Free Printable Final Exam Review

1.

The formation of ice releases heat and warms the surroundings

a)

True

b)

False

2.

On a windy day, you would expect to record warmer daytime and warmer nighttime temperatures than on a day with calm winds.

a)

True

b)

False

3.

Two cities can have the same mean annual temperature but different mean annual ranges of temperature.

a)

True

b)

False

4.

Methane (CH4), Nitrous Oxide (N2O), and Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) are greenhouse gaes.

a)

True

b)

False

5.

Frost occurs when dew freezes.

a)

True

b)

False

6.

Falling raindrops are tear-shaped because that is the profile that minimizes air resistance.

a)

True

b)

False

7.

Dense fog is more prevalent is mountainous areas (especially those regions where rising cold air cools and condenses) than coastal margins.

a)

True

b)

False

8.

The air pressure at the summit of Mount Everest is higher than the air pressure at sea level.

a)

True

b)

False

9.

All things with a temperature above absolute zero emit energy no matter how big or small.

a)

True

b)

False

10.

Hail can fall from both cumulonimbus and nimbostratus clouds.

a)

True

b)

False

11.

Annual Range of Temperature:

a)

The similarity of air temperature that feels different on different occasions, which is perceived by the human body.

b)

The difference in average temperature between the warmest month (often July in the Northern Hemisphere) and coldest month (often January).

c)

The average of the highest and lowest temperature observed in a given 24-hour period - typically from midnight to midnight.

d)

The average temperature of any station for the entire year, which represents the average of the twelve monthly average temperatures.

e)

The difference between the daily maximum and minimum temperature is greatest next to the ground and becomes progressively smaller as we move away from the surface.

12.

Mean (Average) Daily Temperature:

a)

The similarity of air temperature that feels different on different occasions, which is perceived by the human body.

b)

The difference in average temperature between the warmest month (often July in the Northern Hemisphere) and coldest month (often January).

c)

The average of the highest and lowest temperature observed in a given 24-hour period - typically from midnight to midnight.

d)

The average temperature of any station for the entire year, which represents the average of the twelve monthly average temperatures.

e)

The difference between the daily maximum and minimum temperature is greatest next to the ground and becomes progressively smaller as we move away from the surface.

13.

Daily (Diurnal) Range of Temperature:

a)

The similarity of air temperature that feels different on different occasions, which is perceived by the human body.

b)

The difference in average temperature between the warmest month (often July in the Northern Hemisphere) and coldest month (often January).

c)

The average of the highest and lowest temperature observed in a given 24-hour period - typically from midnight to midnight.

d)

The average temperature of any station for the entire year, which represents the average of the twelve monthly average temperatures.

e)

The difference between the daily maximum and minimum temperature is greatest next to the ground and becomes progressively smaller as we move away from the surface.

14.

Mean (Average) Annual Temperature

a)

The similarity of air temperature that feels different on different occasions, which is perceived by the human body.

b)

The difference in average temperature between the warmest month (often July in the Northern Hemisphere) and coldest month (often January).

c)

The average of the highest and lowest temperature observed in a given 24-hour period - typically from midnight to midnight.

d)

The average temperature of any station for the entire year, which represents the average of the twelve monthly average temperatures.

e)

The difference between the daily maximum and minimum temperature is greatest next to the ground and becomes progressively smaller as we move away from the surface.

15.

Sensible Temperature:

a)

The similarity of air temperature that feels different on different occasions, which is perceived by the human body.

b)

The difference in average temperature between the warmest month (often July in the Northern Hemisphere) and coldest month (often January).

c)

The average of the highest and lowest temperature observed in a given 24-hour period - typically from midnight to midnight.

d)

The average temperature of any station for the entire year, which represents the average of the twelve monthly average temperatures.

e)

The difference between the daily maximum and minimum temperature is greatest next to the ground and becomes progressively smaller as we move away from the surface.

16.

Conduction:

a)

The horizontal transfer of any atmospheric property by wind.

b)

The transfer of heat from molecule to molecule within a substance.

c)

The transfer of heat by the mass movement of a fluid, such as water and air.

17.

Convection:

a)

The horizontal transfer of any atmospheric property by wind.

b)

The transfer of heat from molecule to molecule within a substance.

c)

The transfer of heat by the mass movement of a fluid, such as water and air.

18.

Advection:

a)

The horizontal transfer of any atmospheric property by wind.

b)

The transfer of heat from molecule to molecule within a substance.

c)

The transfer of heat by the mass movement of a fluid, such as water and air.

19.

Unstable Atmosphere:

a)

A lifted parcel of air will be warmer (lighter) than the air surrounding it, and thus will continue to rise upward, away from its original position.

b)

If a parcel of air expands and cools, or compresses and warms, and there is no interchange of heat with its outside surroundings.

c)

If rising air cools to its dew-point temperature, condensation results forming a cloud. Because heat added during condensation offsets some of the cooling due to expansion, the air cools at a lower rate.

d)

A lifted parcel of air will be colder (heavier) that the air surrounding it. Because of this fact, the lifted parcel will tend to sink back to its original position.

e)

The rate of adiabatic cooling or warming that occurs in a parcel of air that is unsaturated.

20.

Adiabatic Process:

a)

A lifted parcel of air will be warmer (lighter) than the air surrounding it, and thus will continue to rise upward, away from its original position.

b)

If a parcel of air expands and cools, or compresses and warms, and there is no interchange of heat with its outside surroundings.

c)

If rising air cools to its dew-point temperature, condensation results forming a cloud. Because heat added during condensation offsets some of the cooling due to expansion, the air cools at a lower rate.

d)

A lifted parcel of air will be colder (heavier) than the air surrounding it. Because of this fact, the lifted parcel will tend to sink back to its original position.

e)

The rate of adiabatic cooling or warming that occurs in a parcel of air that is unsaturated.

21.

Moist Adiabatic Rate:

a)

A lifted parcel of air will be warmer (lighter) than the air surrounding it, and thus will continue to rise upward, away from its original position.

b)

If a parcel of air expands and cools, or compresses and warms, and there is no interchange of heat with its outside surroundings.

c)

If rising air cools to its dew-point temperature, condensation results forming a cloud. Because heat added during condensation offsets some of the cooling due to expansion, the air cools at a lower rate.

d)

A lifted parcel of air will be colder (heavier) than the air surrounding it. Because of this fact, the lifted parcel will tend to sink back to its original position.

e)

The rate of adiabatic cooling or warming that occurs in a parcel of air that is unsaturated.

22.

Stable Atmosphere:

a)

A lifted parcel of air will be warmer (lighter) than the air surrounding it, and thus will continue to rise upward, away from its original position.

b)

If a parcel of air expands and cools, or compresses and warms, and there is no interchange of heat with its outside surroundings.

c)

If rising air cools to its dew-point temperature, condensation results forming a cloud. Because heat added during condensation offsets some of the cooling due to expansion, the air cools at a lower rate.

d)

A lifted parcel of air will be colder (heavier) than the air surrounding it. Because of this fact, the lifted parcel will tend to sink back to its original position.

e)

The rate of adiabatic cooling or warming that occurs in a parcel of air that is unsaturated.

23.

Dry Adiabatic Process:

a)

A lifted parcel of air will be warmer (lighter) than the air surrounding it, and thus will continue to rise upward, away from its original position.

b)

If a parcel of air expands and cools, or compresses and warms, and there is no interchange of heat with its outside surroundings.

c)

If rising air cools to its dew-point temperature, condensation results forming a cloud. Because heat added during condensation offsets some of the cooling due to expansion, the air cools at a lower rate.

d)

A lifted parcel of air will be colder (heavier) than the air surrounding it. Because of this fact, the lifted parcel will tend to sink back to its original position.

e)

The rate of adiabatic cooling or warming that occurs in a parcel of air that is unsaturated.

24.

Thermosphere:

a)

The air is extremely thin and the atmospheric pressure is quite low. The percentage of nitrogen and oxygen in this layer is about the same as it is at Earth's surface, but contains far fewer oxygen molecules.

b)

In this layer, collisions between gas molecules and atoms are so infrequent that fast-moving lighter molecules can actually escape Earth's gravitational pull, and shoot off into space.

c)

This layer is well stirred and contains all of the weather that we are familiar with on Earth and where temperature decreases with height.

d)

In this layer, oxygen molecules (O2) absorb energetic solar rays making it the warmest part of the atmosphere. This is also the location where the bulk of the ionosphere lies.

e)

In this layer, air temperature begins to increase with height producing a temperature inversion, which reduces the amount of vertical motion. This is also the layer in which the ozone layer lies.

25.

Stratosphere:

a)

The air is extremely thin and the atmospheric pressure is quite low. The percentage of nitrogen and oxygen in this layer is about the same as it is at Earth's surface, but contains far fewer oxygen molecules.

b)

In this layer, collisions between gas molecules and atoms are so infrequent that fast-moving lighter molecules can actually escape Earth's gravitational pull, and shoot off into space.

c)

This layer is well stirred and contains all of the weather that we are familiar with on Earth and where temperature decreases with height.

d)

In this layer, oxygen molecules (O2) absorb energetic solar rays making it the warmest part of the atmosphere. This is also the location where the bulk of the ionosphere lies.

e)

In this layer, air temperature begins to increase with height producing a temperature inversion, which reduces the amount of vertical motion. This is also the layer in which the ozone layer lies.

26.

Mesosphere:

a)

The air is extremely thin and the atmospheric pressure is quite low. The percentage of nitrogen and oxygen in this layer is about the same as it is at Earth's surface, but contains far fewer oxygen molecules.

b)

In this layer, collisions between gas molecules and atoms are so infrequent that fast-moving lighter molecules can actually escape Earth's gravitational pull, and shoot off into space.

c)

This layer is well stirred and contains all of the weather that we are familiar with on Earth and where temperature decreases with height.

d)

In this layer, oxygen molecules (O2) absorb energetic solar rays making it the warmest part of the atmosphere. This is also the location where the bulk of the ionosphere lies.

e)

In this layer, air temperature begins to increase with height producing a temperature inversion, which reduces the amount of vertical motion. This is also the layer in which the ozone layer lies.

27.

Exosphere:

a)

The air is extremely thin and the atmospheric pressure is quite low. The percentage of nitrogen and oxygen in this layer is about the same as it is at Earth's surface, but contains far fewer oxygen molecules.

b)

In this layer, collisions between gas molecules and atoms are so infrequent that fast-moving lighter molecules can actually escape Earth's gravitational pull, and shoot off into space.

c)

This layer is well stirred and contains all of the weather that we are familiar with on Earth and where temperature decreases with height.

d)

In this layer, oxygen molecules (O2) absorb energetic solar rays making it the warmest part of the atmosphere. This is also the location where the bulk of the ionosphere lies.

e)

In this layer, air temperature begins to increase with height producing a temperature inversion, which reduces the amount of vertical motion. This is also the layer in which the ozone layer lies.

28.

Troposphere:

a)

The air is extremely thin and the atmospheric pressure is quite low. The percentage of nitrogen and oxygen in this layer is about the same as it is at Earth's surface, but contains far fewer oxygen molecules.

b)

In this layer, collisions between gas molecules and atoms are so infrequent that fast-moving lighter molecules can actually escape Earth's gravitational pull, and shoot off into space.

c)

This layer is well stirred and contains all of the weather that we are familiar with on Earth and where temperature decreases with height.

d)

In this layer, oxygen molecules (O2) absorb energetic solar rays making it the warmest part of the atmosphere. This is also the location where the bulk of the ionosphere lies.

e)

In this layer, air temperature begins to increase with height producing a temperature inversion, which reduces the amount of vertical motion. This is also the layer in which the ozone layer lies.

29.

Earth's first atmosphere (approximately 4.6 billion years ago) was most likely composed of ____.

a)

Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide

b)

Hydrogen and Helium

c)

Carbon Dioxide and Nitrogen

d)

Nitrogen and Oxygen

30.

Atmospheric concentrations of ____ can vary significantly depending on time and location.

a)

Argon

b)

Helium

c)

Hydrogen

d)

Water Vapor

31.

Energy transferred by electromagnetic waves is called ____.

a)

Conduction

b)

Magnetism

c)

Convection

d)

Radiation

32.

Which cloud type would most likely form in absolutely stable air?

a)

Stratus

b)

Cumulus Congestus

c)

Cumulonimbus

d)

Altocumulus

33.

You are facing north and the wind is blowing in your face. This wind would be called a(n) ____.

a)

North Wind

b)

South Wind

c)

Southerly Wind

d)

East Wind

34.

After the winter solstice at middle latitudes in the Northern Hemisphere, the length of the day experiencing daylight ____.

a)

Increases

b)

Decreases

c)

Is exactly 12 hours long

d)

Does not change

35.

The minimum daily temperature typically occurs at ____.

a)

Midnight

b)

3:00 AM

c)

Sunset

d)

Sunrise

36.

The percentage of water vapor present in the air compared to that required for saturation is the ____.

a)

Mixing Ratio

b)

Dew Point

c)

Relative Humidity

d)

Absolute Humidity

37.

Areas of high atmospheric pressure are also known as ____.

a)

Anticyclones

b)

Hurricanes

c)

Tornadoes

d)

Troughs

38.

When naming clouds, the term "stratus", or "strato", means ____ clouds.

a)

Thick

b)

Storm

c)

Layer

d)

Low Altitude

39.

What is responsible for the cold feeling that you experience after leaving a swimming pool on a hot, dry summer day?

a)

Heat transport by radiation

b)

Heat transport by convection

c)

Heat transport by conduction

d)

Heat transport by latent heat

40.

The transfer of heat from molecule to molecule within a substance is called ____.

a)

Latent Energy

b)

Radiation

c)

Conduction

d)

Convection

41.

The most abundant gases in Earth's present day atmosphere (by volume) are ____.

a)

Oxygen and Water Vapor

b)

Nitrogen and Oxygen

c)

Oxygen and Helium

d)

Carbon Dioxide and Nitrogen

42.

Which gas is responsible for the temperature inversion in the stratosphere?

a)

Ozone

b)

Argon

c)

Carbon Dioxide

d)

Nitrogen

43.

The "normal" high temperature for a given day is determined from the ____ averaged high temperature for that day.

a)

Monthly

b)

30-year

c)

20-year

d)

Weekly

44.

Lines of latitude on a map represent the distance ____ from the ____.

a)

East or west; prime meridian.

b)

North or south; equator.

c)

East or west; equator.

d)

North or south; prime meridian.

45.

Which area would you expect to have smaller diurnal temperature ranges (assuming all other factors are equal)?

a)

Inland Cities

b)

Coastal Cities

c)

High Deserts

d)

Inland Prairies

46.

A dim, watery sun visible through a gray sheet-like cloud layer is often a good indication of ____ clouds.

a)

Stratocumulus

b)

Altostratus

c)

Nimbostratus

d)

Cirrostratus

47.

In the middle latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere, surface winds tend to blow ____ and ____ around an area of surface low pressure.

a)

Counterclockwise; Outward

b)

Clockwise; Inward

c)

Counterclockwise; Inward

d)

Clockwise; Outward

48.

Maximum air temperature in a given day usually occurs ____ solar heating.

a)

Before maximum

b)

During maximum

c)

12-14 hours after maximum

d)

2-4 hours after maximum

49.

As the air temperature increases, the air's capacity for water vapor ____.

a)

Decreases

b)

Can either increase or decrease because it is unrelated to air temperature

c)

Increases

d)

Remains constant

50.

The energy of motion is known as ____.

a)

Kinetic Energy

b)

Potential Energy

c)

Specific Heat

d)

Radiant Energy

51.

As the temperature of an object ____, the intensity of the radiation emitted by the object ____.

a)

Decreases; Stays the same

b)

Decreases; Increases

c)

Increases; Decreases

d)

Increases; Increases

52.

The movement of smoke in the atmosphere from one area to another by wind is an example of ____.

a)

Conduction

b)

Reflection

c)

Radiation

d)

Advection

53.

An inversion represents an extremely stable atmosphere because ____.

a)

Air becomes cooler with height.

b)

Inversions allow air pollutants to escape freely from surface air.

c)

Inversions act as a lid on vertical air motion.

d)

Surface air becomes warmer than air aloft.

54.

A raindrop that freezes before reaching the ground is called ____.

a)

Snow

b)

Glaze

c)

Sleet

d)

Graupel

55.

What set of conditions, working together, will make the atmosphere the most unstable?

a)

Cooling the surface and warming the air aloft.

b)

Warming the surface and warming the air aloft.

c)

Warming the surface and cooling the air aloft.

d)

Cooling the surface and cooling the air aloft.

56.

When the air temperature increases, the saturation vapor pressure will ____.

a)

Remain the same

b)

Decrease

c)

Increase

d)

Vary over an increasingly broad range of values

57.

A warm rain falling through a layer of cold, moist air can produce ____ fog.

a)

Upslope

b)

Radiation

c)

Frontal

d)

Advection

58.

Assuming that the night will remain clear, calm, and unsaturated, the predicted minimum temperature is 32 F. Suddenly, the wind speed increases and remains gusty throughout the night. The minimum temperature will most likely be ____.

a)

About the same as predicted, but will occur earlier in the night.

b)

Higher than predicted due to the release of latent heat.

c)

Higher than predicted due to mixing.

d)

Much lower than predicted due to radiational cooling.

59.

Clouds that appear as bag-like sacks hanging from beneath a cloud are ____.

a)

Pileus Clouds

b)

Mammatus

c)

Castellanus Clouds

d)

Lenticular Clouds

60.

The word "weather" is defined as ____.

a)

The frequency of precipitation or other events.

b)

Any type of falling precipitation.

c)

The condition of the atmosphere at any particular time and place.

d)

The general climate of a region.

61.

The atmospheric greenhouse effect is due primarily to the fact that ____.

a)

Cloud formation releases latent heat energy.

b)

Carbon dioxide and water vapor absorb infrared radiation.

c)

Nitrogen and oxygen transmit visible radiation.

d)

Oxygen and ozone absorb ultraviolet radiation.

62.

There are two primary types of weather satellites in use for viewing clouds. The first are geostationary satellites and the second are ____ satellites.

a)

Visible Cloud

b)

Equatorial

c)

Geosynchronous

d)

Polar-Orbiting

63.

Seasons on Earth are regulated by ____.

a)

Both the length of daylight hours and the angle sunlight strikes Earth's surface.

b)

Only the length of daylight hours.

c)

Only the angle sunlight strikes Earth's surface.

d)

Only Earth's nearness to the sun.

64.

The process of ice transforming directly into water vapor without first going into the liquid phase is termed ____,

a)

Condensation

b)

Sublimation

c)

Evaporation

d)

Precipitation

65.

The heat index (HI) is based on the apparent temperature, which is a combination of air temperature and ____.

a)

Solar Intensity

b)

Relative Humidity

c)

Wind Speed

d)

Cloud Cover

66.

The name given to a towering cloud that produces precipitation that is showery with frequent changes in intensity is ____.

a)

Cumulonimbus

b)

Cumulus Humilis

c)

Cumulus Congestus

d)

Altocumulus

67.

Carbon dioxide is removed from the atmosphere through the process of ____.

a)

Photosynthesis

b)

Respiration

c)

Fuel Combustion

d)

Volcanic Activity

68.

Earth's radiation is often referred to as ____ radiation, while the sun's radiation is often referred to as ____ radiation.

a)

Shortwave; Shortwave

b)

Shortwave; Longwave

c)

Longwave; Shortwave

d)

Longwave; Longwave

69.

Which instrument obtains air temperature by measuring emitted infrared energy?

a)

Bimetallic Thermometer

b)

Radiometer

c)

Thermograph

d)

Electrical Resistance Thermometer

70.

The wind-chill index ____.

a)

Determines how low the air temperature will be on any given day.

b)

Takes into account humidity and air temperature in expressing the current air temperature.

c)

Indicates the temperature at which water freezes on exposed skin.

d)

Relates body heat loss with wind to an equivalent temperature with no wind.

71.

Atmospheric pressure changes more rapidly horizontally than vertically.

a)

True

b)

False

72.

The Coriolis Force deflects objects in the Northern Hemisphere to the right of their intended path.

a)

True

b)

False

73.

A sea breeze is a warm, swift, narrow ocean current flowing along the east coast of the United States.

a)

True

b)

False

74.

If the conditions are right for the formation of a tornado, the Storm Prediction Center (SPC) will issue a tornado watch for a small area.

a)

True

b)

False

75.

The polar jet stream is strongest in the winter when surface temperature contrasts are greatest.

a)

True

b)

False

76.

Surface winds and upper-level winds blow in the same direction in a thermal circulation.

a)

True

b)

False

77.

The Coriolis force is the force that causes the wind to blow.

a)

True

b)

False

78.

Negatively charged lightning is stronger than positively charged lightning.

a)

True

b)

False

79.

The cumulus stage of a thunderstorm is characterized by heavy showers, and lightning and thunder.

a)

True

b)

False

80.

A squall line is a type of multicell thunderstorm.

a)

True

b)

False

81.

Monsoon:

a)

A name given to seasonal winds that typically blow from different directions during different times of the year, most often during summer and winter.

b)

A warm, dry wind that blows into southern California from the east off the elevated desert plateau.

c)

A coastal local wind that blows from the ocean onto the land.

d)

A coastal breeze that blows from land to sea, usually at night.

e)

A warm, dry wind on the eastern side of the Rocky Mountains.

82.

Sea Breeze:

a)

A name given to seasonal winds that typically blow from different directions during different times of the year, most often during summer and winter.

b)

A warm, dry wind that blows into southern California from the east off the elevated desert plateau.

c)

A coastal local wind that blows from the ocean onto the land.

d)

A coastal breeze that blows from land to sea, usually at night.

e)

A warm, dry wind on the eastern side of the Rocky Mountains.

83.

Land Breeze:

a)

A name given to seasonal winds that typically blow from different directions during different times of the year, most often during summer and winter.

b)

A warm, dry wind that blows into southern California from the east off the elevated desert plateau.

c)

A coastal local wind that blows from the ocean onto the land.

d)

A coastal breeze that blows from land to sea, usually at night.

e)

A warm, dry wind on the eastern side of the Rocky Mountains.

84.

Chinook:

a)

A name given to seasonal winds that typically blow from different directions during different times of the year, most often during summer and winter.

b)

A warm, dry wind that blows into southern California from the east off the elevated desert plateau.

c)

A coastal local wind that blows from the ocean onto the land.

d)

A coastal breeze that blows from land to sea, usually at night.

e)

A warm, dry wind on the eastern side of the Rocky Mountains.

85.

Santa Ana:

a)

A name given to seasonal winds that typically blow from different directions during different times of the year, most often during summer and winter.

b)

A warm, dry wind that blows into southern California from the east off the elevated desert plateau.

c)

A coastal local wind that blows from the ocean onto the land.

d)

A coastal breeze that blows from land to sea, usually at night.

e)

A warm, dry wind on the eastern side of the Rocky Mountains.

86.

Pacific Decadal Oscillation:

a)

Over the northern central Pacific and along the west coast of North America the surface water temperature reverses every 20 to 30 years.

b)

The variations of atmospheric pressure between the Arctic and the North Pacific and the Atlantic.

c)

When atmospheric circulation patterns change over the tropical Pacific, and the trade winds weaken or reverse direction, warm tropical water is able to flow eastward toward South American where it chokes off upwelling.

d)

The periodic reversal of atmospheric pressure between the vicinity of the Icelandic low and the region of the Bermuda-Azores high.

e)

High pressure over the southeastern Pacific and lower pressure near Indonesia produce easterly trade winds along the equator promoting upwelling and cooler ocean water in the eastern Pacific.

87.

Arctic Oscillation:

a)

Over the northern central Pacific and along the west coast of North America the surface water temperature reverses every 20 to 30 years.

b)

The variations of atmospheric pressure between the Arctic and the North Pacific and the Atlantic.

c)

When atmospheric circulation patterns change over the tropical Pacific, and the trade winds weaken or reverse direction, warm tropical water is able to flow eastward toward South American where it chokes off upwelling.

d)

The periodic reversal of atmospheric pressure between the vicinity of the Icelandic low and the region of the Bermuda-Azores high.

e)

High pressure over the southeastern Pacific and lower pressure near Indonesia produce easterly trade winds along the equator promoting upwelling and cooler ocean water in the eastern Pacific.

88.

La Niña:

a)

Over the northern central Pacific and along the west coast of North America the surface water temperature reverses every 20 to 30 years.

b)

The variations of atmospheric pressure between the Arctic and the North Pacific and the Atlantic.

c)

When atmospheric circulation patterns change over the tropical Pacific, and the trade winds weaken or reverse direction, warm tropical water is able to flow eastward toward South American where it chokes off upwelling.

d)

The periodic reversal of atmospheric pressure between the vicinity of the Icelandic low and the region of the Bermuda-Azores high.

e)

High pressure over the southeastern Pacific and lower pressure near Indonesia produce easterly trade winds along the equator promoting upwelling and cooler ocean water in the eastern Pacific.

89.

North Atlantic Oscillation:

a)

Over the northern central Pacific and along the west coast of North America the surface water temperature reverses every 20 to 30 years.

b)

The variations of atmospheric pressure between the Arctic and the North Pacific and the Atlantic.

c)

When atmospheric circulation patterns change over the tropical Pacific, and the trade winds weaken or reverse direction, warm tropical water is able to flow eastward toward South American where it chokes off upwelling.

d)

The periodic reversal of atmospheric pressure between the vicinity of the Icelandic low and the region of the Bermuda-Azores high.

e)

High pressure over the southeastern Pacific and lower pressure near Indonesia produce easterly trade winds along the equator promoting upwelling and cooler ocean water in the eastern Pacific.

90.

El Niño:

a)

Over the northern central Pacific and along the west coast of North America the surface water temperature reverses every 20 to 30 years.

b)

The variations of atmospheric pressure between the Arctic and the North Pacific and the Atlantic.

c)

When atmospheric circulation patterns change over the tropical Pacific, and the trade winds weaken or reverse direction, warm tropical water is able to flow eastward toward South American where it chokes off upwelling.

d)

The periodic reversal of atmospheric pressure between the vicinity of the Icelandic low and the region of the Bermuda-Azores high.

e)

High pressure over the southeastern Pacific and lower pressure near Indonesia produce easterly trade winds along the equator promoting upwelling and cooler ocean water in the eastern Pacific.

91.

EF 3:

a)

The environment sustained devastating damage: well-built homes are destroyed, buildings are lifted off their foundations, cars are blown away, and large debris flies in the air.

b)

The environment sustained incredible damage: well-built homes are lifted from their foundations, reinforced concrete buildings are damaged, the bark is stripped from trees, and car-sized debris flies through the air.

c)

The environment sustained considerable damage: mobile homes are destroyed, roofs are damaged, debris flies in the air, and large trees are snapped or uprooted.

d)

The environment sustained severe damage: roofs and walls are ripped off buildings, small buildings are destroyed, and most trees are uprooted.

92.

EF 2:

a)

The environment sustained devastating damage: well-built homes are destroyed, buildings are lifted off their foundations, cars are blown away, and large debris flies in the air.

b)

The environment sustained incredible damage: well-built homes are lifted from their foundations, reinforced concrete buildings are damaged, the bark is stripped from trees, and car-sized debris flies through the air.

c)

The environment sustained considerable damage: mobile homes are destroyed, roofs are damaged, debris flies in the air, and large trees are snapped or uprooted.

d)

The environment sustained considerable damage: mobile homes are destroyed, roofs are damaged, debris flies in the air, and large trees are snapped or uprooted.

93.

EF 5:

a)

The environment sustained devastating damage: well-built homes are destroyed, buildings are lifted off their foundations, cars are blown away, and large debris flies in the air.

b)

The environment sustained incredible damage: well-built homes are lifted from their foundations, reinforced concrete buildings are damaged, the bark is stripped from trees, and car-sized debris flies through the air.

c)

The environment sustained considerable damage: mobile homes are destroyed, roofs are damaged, debris flies in the air, and large trees are snapped or uprooted.

d)

The environment sustained considerable damage: mobile homes are destroyed, roofs are damaged, debris flies in the air, and large trees are snapped or uprooted.

94.

EF 4:

a)

The environment sustained devastating damage: well-built homes are destroyed, buildings are lifted off their foundations, cars are blown away, and large debris flies in the air.

b)

The environment sustained incredible damage: well-built homes are lifted from their foundations, reinforced concrete buildings are damaged, the bark is stripped from trees, and car-sized debris flies through the air.

c)

The environment sustained considerable damage: mobile homes are destroyed, roofs are damaged, debris flies in the air, and large trees are snapped or uprooted.

d)

The environment sustained considerable damage: mobile homes are destroyed, roofs are damaged, debris flies in the air, and large trees are snapped or uprooted.

95.

Pressure Gradient:

a)

An apparent force observed on any free-moving object in a rotating system.

b)

The force due to differences in pressure within the atmosphere that causes air to move.

c)

The rate of decrease of pressure per unit of horizontal distance (on the same chart).

d)

A theoretical horizontal wind blowing in a straight path, parallel to the isobars or contours, at a constant speed.

e)

The state of the atmosphere when there is a balance between the vertical pressure gradient force and the downward pull of gravity.

96.

Coriolis Force:

a)

An apparent force observed on any free-moving object in a rotating system.

b)

The force due to differences in pressure within the atmosphere that causes air to move.

c)

The rate of decrease of pressure per unit of horizontal distance (on the same chart).

d)

A theoretical horizontal wind blowing in a straight path, parallel to the isobars or contours, at a constant speed.

e)

The state of the atmosphere when there is a balance between the vertical pressure gradient force and the downward pull of gravity.

97.

Pressure Gradient Force:

a)

An apparent force observed on any free-moving object in a rotating system.

b)

The force due to differences in pressure within the atmosphere that causes air to move.

c)

The rate of decrease of pressure per unit of horizontal distance (on the same chart).

d)

A theoretical horizontal wind blowing in a straight path, parallel to the isobars or contours, at a constant speed.

e)

The state of the atmosphere when there is a balance between the vertical pressure gradient force and the downward pull of gravity.

98.

Geostrophic Wind:

a)

An apparent force observed on any free-moving object in a rotating system.

b)

The force due to differences in pressure within the atmosphere that causes air to move.

c)

The rate of decrease of pressure per unit of horizontal distance (on the same chart).

d)

A theoretical horizontal wind blowing in a straight path, parallel to the isobars or contours, at a constant speed.

e)

The state of the atmosphere when there is a balance between the vertical pressure gradient force and the downward pull of gravity.

99.

Hydrostatic Balance:

a)

An apparent force observed on any free-moving object in a rotating system.

b)

The force due to differences in pressure within the atmosphere that causes air to move.

c)

The rate of decrease of pressure per unit of horizontal distance (on the same chart).

d)

A theoretical horizontal wind blowing in a straight path, parallel to the isobars or contours, at a constant speed.

e)

The state of the atmosphere when there is a balance between the vertical pressure gradient force and the downward pull of gravity.

100.

Microscale:

a)

The scale of meteorological phenomena that range in size from a few km to about 100 km.

b)

The smallest scale of atmospheric motions.

c)

The typical weather map scale that shows features such as high- and low-pressure areas and fronts over a distance spanning a continent.

d)

The largest scale of atmospheric motion.

101.

Mesoscale:

a)

The scale of meteorological phenomena that range in size from a few km to about 100 km.

b)

The smallest scale of atmospheric motions.

c)

The typical weather map scale that shows features such as high- and low-pressure areas and fronts over a distance spanning a continent.

d)

The largest scale of atmospheric motion.

102.

Synoptic Scale:

a)

The scale of meteorological phenomena that range in size from a few km to about 100 km.

b)

The smallest scale of atmospheric motions.

c)

The typical weather map scale that shows features such as high- and low-pressure areas and fronts over a distance spanning a continent.

d)

The largest scale of atmospheric motion.

103.

Global Scale:

a)

The scale of meteorological phenomena that range in size from a few km to about 100 km.

b)

The smallest scale of atmospheric motions.

c)

The typical weather map scale that shows features such as high- and low-pressure areas and fronts over a distance spanning a continent.

d)

The largest scale of atmospheric motion.

104.

Tropical Disturbance:

a)

An organized system of strong thunderstorms with a defined surface circulation and maximum sustained winds of 39-73 mph.

b)

An organized system of clouds and thunderstorms with a defined surface circulation and maximum sustained winds of 38 mph or less.

c)

Weather systems are unorganized masses of thunderstorms with very little, if any, organized wind circulation.

d)

An intense tropical weather system of strong thunderstorms with a well-defined surface circulation and maximum sustained winds of 74 mph or higher.

105.

Tropical Depression:

a)

An organized system of strong thunderstorms with a defined surface circulation and maximum sustained winds of 39-73 mph.

b)

An organized system of clouds and thunderstorms with a defined surface circulation and maximum sustained winds of 38 mph or less.

c)

Weather systems are unorganized masses of thunderstorms with very little, if any, organized wind circulation.

d)

An intense tropical weather system of strong thunderstorms with a well-defined surface circulation and maximum sustained winds of 74 mph or higher.

106.

Tropical Storm:

a)

An organized system of strong thunderstorms with a defined surface circulation and maximum sustained winds of 39-73 mph.

b)

An organized system of clouds and thunderstorms with a defined surface circulation and maximum sustained winds of 38 mph or less.

c)

Weather systems are unorganized masses of thunderstorms with very little, if any, organized wind circulation.

d)

An intense tropical weather system of strong thunderstorms with a well-defined surface circulation and maximum sustained winds of 74 mph or higher.

107.

Hurricane:

a)

An organized system of strong thunderstorms with a defined surface circulation and maximum sustained winds of 39-73 mph.

b)

An organized system of clouds and thunderstorms with a defined surface circulation and maximum sustained winds of 38 mph or less.

c)

Weather systems are unorganized masses of thunderstorms with very little, if any, organized wind circulation.

d)

An intense tropical weather system of strong thunderstorms with a well-defined surface circulation and maximum sustained winds of 74 mph or higher.

108.

In this stage of the Polar Front Theory the occluded front lengthens which then cuts the cyclone off from its source of warm air.

a)

Cut-off Cyclone

b)

Frontal Wave

c)

Advanced Occlusion

d)

Mature System

109.

A supercell storm is a(n) ____.

a)

Number of individual multicell thunderstorms that organize into a large convective weather system.

b)

Multicell thunderstorm that forms as a line of thunderstorms.

c)

Elongated, ominous-looking storm cloud that forms just behind a gust front.

d)

Intense long-lasting thunderstorm with a single violently rotating updraft.

110.

Which of the following is NOT a hazard of hurricanes?

a)

Tornadoes

b)

Storm Surge

c)

High Winds

d)

Heavy Rain

e)

All are hazards of hurricanes.

111.

Name the three necessary ingredients for thunderstorm formation.

a)

Lifting Mechanism, Mountains, Oceans

b)

Moisture, Lifting Mechanism, Instability

c)

Stability, Moisture, Heat

d)

Lifting Mechanism, Fronts, Moisture

112.

____ is a boundary that separates warm, dry air from warm, moist air.

a)

Cold Front

b)

Dryline

c)

Warm Front

d)

Occluded Front

e)

Stationary Front

113.

The leading edge of a thunderstorm's cold outflowing air is known as a ____.

a)

Dry Line

b)

Downburst

c)

Gust Front

d)

Squall Line

114.

Which event indicates that a hurricane will likely strike your area within 24 hours?

a)

A hurricane warning issued by the National Hurricane Center.

b)

Easterly or northeasterly winds with speeds in excess of 30 knots.

c)

A hurricane watch issued by the National Hurricane Center.

d)

A rapid drop in temperature and heavy rains.

115.

Which of the following is true of high-pressure areas?

a)

Air ascends and converges.

b)

Air ascends and diverges.

c)

Air descends and converges.

d)

Air descends and diverges.

116.

What weather system can grow to be as much as 1000 times larger in area than an ordinary cell thunderstorm, even large enough to cover an entire state?

a)

Derecho

b)

Overshooting Thunderstorm

c)

Mesocyclone

d)

Mesoscale Convective Complex

117.

The global circulation pattern which dominates the tropics is called the:

a)

Hadley Cell

b)

Ferrel Cell

c)

Polar Cell

d)

Brady Cell

118.

A ____ pressure usually indicates clearing weather or fair weather.

a)

Steadily Falling

b)

Fluctuating

c)

Steadily Rising

d)

Constant

119.

Which of the following is true of low-pressure areas?

a)

Air diverges and descends.

b)

Air converges and descends.

c)

Air diverges and ascends.

d)

Air converges and ascends.

120.

The name of the 1-5 scale rating based on a hurricane's intensity is called the ____.

a)

Shaffer-Sampson Hurricane Scale

b)

Simpson-Shafter Hurricane Scale

c)

None of the above

d)

Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale

121.

An air mass is characterized by similar properties of ____ and ____ in any horizontal direction at a given altitude.

a)

Temperature; Humidity

b)

Pressure; Humidity

c)

Pressure; Winds

d)

Temperature; Pressure

122.

A wall of dense thunderstorms that surrounds the eye of a hurricane.

a)

Eyewall

b)

Spiral Rainbands

c)

Eye

123.

A SEVERE thunderstorm is one that produces:

a)

Wind gusts to 50 mph and marble-size hail

b)

Flash floods

c)

Tornadoes

d)

Lightning

124.

Low pressure air moves ____.

a)

Anticyclonic, Counterclockwise

b)

Anticyclonic, Clockwise

c)

Cyclonic, Clockwise

d)

Cyclonic, Counterclockwise

125.

The Inter-Tropical Convergence Zone exists because of the convergence of the:

a)

Fronts

b)

Trade Winds

c)

Hurricane Winds

d)

Downslope WInds

126.

What is the function of the National Center for Environmental Prediction?

a)

Analyze data

b)

Prepare Weather Maps

c)

Predict weather on a global and national scale

d)

All of the above

127.

What are the tools a weather forecaster might use when making a short-range forecast?

a)

Meteogram

b)

Soundings

c)

Satellite Information

d)

Wind-Profiles

e)

Temperature

128.

In what ways have the high-speed computers assisted the meteorologist in making weather forecasts?

a)

Computers (AWIPS) processes info from Doppler radar, satellites, and the ASOS to create progs and ensembles.

b)

Analysis is the final chart after a meteorologist has interpreted the weather patterns and corrected any errors. A prog is the final chart made by a computer with surface and upper air charts and a variety of forecast charts.

c)

Numerical weather prediction. Math models that describe atmo conditions and how they will change are programmed into the computer. The computer draws surface and upper air charts and produces forecast charts.

d)

Computer models idealize the atmosphere and make certain assumptions about it. Most models also don't have global coverage, so errors happen at the boundaries of their regions.

129.

How does a prog differ from an analysis?

a)

Computers (AWIPS) processes info from Doppler radar, satellites, and the ASOS to create progs and ensembles.

b)

Analysis is the final chart after a meteorologist has interpreted the weather patterns and corrected any errors. A prog is the final chart made by a computer with surface and upper air charts and a variety of forecast charts.

c)

Numerical weather prediction. Math models that describe atmo conditions and how they will change are programmed into the computer. The computer draws surface and upper air charts and produces forecast charts.

d)

Computer models idealize the atmosphere and make certain assumptions about it. Most models also don't have global coverage, so errors happen at the boundaries of their regions.

130.

How are computer generated weather forecasts prepared?

a)

Computers (AWIPS) processes info from Doppler radar, satellites, and the ASOS to create progs and ensembles.

b)

Analysis is the final chart after a meteorologist has interpreted the weather patterns and corrected any errors. A prog is the final chart made by a computer with surface and upper air charts and a variety of forecast charts.

c)

Numerical weather prediction. Math models that describe atmo conditions and how they will change are programmed into the computer. The computer draws surface and upper air charts and produces forecast charts.

d)

Computer models idealize the atmosphere and make certain assumptions about it. Most models also don't have global coverage, so errors happen at the boundaries of their regions.

131.

What are some of the problems associated with computer model forecasts?

a)

Computers (AWIPS) processes info from Doppler radar, satellites, and the ASOS to create progs and ensembles.

b)

Analysis is the final chart after a meteorologist has interpreted the weather patterns and corrected any errors. A prog is the final chart made by a computer with surface and upper air charts and a variety of forecast charts.

c)

Numerical weather prediction. Math models that describe atmo conditions and how they will change are programmed into the computer. The computer draws surface and upper air charts and produces forecast charts.

d)

Computer models idealize the atmosphere and make certain assumptions about it. Most models also don't have global coverage, so errors happen at the boundaries of their regions.

132.

Method of Forecasting the Weather: Persistence Forecast

a)

What will happen today will happen tomorrow: good in dry, stable conditions.

b)

Forecast a front to continue to move the same speed and direction- good for 1-2 days

c)

Compare features on a weather chart that are occurring now to patterns from the past.

d)

Uses equations and stats to forecast and learns from its mistakes (MOS).

e)

Forecast based on the climate of an area.

133.

Method of Forecasting the Weather: Steady Forecast

a)

What will happen today will happen tomorrow: good in dry, stable conditions.

b)

Forecast a front to continue to move the same speed and direction- good for 1-2 days.

c)

Compare features on a weather chart that are occurring now to patterns from the past.

d)

Uses equations and stats to forecast and learns from its mistakes (MOS).

e)

Forecast based on the climate of an area.

134.

Method of Forecasting the Weather: Analog Forecast

a)

What will happen today will happen tomorrow: good in dry, stable conditions.

b)

Forecast a front to continue to move the same speed and direction- good for 1-2 days.

c)

Compare features on a weather chart that are occurring now to patterns from the past.

d)

Uses equations and stats to forecast and learns from its mistakes (MOS).

e)

Forecast based on the climate of an area.

135.

Method of Forecasting the Weather: Statistical Forecasting

a)

What will happen today will happen tomorrow: good in dry, stable conditions.

b)

Forecast a front to continue to move the same speed and direction- good for 1-2 days.

c)

Compare features on a weather chart that are occurring now to patterns from the past.

d)

Uses equations and stats to forecast and learns from its mistakes (MOS).

e)

Forecast based on the climate of an area.

136.

Method of Forecasting the Weather: Climatological Forecast

a)

What will happen today will happen tomorrow: good in dry, stable conditions.

b)

Forecast a front to continue to move the same speed and direction- good for 1-2 days.

c)

Compare features on a weather chart that are occurring now to patterns from the past.

d)

Uses equations and stats to forecast and learns from its mistakes (MOS).

e)

Forecast based on the climate of an area.

137.

How does pattern recognition aid a forecaster in making a prediction?

a)

They will be able to look at a prog and recognize that they have seen the weather situation before, so they can use it as a guide for current/future weather.

b)

They are made by running several simulations of a single model each with slightly different conditions. Meteorologists can use them to find what they all have in common.

c)

A sounding is a vertical air observation showing temp. or wind gradients. It can show atmospheric instability and vertical development.

d)

A thickness chart shows the difference in height between 2 constant pressure surfaces. Regions of low thickness have cold air; vice versa. If thickness is more than 5400 m, there is rain. Less than 5400 m receives snow.

138.

How can ensemble forecasts improve medium-range weather forecasts?

a)

They will be able to look at a prog and recognize that they have seen the weather situation before, so they can use it as a guide for current/future weather.

b)

They are made by running several simulations of a single model each with slightly different conditions. Meteorologists can use them to find what they all have in common.

c)

A sounding is a vertical air observation showing temp. or wind gradients. It can show atmospheric instability and vertical development.

d)

A thickness chart shows the difference in height between 2 constant pressure surfaces. Regions of low thickness have cold air; vice versa. If thickness is more than 5400 m, there is rain. Less than 5400 m receives snow.

Final Exam Review - METR 1102

Total questions: 138

Worksheet time: 1hrs 9mins

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