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H-BIO_Cell Cycle and DNA Replication

Total questions: 130

Worksheet time: 2hrs 44mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

What are the three parts of signal transduction pathway?

a)

reception, transduction, response

b)

confirmation, transduction, transcription

c)

reception, amplification, transcription

d)

confirmation, amplification, response

2.

Transduction step traditionally amplifies the signal, which of the following are NOT involved with transduction?

a)

secondary messengers

b)

protein modification

c)

phosphorylation cascade

d)

ligands

3.

Describe what occurs when the ligand binds to the receptor.

a)

confirmation change in shape of receptor

b)

phosphorylation of ligand

c)

ligand passes through the membrane

d)

receptor binds additional ligands

4.

Which of the following is NOT a response by the cell from a signal transduction pathway?

a)

cell growth

b)

gene expression

c)

secretion of molecules

d)

all of the above are responses

5.

Which of the following is NOT a stage of the cell cycle?

a)

interphase

b)

cytokinesis

c)

mitosis

d)

apoptosis

6.

Which of the following is the stage where the cell no longer divides?

a)

G0

b)

G1

c)

G2

d)

S

7.

Which of the following describes the order of the steps in mitosis?

a)

metaphase, telophase, anaphase, prophase

b)

prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase

c)

telophase, anaphase, metaphase, prophase

d)

prophase, anaphase, metaphase, telophase

8.

Describe the interaction between cyclin and CdK.

a)

cyclin interacts with CdK to initiate the mitotic phase

b)

cyclin is the precursor to CdK, when synthesized allow for mitosis proceed

c)

cyclin acts as an inhibitor to CdK to wait for all DNA to be synthesized

d)

cyclin binds to CdK to initiate DNA replication

9.

Mitosis results in...

a)

2 identical diploid cells

b)

4 unique diploid cells

c)

2 unique haploid cells

d)

4 identical haploid cells

10.

Plant cells can exchange small soluble compounds with neighboring cells directly through junctions in the cell wall called -

a)

gap junctions

b)

thylakoids

c)

stomata

d)

plasmodesmata

11.

Glucagon causes the breakdown of stored glycogen into glucose for cells. What conditions would trigger the release of glucagon?

a)

High blood sugar

b)

Low blood pH

c)

High heart rate

d)

Low cellular ATP concentration

12.

If a medicine works by blocking a secondary messenger, what effect would it have on that cell signaling pathway?

a)

It would increase the response if the pathway

b)

It would trigger the release of more ligands

c)

It would activate the transcription of a desired gene

d)

It would inhibit transduction, thus deactivating the response

13.

Which of the following describes anaphase?

a)

Chromatin condenses into chromosomes, and the nuclear membrane is broken down

b)

Sister chromatids are separated and kinetochores begin pulling chromosomes to opposite poles

c)

Spindle fibers attach to centromeres and begin moving sister chromatids towards the cell's equator

d)

Chromosomes decondense and two nuclei form within the cell

14.

What is the end result of mitosis?

a)

An undifferentiated stem cell

b)

4 genetically unique haploid cells

c)

2 genetically identical diploid cells

d)

2 genetically unique daughter cells

15.

What would happen is protein phosphatases were defective?

a)

Cancerous cells would take advantage and grow uncontrollably because the cell cycle will shut down.

b)

Gametes would take advantage and grow uncontrollably because the cell cycle cannot shut down.

c)

Gametes would take advantage and grow uncontrollably because the cell cycle will shut down.

d)

Cancerous cells would take advantage and grow uncontrollably because the cell cycle cannot shut down.

16.

Which type of feedback loop would mammals use to maintain a constant body temperature or say 124.6 C?

a)

Homeostatic

b)

Postive

c)

Negative

d)

Isotonic

17.

Phase involving microtubules to separate sister chromatids to opposite poles of the cell.

a)

anaphase

b)

metaphase

c)

prophase

d)

telophase

18.

Which checkpoint involves ensuring all microtubules are attached to kinetochores?

a)

G1

b)

G2

c)

M

d)

S

19.

Which of the following describes the order of processes in the cell cycle?

a)

Interphase, Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase, Cytokinesis

b)

Prophase, Metaphase, Interphase, Anaphase, Telophase, Cytokinesis

c)

Interphase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Prophase, Cytokinesis, Telophase

d)

Prophase, Anaphase, Metaphase, Interphase, Cytokinesis

20.

Phase involving pairing of sister chromatids and condensation of chromatin into chromosomes

a)

Anaphase

b)

Metaphase

c)

Prophase

d)

Telophase

21.

Which of the following describes the result of mitosis?

a)

2 identical, haploid cells

b)

4 non-identical haploid cells

c)

2 identical, diploid cells

d)

4 non-identical, diploid cells

22.

Which checkpoint involves determining whether the cell should divide?

a)

G1

b)

G2

c)

M

d)

S

23.

Phase involving formation of nuclear envelope around separated chromosomes

a)

Anaphase

b)

Metaphase

c)

Prophase

d)

Telophase

24.

Phase involving sister chromatids aligning on plate in middle of cell.

a)

anaphase

b)

metaphase

c)

prophase

d)

telophase

25.

Which checkpoint involves ensuring all DNA has been replicated and "no" errors exist?

a)

G1

b)

G2

c)

M

d)

S

26.

Which of the following occurs BEFORE the process of mitosis?

a)

Sister chromatids pair up

b)

DNA replicates

c)

Chromatin is condensed to chromosomes

d)

Cytoplasm is divided between two cells

27.

Match the following enzymes to their roles in DNA replication.

a)

Ligase

1.

Fills in the gaps in the new DNA strands

b)

DNA polymerase

2.

Synthesizes the new strands of DNA

c)

Primase

3.

Adds a small RNA "primer"

d)

Helicase

4.

Unwinds the parent DNA strands

28.

When does DNA replication take place?

a)

Whenever new genes are needed

b)

During the S phase of the cell cycle

c)

In the middle of mitosis or meiosis

d)

Immediately before cytokinesis begins

29.

Which Image represents Telophase?

a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
30.

Which Image represents Anaphase?

a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
31.

Which Image represents Metaphase?

a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
32.

Which Image represents Prophase?

a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
33.

Which Image represents Interphase?

a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
34.

Which phase of Mitosis is pictured?

a)

Interphase

b)

Prophase

c)

Metaphase

d)

Anaphase

e)

Telophase

35.

Which phase of Mitosis is pictured?

a)

Interphase

b)

Prophase

c)

Metaphase

d)

Anaphase

e)

Telophase

36.

Which phase of Mitosis is pictured?

a)

Interphase

b)

Prophase

c)

Metaphase

d)

Anaphase

e)

Telophase

37.

Which phase of Mitosis is pictured?

a)

Interphase

b)

Prophase

c)

Metaphase

d)

Anaphase

e)

Telophase

38.

Which phase of Mitosis is pictured?

a)

Interphase

b)

Prophase

c)

Metaphase

d)

Anaphase

e)

Telophase

39.

Which phase is being described? Nucleus is visible, DNA is making copies, Cell is growing, Cell is getting ready to divide.

a)

Interphase

b)

Prophase

c)

Metaphase

d)

Anaphase

e)

Telophase

40.

Which phase is being described? Chromatin organizes and condenses into chromosomes. Chromosomes are in the X shape and clearly visible. Nuclear membrane vanishes.

a)

Interphase

b)

Prophase

c)

Metaphase

d)

Anaphase

e)

Telophase

41.

Which phase is being described? Chromosomes line up in the middle. Spindle Fibers form. Spindle Fibers attach to the centromeres.

a)

Interphase

b)

Prophase

c)

Metaphase

d)

Anaphase

e)

Telophase

42.

Which phase is being described? Two nuclear membranes form. Chromosomes start to unravel. Cytoplasm begins to pinch.

a)

Interphase

b)

Prophase

c)

Metaphase

d)

Anaphase

e)

Telophase

43.

Which phase is being described? Centromeres break. Chromatids pulled to opposite sides. Spindle fibers pull.

a)

Interphase

b)

Prophase

c)

Metaphase

d)

Anaphase

e)

Telophase

44.

What is being described? Cytoplasm finishes pinching. Chromosomes finish unraveling. Two new daughter cells are completed.

a)

Cytokinesis

b)

Prophase

c)

Metaphase

d)

Anaphase

e)

Telophase

45.

Which hormone is most directly related to osmoregulation?

a)

Insulin

b)

HGH

c)

ADH

d)

Adrenaline

46.

What evidence is there that cell communication is a process that has evolved over billions of years?

a)

Only cells with a nucleus are able to communicate effectively

b)

The processes are very similar in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells

c)

Eukaryotic cells have much more advanced signaling pathways

d)

Prokaryotic cells are much more efficient at communicating.

47.

Plant cells can exchange small soluble compounds with neighboring cells directly through junctions in the cell wall called -

a)

gap junctions

b)

thylakoids

c)

stomata

d)

plasmodesmata

48.

Which of these is a common type of final response in a signal transduction pathway?

a)

Activation of a G-protein receptor

b)

Transcription of a desired mRNA sequence

c)

Formation of cAMP

d)

Phosphorylation cascade

49.

A mutation in a cell membrane receptor would most likely have what effect on a signal transduction pathway?

a)

Reduce the response of the pathway

b)

An alternative response will be expressed

c)

Increase ligand binding

d)

Increase ligand release from the effector cell

50.

A person with an insulin deficiency would have trouble regulating what condition in their body?

a)

Blood calcium

b)

Blood pH

c)

Blood sugar

d)

Blood temperature

51.

Glucagon causes the breakdown of stored glycogen into glucose for cells. What conditions would trigger the release of glucagon?

a)

High blood sugar

b)

Low blood pH

c)

High heart rate

d)

Low cellular ATP concentration

52.

This diagram shows transduction of a signal. How is the signal being transduced to its target location in the cell?

a)

A hormone is binding to an intracellular protein receptor

b)

Transport vesicles are passing neurotransmitters to neighboring cells

c)

Enzymes are passing phosphate groups down a series of proteins

d)

cAMP is formed activating a desired response

53.

What is a catabolic reaction?

a)

A reaction that requires an input of energy

b)

A reaction that forms complex molecules from simple building blocks

c)

A reaction that releases energy

d)

A reaction that breaks down complex molecules into their components

54.

Why do hormones not affect every cell in the body when they are released?

a)

All cells are affected by a hormone when it is released

b)

A cell needs a specific receptor for the hormone to be affected

c)

A cell must have the proper ATP levels to activate a cellular response

d)

Cells need compatible DNA for the hormone to activate transcription of a gene

55.

Secondary messengers that can activate or deactivate enzymes in a cell are typically part of which step of cell signaling?

a)

Reception

b)

Transduction

c)

Response

56.

Why do mutations in receptor proteins affect cell signaling?

a)

The receptor needs the proper sequence of amino acids to interact with the cell membrane

b)

The receptor needs a specific shape to bind to it's ligand

c)

The receptor must have the right polarity to interact with it's ligand

d)

All of the above

57.

Which of these cellular components are most directly involved with density dependent inhibition in the cell cycle?

a)

Membrane proteins

b)

Spindle fibers

c)

Nucleus

d)

Centrioles

58.

If a medicine works by blocking a secondary messenger, what effect would it have on that cell signaling pathway?

a)

It would increase the response if the pathway

b)

It would trigger the release of more ligands

c)

It would activate the transcription of a desired gene

d)

It would inhibit transduction, thus deactivating the response

59.

When we are dehydrated, ADH is released which causes more water to be absorbed into our bloodstream. What type of feedback does this represent?

a)

Positive feedback

b)

Negative feedback

60.

Which of the following is an example of positive feedback?

a)

Insulin lowering blood sugar

b)

Immune cells releasing inflammatory cytokines

c)

Breathing faster to release excess CO2

d)

Shivering to increase blood temperature

61.

How is negative feedback different from positive feedback?

a)

Negative feedback harms the body

b)

Negative feedback works to reverse a change in a system

c)

Negative feedback is rarer than positive

d)

Negative feedback is slower than positive feedback

62.

What important event happens during the S-phase of the cell cycle?

a)

The mitotic spindle forms

b)

The nuclear membrane breaks down

c)

DNA replication

d)

Sister chromatids separate

63.

After metaphase what phase occurs next in mitosis?

a)

Prophase

b)

Prometaphase

c)

Anaphase

d)

Telophase

64.

Which of the following describes anaphase?

a)

Chromatin condenses into chromosomes, and the nuclear membrane is broken down

b)

Sister chromatids are separated and kinetochores begin pulling chromosomes to opposite poles

c)

Spindle fibers attach to centromeres and begin moving sister chromatids towards the cell's equator

d)

Chromosomes decondense and two nuclei form within the cell

65.

How much DNA should a daughter cell at the end of cytokinesis have when compared to the original parent cell?

a)

Half the amount

b)

The exact same amount

c)

Double the amount

66.

What is the primary purpose of mitosis?

a)

Evenly divide the cytoplasm of the cell

b)

Creating an exact copy of a cell's genetic material

c)

Protect an organism from mutations

d)

Ensure genetic material is properly transferred to daughter cells

67.

What is the end result of mitosis?

a)

An undifferentiated stem cell

b)

4 genetically unique haploid cells

c)

2 genetically identical diploid cells

d)

2 genetically unique daughter cells

68.

Which phase of the cell cycle does the cell spend the greatest amount of time in?

a)

S phase

b)

Interphase

c)

M-phase

d)

Cytokinesis

69.

Mutations in genes that regulate the cell cycle will most likely lead to what disease?

a)

Cancer

b)

Apoptosis

c)

Meiosis

d)

Diabetes

70.

How are cancerous cell different from healthy cells?

a)

The have a much shorter cell cycle

b)

They do not need nutrients to survive

c)

They are reliant upon density dependent inhibition

d)

They have twice as much genetic material

71.

How are cyclins and CDKs involved with the cell cycle?

a)

Cyclins stop the cell cycle from proceeding

b)

Cyclins and CDKs make up a protein ring used to perform cytokinesis

c)

Cyclins activate CDKs, which perform the work of cell division

d)

CDKs are secreted from cells to trigger division in neighboring cells

72.
The process by which the nuclear material is divided equally between two new cells
a)
mitosis
b)
cancer
c)
spindle
d)
centromere
73.
Structure (b) is a ____.
a)
chromosome
b)
chromatid
c)
centromere
74.
Structure (c) is a ____.
a)
chromosome
b)
chromatid
c)
centromere
75.
Name the phase:
a)
Anaphase
b)
Telophase
c)
Metaphase
d)
Prophase
76.
What is the next phase of mitosis?
a)
Prophase
b)
Metaphase
c)
Anaphase
d)
Telophase
77.
What is the next phase of mitosis?
a)
Prophase
b)
Metaphase
c)
Anaphase
d)
Telophase
78.
What is the next phase of mitosis?
a)
Prophase
b)
Metaphase
c)
Anaphase
d)
Telophase
79.
Name the phase:
a)
Prophase
b)
Metaphase
c)
Anaphase
d)
Telophase
80.
The organelle that helps in cell division and produces spindle fibers.
a)
Chromosome
b)
Centriole
c)
Cytoplasm
d)
Chloroplast
81.
The stages of mitosis in order
a)
Metaphase, Anaphase, Prophase, Telophase
b)
Prophase, Anaphase, Metaphase, Telophase
c)
Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase
d)
Anaphase, Prophase, Telophase, Metaphase
82.
Nuclear membrane forms around chromosomes and begins to separate.
a)
Anaphase
b)
Telophase
83.
a)

Prophase

b)

Interphase

c)

Anaphase

d)

Telophase

84.
The phase in mitosis where chromosomes move away and are pulled apart by spindles to opposite sides of the cell.
a)
prophase
b)
anaphase
c)
metaphase
d)
telephase
85.
Why would it be important to replicate DNA before a cell divides in mitosis or meiosis?
a)
In order for genetic information to be transferred into daughter cells.
b)
In order for the cell to be able to increase in size.
c)
In order for the DNA to be contained in the nucleus.
d)
In order for the cell to re-order the DNA sequencing in the new cells.
86.
In which phase does the cell spend most of it's life?
a)
Interphase
b)
Nuclear Division
c)
Telophase
d)
Mitosis
87.
DNA will condense into...
a)
Centromeres
b)
Chromosomes
c)
Nuclei
d)
Spindle fibers
88.
Before cells can divide, what must be copied?
a)
mitochondria
b)
cytoplasm
c)
DNA
d)
Cell Wall
89.
What process does a multi-cellular organism use to replace its damaged body cells?
a)
mitosis
b)
meiosis
c)
replication
d)
transcription
90.
DNA is replicated during the ______ phase of the cell cycle.
a)
G1
b)
Synthesis
c)
G2
d)
G0
91.
Results of cell division or mitosis include all of the following EXCEPT?
a)
growth
b)
repair damaged cells
c)
replace damaged cells
d)
dead cells
92.

A structure made up of different types of tissue and performs a specific job.

a)

cells

b)

tissue

c)

organ

d)

organ system

93.
A group of similar cells that perform the same function.
a)
tissue
b)
organelle
c)
mass
d)
tendon
94.

The liver is a dark red structure in the human body that releases bile and hormones. At what level of organization is the liver?

a)

Cell

b)

Tissue

c)

Organ

d)

Organ System

95.

Which sequence BEST describes the levels of organization from simplest to most complex?

a)

Organism, Organ, Tissue, Cell

b)

Cell, Tissue, Organ, Organ System

c)

Cell, Organ, Tissue, Organ System

d)

Organism, Cell, Organ System, Organ

96.

Check the two correct boxes:

a)

Plant Cell - cell plate; Animal Cell - cleavage furrow

b)

Plant Cell - cleavage furrow; Animal Cell - cell plate

97.

Identical cells formed during cell division are called:

a)

daughter organelles

b)

daughter cycles

c)

daughter nucleus

d)

daughter cells

98.

The ____________ ensures that our body’s grow and repair

themselves.

a)

The cell growth

b)

The cell repair

c)

The cell recycle

d)

The cell cycle

99.

The process by which a cell nucleus divides is called:

a)

interphase

b)

mitosis

c)

cytokinesis

d)

cell cycle

100.

The phase of mitosis when chromosomes align in the

middle is called ________

a)

anaphase

b)

prophase

c)

telophase

d)

metaphase

101.

The first phase of mitosis is called _______________ .

a)

telophase

b)

metaphase

c)

anaphase

d)

prophase

102.

The stage of mitosis where the sister chromatids separate:

a)

prophase

b)

anaphase

c)

telophase

d)

metaphase

103.

During mitosis chromosomes meet in the middle to get divided into two daughter cells in a phase called:

a)

prophase

b)

anaphase

c)

metaphase

d)

telophase

104.
What is the cell cycle?
a)
The gradual development of something, especially from a simple to a more complex form.
b)
The study of heredity and the variation of inherited characteristics.
c)
The branch of biology that deals with the relations of organisms to one another and to their physical surroundings.
d)
The series of events that take place in a cell leading to its division and duplication of its DNA to produce two daughter cells.
105.
Which part of the Cell Cycle takes the longest?
a)
Interphase
b)
Mitosis
c)
Prophase
d)
Cytokinesis
106.
What happens in the first part of Interphase?
a)
Mitosis
b)
Cell Growth
c)
DNA Replication
d)
Anaphase
107.
What does DNA Replication mean?
a)
DNA is made.
b)
DNA makes new cells. 
c)
DNA copies itself.
d)
DNA starts the cell cycle.
108.
What phase is this cell in?
a)
Cytokinesis
b)
Mitosis
c)
Prophase
d)
Metaphase
109.
What phase is this cell in?
a)
Mitosis
b)
Interphase
c)
Anaphase
d)
Telophase
110.
What phase is this cell in?
a)
Mitosis
b)
Cytokinesis
c)
Prophase
d)
Telophase
111.
What phase is this cell in?
a)
Mitosis
b)
Interphase
c)
Prophase
d)
Telophase
112.
What part of the cell cycle is this cell in?
a)
Mitosis
b)
Interphase
c)
Telophase
d)
Cytokinesis
113.
What is the longest phase in MITOSIS?
a)
Prophase
b)
Metaphase
c)
Interphase
d)
Anaphase
114.
During what stage does the G1, S and G2 phases happen?
a)
Interphase
b)
M phase
c)
Mitosis
d)
Cytokinesis
115.
During which stage of the cell cycle does mitosis and cytokinesis occur?
a)
Interphase
b)
S phase
c)
M phase
d)
G1 phase
116.
Put the following stages of mitosis in order: anaphase, prophase, metaphase, and telophase. 
a)
prophase, metaphase, telophase, anaphase
b)
prophase, anaphase, metaphase, telophase
c)
prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase
d)
prophase, telophase, metaphase, anaphase
117.
Put the following actions in order: DNA replicates, cell grows, cell divides, cell prepares for mitosis. 
a)
DNA replicates, cell grows, cell prepares for mitosis, cell divides
b)
cell grows, cell prepares for mitosis, DNA replicates, cell divides
c)
cell grows, DNA replicates, cell prepares for mitosis, cell divides
d)
DNA replicates, cell prepares for mitosis, cell grows, cell divides
118.
a)
Prophase
b)
Interphase
c)
Anaphase
d)
Telophase
119.
a)
Anaphase
b)
Cytokinesis
c)
Telophase
d)
Metaphase
120.
a)
Cytokinesis
b)
Interphase
c)
Anaphase
d)
Metaphase
121.
a)
Anaphase
b)
Cytonkinesis
c)
Interphase
d)
Prophase
122.
a)
Cytokinesis
b)
Anaphase
c)
Telophase
d)
Prophase
123.
Which is Metaphase?
a)
A
b)
E
c)
C
d)
F
124.
Chromosomes condense from long stands into rod like structures. 
a)
Prophase
b)
Interphase
125.
A chromatid is attached to a spindle fiber by the
a)
nucleolus
b)
deep furrow
c)
centromere
d)
centriole
126.
The structures that hold together sister chromatids
a)
tissues
b)
chromosomes
c)
spindle
d)
centromeres
127.
The process by which the nuclear material is divided equally between two new cells
a)
mitosis
b)
cancer
c)
spindle
d)
centromere
128.
the two halves of the doubled chromosome structure 
a)
centromeres
b)
sister chromatids
c)
spindle
d)
tissues
129.
In mitosis, the two resulting cells are
a)
different from the starting cell and identical to each other.
b)
different from the starting cell and different from each other.
c)
identical to the starting cell and different from each other.
d)
identical to the starting cell and identical to each other.
130.
What is the name of the structure labeled X?
a)
Centriole
b)
Centrosome
c)
Chromatid
d)
Chromosome 

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10 questions

FCG Jan/Feb 2024 Monthly HSE Quiz

quiz

Worksheet

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5th Grade

Revision UPS 1 (DB024)

12 questions

Revision UPS 1 (DB024)

quiz

Worksheet

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12th Grade

Office T&T

12 questions

Office T&T

quiz

Worksheet

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Professional Development

Unit II Test Review Bio A (Ch. 3-5)

15 questions

Unit II Test Review Bio A (Ch. 3-5)

flashcard

Worksheet

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9th - 11th Grade

Tissues

10 questions

Tissues

quiz

Worksheet

•

1st - 3rd Grade

Pathways 2 U10R1 - Turning ideas into Reality

10 questions

Pathways 2 U10R1 - Turning ideas into Reality

quiz

Worksheet

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4th Grade