm all of the following presidential appointments EXCEPT:

a)

United States attorneys

b)

United States Supreme Court justices

c)

Federal judges

d)

White House staff

50.

Congress is most likely to exert oversight of the executive bureaucracy in which of the following ways?

a)

Directly selecting the head of an executive agency

b)

Impeaching the head of an executive agency

c)

Changing the term length of heads of independent regulatory commissions

d)

Controlling an executive agency’s annual budget

51.

To influence policy making by the federal courts, the president may do all of the following EXCEPT:

a)

Take political ideology into account in making judicial appointments

b)

Make public statements about issues that might appear before the courts

c)

Encourage the Justice Department to get involved in cases that test certain issues

d)

Fire and replace federal judges

52.

Which of the following procedures results in the removal of the President from office?

a)

The House and Senate vote for impeachment, and the Supreme Court reaches a guilty verdict.

b)

The House and Senate both vote for a bill of impeachment.

c)

A criminal court finds the President guilty of “high crimes and misdemeanors.”

d)

The House votes for impeachment, and the Senate conducts a trial and reaches a guilty verdict.

53.

The president is most likely to use an executive order to make important policy when:

a)

Congress is dominated by the president’s party

b)

The Supreme Court is divided along ideological lines

c)

A negotiation with foreign heads of state reaches an impasse

d)

A compromise cannot be reached with Congress

54.

Appointments for the federal judiciary are often contentious for which of the following reasons?

a)

The House of Representatives can undermine presidential authority by overriding judicial appointments.

b)

The president selects nominees based on political orientation, while the Senate focuses on the academic credentials of nominees.

c)

Federal judges are given a platform to legislate from the bench, and the Senate is hesitant about relinquishing power to the judiciary.

d)

Life terms for federal judges mean that presidential appointments will continue to have influence long after the president’s term is over.

55.

Which of the following is an accurate statement about the information in the line graph?

a)

Defense spending has consistently been a larger part of the federal budget than entitlement spending.

b)

Between 1980 and 2000, defense spending increased faster than entitlement spending.

c)

In 2000 entitlement spending passed defense spending as a share of the federal budget.

d)

Entitlement spending has steadily become a larger portion of the federal budget.

56.
How does the executive branch "check" the Supreme Court? 
a)
appointing members of Congress to committee
b)
appointing Supreme Court justices
c)
appointing members to The Cabinet
d)
appointing The Speaker of the House
57.

When a government it spending more money than it is making, it is operating in a...

a)

deficit

b)

surplus

c)

IOU

d)

interest

58.

Spending required by law

a)

discretionary spending

b)

mandatory spending

c)

federal spending

d)

surplus spending

59.

This is the yearly plan for how the US Government will spend the money it takes from taxes and borrowing

a)

federal budget

b)

national debt

c)

discretionary spending

d)

mandatory spending

60.
The branch of government that enforces the laws is the __________. 
a)
Executive Branch
b)
Legislative Branch
c)
Judicial Branch
61.
If the President vetoes a bill, the congress can still pass the bill by 
a)
Impeaching the President
b)
Overriding the bill with a 2/3 majority 
c)
Taking it to the Supreme Court
d)
Ignoring the President
62.
Article II of the Constitution established the ____________ branch. This Branch _________ _____.
a)
Presidential/ Enforces Laws
b)
Executive/ Enforces Laws
c)
Judicial/ Interprets Laws
d)
Legislative/ Makes Laws
63.

Appealing to citizens directly, giving the State of the Union address, approving or vetoing legislation and appointing officials to carry out laws are all how the President does what?

a)

Expressing power

b)

Influence voting

c)

Influence policymaking

d)

Fulfilling jobs

64.

A group of advisers to the President that include the heads of departments are called the what?

a)

The Senate

b)

The Cabinet

c)

The Ambassadors

d)

The Diplomats

65.

How old do you have to be to run for President?

a)

25

b)

30

c)

35

d)

40

66.

What president caused the 22nd amendment (2 term limits) to be passed?

a)

Theodore Roosevelt

b)

Franklin D. Roosevelt

c)

John F. Kennedy

d)

Woodrow Wilson

67.

 

Which article established (started) the Judicial Branch?

a)

Article 1

b)

Article 2

c)

Article 3

d)

Article 4

68.

Which of these is NOT one of the three federal court systems?

a)

Supreme Court

b)

U.S Circuit Court

c)

U.S. District Courts

d)

County Courts

69.

A court's authority to hear a case for the first time is called ______.

a)

Original Jurisdiction

b)

Appellate Jurisdiction

c)

First Jurisdiction

d)

Primary Jurisdiction

70.

The Supreme Court has the power of Judicial Review. What is Judicial Review?

a)

when the Supreme Court enforces the laws of the Legislative Branch

b)

when the Supreme Court decides if a law or executive action is constitutional or not

c)

when the Supreme Court vetoes a Bill from Congress

d)

when the Supreme Court creates a new law

71.

What Supreme Court case established the concept of judicial review?

a)

Brown v. Board of Ed.

b)

McCulloch v. Maryland

c)

U.S. v Lopez

d)

Marbury v. Madison

72.

How many Supreme Court Justices must agree to hear a case before the court will take it?

a)

3

b)

4

c)

6

d)

7

73.

Supreme Court nominees are confirmed by...

a)

House of Representatives

b)

President

c)

Senate

d)

Chief Justice

74.

If a Supreme Court justice agrees with the decision of the court, but did not agree with the reasoning of how they came to that conclusion, the justice may write a ____.

a)

Plurality Opinion

b)

Majority Opinion

c)

Dissenting Opinion

d)

Concurring opinion

75.

What is the opinion of the Supreme Court justices who make up the minority?

a)

Dissenting Opinion

b)

Majority Opinion

c)

Concurring Opinion

d)

Plurality Opinion

76.

A ruling in an earlier case that is regarded as an example or guide to be considered in subsequent cases is a ______.

a)

Writ of Certiorari

b)

Majority Opinion

c)

Precedent

d)

Original jurisdiction

77.

Justices who believe that the court should act as an instrument of public policy are said to have which judicial philosophy?

a)

Judicial Activism

b)

Judicial Restraint

c)

Conservative

d)

Liberal

78.

This orders a lower court to deliver its records in a case so that a higher court may review it

a)

Amicus Curiae Brief

b)

Writ of Certiorari

c)

Precedent

d)

Rule of Four

79.

This principle means "let the decision stand"

a)

Writ of Certiorari

b)

Precedent

c)

Amicus curiae

d)

Stare decisis

80.

This document, written by Alexander Hamilton, makes the argument that justices should have lifetime appointments and have the power of judicial review.

a)

Federalist 10

b)

Federalist 51

c)

Federalist 70

d)

Federalist 78

81.

Changing jurisdiction of federal courts to limit their power to hear cases on a particular issue is called ______.

a)

Court Stripping

b)

Unanimous decision

c)

Rule of Four

d)

Writ of Mandamus

82.
Executive orders are issued by…
a)
independent regulatory agencies
b)
Congress 
c)
any federal agency or department
d)
The President 
83.
Which of the following is NOT a method a president can use to control the bureaucracy?
a)
request a congressional oversight hearing 
b)
appoint people to head an agency who share the presidentʹs goals and strategies 
c)
influence an agency’s recommended budget
d)
issue executive orders or more informal requests 
84.
Congress tries to control the bureaucracy through…
a)
rewriting laws, controlling budgets and holding hearings 
b)
the use of executive orders and appointments
c)
the creation of iron triangles
d)
dismissing members of the President’s cabinet 
85.
Issue networks are…
a)
An informal and relatively open network of public officials, think tanks, political pundits and lobbyists who have a common interest in a given area and who are brought together by a proposed policy in that area
b)
the relatively new television stations that specialize in political coverage
c)
two or more agencies that share regulatory power when a policy or regulation affects more than one regulatory body
d)
the same as ʺiron trianglesʺ 
86.
An obstacle to the successful implementation of public policy is…
a)
the failure of Congress to pass authorizing legislation
b)
the over-specialization of civil service employees 
c)
unclear policy goals and poorly designed policies
d)
competition between the private and public sectors
87.
The parts of the federal bureaucracy with responsibility for different sectors of the economy, and making and enforcing rules designed to protect the public interest, are the..
a)
independent executive agencies
b)
independent regulatory agencies
c)
government corporations
d)
cabinet departments 
88.
Patronage is a hiring and promotion system based on…
a)
knowing the right people
b)
civil service exams
c)
talent and skill
d)
the Pendleton Act 
89.
Which of the following statements about bureaucracies is FALSE? 
a)
Bureaucratic power extends to every corner of American economic and social life 
b)
Bureaucracies are scarcely hinted at in the Constitution
c)
Nothing better illustrates the complexity of modern government than its massive bureaucracies
d)
How to manage and control bureaucracies is a central problem of democratic government 
90.
 Considered as a single group, the Small Business Administration, the Small Business committees in the House and Senate, and small business advocacy groups are an example of...
a)
an iron triangle
b)
a conference committee 
c)
a regulatory agency
d)
dual federalism
91.
A member of the president’s cabinet is said to have “gone native” when that cabinet member... 
a)
resigns to take a position as a consultant to lobbying groups
b)
accepts bribes or expensive favors from businesses regulated by his or her department
c)
places his or her department’s priorities above the president’s
d)
suggests merging his or her department into another executive department 
92.
The spoils system of awarding civil service jobs was replaced by the merit system as a result of the...
a)
Pendleton Act of 1883
b)
National Industrial Recovery Act 
c)
Fair Labor Standards Act of 1961 
d)
Truman Doctrine
93.
Which of the following are cabinet departments of the bureaucracy?
I. Veterans Affairs
II. Agriculture
III. White House Counsel
IV. Transportation 
a)
I and IV only 
b)
I, II, and III
c)
I, II, and IV
d)
III and IV only
94.
The Office of Management and Budget has the primary responsibility for doing which of the following? 
a)
Implementing federal unemployment policy 
b)
Preparing the budget
c)
Appropriating funds for the budget 
d)
Approving the budget
95.
Which of the following is the best predictor of the Department of Education's annual budget?
a)
The preferences of the Chair of the Senate Finance Committee 
b)
The budget recommendations of the National Education Association
c)
The number of children entering kindergarten 
d)
The size of the previous year's budget 
96.
Which of the following is true of independent regulatory agencies? 
a)
They tend to have larger budgets than cabinet departments.
b)
They tend to be freer from presidential control than are cabinet departments.
c)
They are insulated from contact with interest groups.
d)
They are directly supervised by cabinet departments.
97.
Which of the following was passed to keep political views from impacting the performance of the federal bureaucracy?
a)
The Hatch Act
b)
The Budget and Impoundment Act
c)
The War Powers Act 
d)
The Judiciary Act
98.
An advantage that bureaucrats in federal government have over the President in the policymaking process is that bureaucrats
a)
control the budgetary process
b)
have an independence from the President that is guaranteed by the Constitution
c)
usually have a continuity of service in the executive branch that the President lacks
d)
have better access to the media than does the President
99.
The fact that executive orders have been used at an increasing rate indicates which of the following?
a)
Executive orders speed up the process by which Congress passes legislation
b)
The power of the president is growing
c)
The president is using the power of persuasion to maintain party discipline
d)
Executive orders are a tactic used by the executive branch to challenge legislation the president opposes.
100.
An independent regulatory agency is usually governed by
a)
a single executive appointed by the Senate committee responsible for the agencyʹs oversight.
b)
members of the Senior Executive Service of the federal civil service
c)
a small commission, usually with five to ten members, appointed by the president for fixed terms
d)
a small commission, usually with five to ten members, appointed by the president and subject to presidential firing.
101.
Which of the following is the most important consideration in evaluating the power of a bureaucracy? 
a)
The number of employees in it. 
b)
The importance of its functions
c)
The amount of discretionary authority that its officials have. 
d)
The extent to which its actions are supported by the public. 
102.
Which statement best describes how the text of the Constitution addresses the issue of granting regulatory power to bureaucrats?
a)
It allows transfer of congressional power during a declared war. 
b)
It is silent on the matter. 
c)
It allows transfer of congressional power with presidential approval
d)
It prohibits transfer of congressional power. 
103.
Which cabinet department currently has the largest budget in the United States?
a)
Defense
b)
Transportation
c)
Education
d)
Veteran's Affairs
104.
Which of the following statements is NOT true?
a)
Bureaucrats shape public policy.
b)
Bureaucrats implement the will of Congress.
c)
Bureaucrats are not held accountable by federal courts
d)
Bureaucrats engage in rulemaking.
105.
The MOST substantial control that Congress exerts on the bureaucracy is through its power to
a)
pass laws.
b)
decide how much money will be appropriated for agency programs.
c)
approve an agency's appointees.
d)
order audits of agency activities.
106.
The main job of federal bureaucrats is to...
a)
implement and regulate government policies
b)
compete with the private sector for monopoly power
c)
protect the interests of their constituencies
d)
advise the president and Cabinet on internal affairs.

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