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WorksheetsKinesiology final review Gait
Total questions: 37
Worksheet time: 28mins
What is the amount of "toe-out" angle from the long axis of the foot called?
Genu valgum
Foot angle
Tibial torsion
Coxa vara
What is the distance from one foot strike to the other foot strike?
Stride length
Step width
Cadence
Step length
What is the distance covered during one gait cycle?
Step length
Cadence
Stride length
Step width
What is the lateral distance between the heel centers of two feet?
Step length
Stride length
Cadence
Step width
When does double support take place during the gait cycle?
At the initial swing phase
At the midstance
At the first and last 10% of stance
At the terminal swing phase
What is considered the most functional measure of an individual's gait?
Cadence
Stride length
Step width
Walking speed
What is the time it takes to complete one gait cycle?
Step time
Stance time
Swing time
Stride time
What is the number of steps in a given time?
Step time
Gait cycle
Cadence
Step length
What factor can affect temporal descriptors in gait analysis?
Shoe type
Walking surface
Age
Stride length
Which of the following represents the components of the stance phase in gait?
Initial contact, midswing, terminal stance, pre-swing
Initial contact, midswing, terminal stance, pre-swing
Loading response, midstance, terminal stance, pre-swing
Toe-off, acceleration, midstance, deceleration
Which of the following represents the components of the swing phase in gait?
Heel contact, foot flat, midstance, heel off
Early swing, midswing, late swing, heel contact
Loading response, midstance, terminal stance, pre-swing
Toe-off, acceleration, midstance, deceleration
In Ranchos Los Amigos Gait Analysis, what does foot flat correspond to in the gait cycle?
Midstance
Heel contact
Loading response
Terminal stance
Which two phases are listed the same between traditional gait and Ranchos Los Amigos in gait analysis?
Initial contact and Loading response
Midstance and Midswing
Heel contact and Terminal stance
Toe-off and Pre-swing
In gait analysis, when does the maximal shift to the right occur, and what happens to the base of support (BOS) during this phase?
Initial contact, narrower BOS
Midstance on the right, wider BOS
Terminal stance, narrower BOS
Pre-swing, wider BOS
Which of the following is a common sagittal plane deformity?
Knee varus
Ankle dorsiflexion
Hip flexion contracture
Forefoot supination
What range of motion at the hip is required for normal gait?
20 degrees of flexion, 5 degrees of extension
30 degrees of flexion, 10 degrees of extension
15 degrees of flexion, 20 degrees of extension
25 degrees of flexion, 15 degrees of extension
What can loss of hip motion cause in the sagittal plane?
Lateral pelvic tilt
Anterior or posterior pelvic tilts
Hip abduction
Increased knee flexion
At heel contact during normal gait, how many degrees is the knee flexed?
10 degrees
15 degrees
5 degrees and increases to 10 and 15
20 degrees
How many degrees of knee flexion is required by midswing during normal gait?
30 degrees
45 degrees
60 degrees and then extends to reach for heel strike
75 degrees
What does a knee flexion contracture result in?
Lengthening of the limb
Extension of the knee and ankle
A functionally shorter limb and flexion of the knee and ankle as well
Hyperextension of the knee
When is the greatest amount of dorsiflexion needed?
Heel contact
Foot flat
Midstance
Toe-off
What happens during midstance to maintain isometric dorsiflexion through swing?
Ankle dorsiflexion
Plantarflexion
Supination
Pronation
What occurs when there is a loss of plantarflexion?
Increase in push-off
Longer step length
Decrease in push-off and shorter step length
Increase in dorsiflexion
What can lead to an increase in hip flexion and hip hiking to clear the foot from the ground?
Increase in dorsiflexion
Loss of plantarflexion
Increase in plantarflexion
Loss of dorsiflexion
What kind of gait is caused by excessive plantar flexion on the stance leg to compensate for a longer leg on the swing side?
Trendelenburg gait
Vaulting gait
Duck gait
Ataxic gait
What is foot slap?
Loss of eccentric control of dorsiflexors
Excessive pronation
Excessive pronation
Inability to clear the foot during swing phase
Extension of what joint is crucial to a normal gait in order to help clear the foot from the ground between heel-off and toe-off?
Knee joint
Hip joint
Ankle joint
1st MTP joint
Due to limited MTP extension, hallux rigidis can form and cause a toe-out gait which can then lead to what?
Hallux varus deformity
Hallux valgus deformity (bunion)
Hammertoe deformity
Claw toe deformity
What muscles eccentrically control the iliac crests during the stance phase?
Gluteus maximus
Gluteus medius
Gluteus medius
Tensor fasciae latae
If we do not have eccentric control during the stance phase of gluteus medius, what kind of pathological gait might we see?
Antalgic gait
Ataxic gait
Trendelenburg gait
Steppage gait
What is a component of a compensated Trendelenburg gait?
Increased step length on the unaffected side
Lateral shifting of the trunk over the stance leg
Decreased hip drop on the swing side
Increased knee flexion on the affected side
When does the amount of pelvic rotation increase?
During initial contact
During midstance
With increased speed of ambulation
During terminal stance
What changes with a running gait?
Increased double support
Increased stride length
Two periods of flight instead of double support
Decreased cadence
What can cause a pathological gait?
Comfortable footwear
Regular exercise
Proper nutrition
Pain, CNS disorders, MSK system impairments
How do we define a pathological gait?
A normal walking pattern
An efficient running style
An effort to preserve ambulation through adaptation
An athletic gait
What kind of pathological gait might you see with a Parkinson’s patient?
Stride gait
Festinating gait
Trendelenburg gait
Vaulting gait
What does gait require?
Balance, ability to transfer weight, strength and stability, and ability to constantly adapt
Running shoes, appropriate attire, and a fitness tracker
Running shoes, appropriate attire, and a fitness tracker
Only leg strength
