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Land Beneath Our Feet Test Review

Total questions: 95

Worksheet time: 48mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

What is the thinnest layer of the Earth?

a)

Crust

b)

Mantle

c)

Outer Core

d)

Inner Core

2.

What is the thickest layer of the Earth?

a)

Crust

b)

Mantle

c)

Outer Core

d)

Inner Core

3.

Which layer of the Earth is liquid Iron and Nickle?

a)

Crust

b)

Mantle

c)

Outer Core

d)

Inner Core

4.

Which layer of the Earth is a dense solid ball of Iron and Nickle?

a)

Crust

b)

Mantle

c)

Outer Core

d)

Inner Core

5.

The soft part of the Mantle below the Lithosphere is called the:

a)

Crust

b)

Lithosphere

c)

Asthenosphere

d)

Core

6.

The rigid rocky layer of the crust and upper mantle is called the:

a)

Asthenosphere

b)

Lithosphere

c)

Core

7.

A wave of energy produced by an earthquake is a:

a)

Crest Wave

b)

Explosion

c)

Trough Wave

d)

Seismic Wave

8.

What layer of the Earth is represented by the letter A?

a)

Crust

b)

Mantle

c)

Outer Core

d)

Inner Core

9.

What layer of the Earth is represented by the letter B?

a)

Crust

b)

Mantle

c)

Outer Core

d)

Inner Core

10.

What layer of the Earth is represented by the letter C?

a)

Crust

b)

Mantle

c)

Outer Core

d)

Inner Core

11.

What layer of the Earth is represented by the letter D?

a)

Crust

b)

Mantle

c)

Outer Core

d)

Inner Core

12.

The layers of Earth are in the order they are in because:

a)

It keeps us safe

b)

It holds the Earth together

c)

They are made of the same materials

d)

The different layers have different densities

13.

Geologists know about the different layers of the Earth by using data collected from:

a)

Seismic waves

b)

Telescopes

c)

Submarines Waves

d)

iPhones

14.

The most dense layer of the Earth is:

a)

Crust

b)

Mantle

c)

Inner Core

d)

Outer Core

15.

The least dense layer of the Earth is the:

a)

Crust

b)

Mantle

c)

Inner Core

d)

Outer Core

16.

Choose the correct order of the layers of the Earth from the surface to the center:

a)

inner core, outer core, asthenosphere, lithosphere

b)

lithosphere, asthenosphere, outer core, inner core

c)

lithosphere, asthenosphere, inner core, outer core

d)

asthenosphere, lithosphere, outer core, inner core

17.

Which layers of the Earth are solid?

a)

Crust

b)

Mantle

c)

Outer Core

d)

Inner Core

18.

Which layer of the Earth contains material in constant motion because of convection currents?

(a)  

19.

Continental crust is made primarily of:

a)

granite

b)

basalt

c)

liquid iron & nickel

d)

solid iron & nickel

20.

Oceanic crust is made primarily of:

a)

granite

b)

basalt

c)

liquid iron & nickel

d)

solid iron & nickel

21.
What causes tectonic plates to move along the Earth's surface?
a)

Alfred Wegener

b)
ocean currents
c)

convection currents in the mantle

d)
expansion of the Earth
22.
What type of boundary occurs when two plates move away from each other?
a)
transform
b)
subduction
c)
convergent
d)
divergent
23.
What forms at a divergent boundary between two oceanic plates?
a)
rift valley
b)
mountain
c)
mid-ocean ridge
d)
trench
24.
Which type of crust is more dense?
a)
oceanic
b)
continental
25.
What type of boundary occurs when two plates move toward each other?
a)
convergent
b)
divergent
c)
transform
d)
lateral
26.
What forms at a convergent boundary between a continental plate and an oceanic plate?
a)
volcanoes
b)
rift valleys
c)
faults
d)
mid-ocean ridges
27.
A rift valley occurs at a ____________ boundary.
a)
divergent
b)
convergent
c)
transform
d)
horizontal
28.
What is the process in which hot molten rock rises, then cools and sinks back to the core?
a)
plate tectonics
b)
continental drift
c)
convection
d)
divergence
29.
A trench forms at a _________ boundary.
a)
convergent
b)
divergent
c)
transform
d)
vertical
30.
Mountains form at a ___________ boundary.
a)
transform
b)
divergent
c)
convergent
d)
subduction
31.
What type of boundary occurs when two plates slide past each other?
a)
divergent
b)
transform
c)
lateral
d)
convergent
32.
What type of boundary is shown at A?
a)
transform
b)
convergent
c)
divergent
d)
subduction
33.
What is happening at point B?
a)
subduction
b)
a divergent boundary
c)
convection
d)
an earthquake
34.
What is the process in which two plates move toward each other but one sinks under the other?
a)
subduction
b)
convection
c)
divergence
d)
transformation
35.

The North American plate and Pacific plates meet at the San Andres Fault in California causing frequent earthquakes. This fault is located at a _____ boundary.

a)

Ridge

b)

Divergent

c)

Convergent

d)

Transform

36.

Which oceanic plate in the above picture must be more dense? LEFT RIGHT

a)

The plate on the left (the plate with the volcano on it)

b)

The plate on the right (without the volcano)

37.

How do most mountains form?

a)

Continents collide and fold up on each other

b)

Earth is shrinking and the crust wrinkles up

c)

Ocean plates diverge and fold up on each other

d)

Gravity from the moon pulls sections of the Earth up

38.

Which TWO landforms occur when a continental plate and an oceanic plate hit each other?

a)

Volcanoes on land and Volcanic Islands

b)

Volcanoes on land and Deep Sea Trench

c)

Volcanoes on land and Mountains

d)

Rift Valley and Mid Ocean Ridge

39.

What kind of landform is created when a continent starts to get torn apart?

a)

Volcanic Island

b)

Deep Sea Trench

c)

Mid-ocean Ridge

d)

Rift Valley

e)

Mountains

40.

At a ______ plate boundary, crust is neither created nor destroyed.

a)

convergent

b)

divergent

c)

transform

d)

subduction

41.

At a ______ plate boundary, crust is created.

a)

convergent

b)

divergent

c)

transform

d)

subduction

42.

At a ______ plate boundary, crust is destroyed.

a)

convergent

b)

divergent

c)

transform

d)

subduction

43.

At what type of plate boundary do earthquakes occur?

a)

convergent

b)

divergent

c)

transform

d)

all of them

44.

During the process of subduction, the plate that is _____ dense will sink beneath the other.

a)

more

b)

less

45.

What determines the direction that tectonic plates move?

a)

the direction of the convection current underneath it

b)

the direction of the ocean currents

c)

the direction of the wind

d)

the core

46.

The theory that states that "pieces of the Earth's crust are in slow, constant motion driven by movement in the mantle" is...

a)

the theory of Pangaea

b)

the theory of plate tectonics

c)

the theory of plate boundaries

d)

the theory of evolution

47.

Who is credited with the Theory of Continental Drift?

(a)  

48.

Which 2 answer choices are evidence for the theory of continental drift?

a)

Land features such as mountain ranges appear to line up

b)

Seafloor spreading showed impressions of continents that were once in that spot

c)

Ancient writings described how the continents were once connected

d)

Fossils of the same plants/animals were found on different continents

49.

Why was Alfred Wegener's theory of continental drift not accepted by other scientists?

a)

He was a paleontologist and other scientists did not think that he was qualified to come up with these theories

b)

He did not have his sources cited properly

c)

He could not explain how or why the continents moved

d)

He did not do enough research

50.

During the process of subduction, a more dense plate will sink under the less dense plate. What happens when it sinks?

a)

It goes into the lithosphere

b)

It crumples up into a mountain

c)

It goes into the asthenosphere

d)

It creates a transform boundary

51.

What is the main component of soil?

a)

water

b)

weathered rock

c)

humus

d)

air

52.

Ms. Simms wants her plants to grow taller. What should she add to the soil to increase plant growth?

a)

sand

b)

humus

c)

silt

d)

nitrogen

53.

Which of the following are properties of soil?

a)

color

b)

texture

c)

fairness

d)

compactness

54.

Which of the following is true about the particle size of soil?

a)

Adding larger particles will increase the amount of water that passes through the soil.

b)

Adding smaller particles will increase the amount of water that passes through the soil.

c)

Adding larger particles will decrease the amount of water that passes through the soil.

d)

Adding smaller particles will increase then decrease the amount of water that passes through the soil.

55.

Soil that is fertile will have ________.

a)

low sand content

b)

a low pH

c)

a high amount of parent rock

d)

a high humus content

56.

How can you tell if soil has a lot of humus?

a)

It has a low mass

b)

It has a dark color

c)

It has a high pH

d)

It is very damp

57.

A plant that needs well-drained soil will mostly be made of ________.

a)

sand

b)

silt

c)

clay

d)

gravel

58.

How does soil acquire the nutrients necessary for plant growth?

a)

The nutrients come from sunlight

b)

The nutrients come from water

c)

The nutrients come from organic material

d)

The nutrients come from air

59.

A student identifies a soil sample as being "dark brown" and "gritty/grainy". What does this indicate about the soil?

a)

The soil is not considered fertile soil.

b)

The soil has a low humus content and is composed of mostly silt.

c)

The soil has a high humus content and is mostly composed of clay.

d)

The soil has a high humus content and is mostly composed of sand.

60.

Which type of particle helps soil retain (hold) water?

a)

sand

b)

silt

c)

clay

61.

Which type of particle helps soil drain water?

a)

sand

b)

silt

c)

clay

62.

Which of the following can be found in humus?

(Can be more than one answer)

a)

decaying plants

b)

decaying animals

c)

manure

d)

rocks & minerals

63.

Which soil conservation technique would best fit the scenario?

A farmer plants carrots in the same field every year. They notice that the carrots are not growing well in the field. What should they do?

a)

reduce the amount of times the fields are plowed to keep the roots in place

b)

rotate the crops to a different field

c)

plow along the curves of a hill to avoid erosion from rainwater

d)

plant rows of trees to prevent erosion of soil from wind

64.

Which soil conservation technique would best fit the scenario?

A farmer notices that his crops are leaning to one side after a massive windstorm. What should he do?

a)

reduce the amount of times the fields are plowed to keep the roots in place

b)

rotate the crops to a different field

c)

plow along the curves of a hill to avoid erosion from rainwater

d)

plant rows of trees to prevent erosion of soil from wind

65.

What are the three types of rocks?

a)

Igneous, Depository, Metamorphic

b)

Depository, Igneous, Sedimentary

c)

Metamorphic, Sedimentary, Depository

d)

Igneous, Metamorphic, Sedimentary

66.

How are metamorphic rocks formed?

a)

Heating and cooling

b)

Deposition

c)

Heating and pressure

d)

Materials gathering and pressing together

67.

How are igneous rocks formed?

a)

Compaction & cementation

b)

Heating and pressure

c)

Magma/lava cooling

d)

Deposition

68.

How are sedimentary rocks formed?

a)

Heating and pressure

b)

Compaction & cementation

c)

Magma/lava cooling

d)

Melting

69.

True or False: Rocks can turn into other rocks.

a)

True

b)

False

70.

True or False: Rocks and minerals are the same.

a)

True

b)

False

71.
What geologic process can change granite (igneous rock) into gneiss (metamorphic rock)?
a)
Compacting and cementing
b)
Cooling 
c)
Heat and pressure
d)
Melting
72.

What type of rock is formed from slow cooling magma UNDER the earth's surface?

a)

Extrusive Igneous

b)

Intrusive Igneous

c)

Metamorphic

d)

Sedimentary

73.

What type of rock is formed from slow cooling magma ON the earth's surface?

a)

Extrusive Igneous

b)

Intrusive Igneous

c)

Metamorphic

d)

Sedimentary

74.

The Mount Rushmore National Monument is carved from the granite (formed from magma underground) of South Dakota's Black Hills. What type of rock is granite?

a)

Igneous

b)

Metamorphic

c)

Sedimentary

d)

None of the above

75.

The seated sculpture of President Lincoln inside the Lincoln Memorial was carved out of white Georgia marble (formed from Earth's pressure and heat). What type of is marble?

a)

Igneous

b)

Metamorphic

c)

Sedimentary

d)

None of the above

76.
Which type of rock is made by small bits of rock, mud, or sand compacted and cemented together?
a)
Coal
b)
igneous
c)
metamorphic
d)
sedimentary
77.

Magma --> _____________ --> Igneous Rock

a)

Melting

b)

Cooling

c)

Heat & pressure

d)

Compaction & cementation

78.

Sedimentary Rock --> ____________--> Sediment

a)

compaction and cemetation

b)

weathering and erosion

c)

heat and pressure

d)

melting and cooling

79.

Metamorphic Rock --> ____________--> Igneous Rock

a)

compaction and cemetation

b)

weathering and erosion

c)

heat and pressure

d)

melting and cooling

80.

Igneous Rock --> ____________--> Sedimentary Rock

a)

weathering & erosion, compaction & cementation

b)

weathering & erosion, heating & cooling

c)

heat and pressure

d)

melting and cooling

81.

Molten rock that is under the surface of the Earth is called

a)

lava

b)

magma

c)

sedimentary rock

d)

metamorphic rock

82.

Molten rock that is on the surface of the Earth is called

a)

lava

b)

magma

c)

sedimentary rock

d)

metamorphic rock

83.

Classify this rock base on this description: Slate is a type of rock. It is often used to make roof tiles for houses. Slate can form when rocks such as shale are changed by high temperature and pressure.

a)

igneous

b)

metamorphic

c)

sedimentary

84.

Classify this rock base on this description: Conglomerate is a type of rock. It is made up of grains of many different sizes, such as sand, mud, and pebbles. Conglomerate forms when layers of these sediments are pressed together to form rock.

a)

igneous

b)

metamorphic

c)

sedimentary

85.

Classify this rock base on this description: Pumice is a type of rock. It forms from melted rock. It can form when melted rock traps water and gas bubbles while cooling. Some pieces of pumice can float in water and are found near volcanoes.

a)

igneous

b)

metamorphic

c)

sedimentary

86.

Basalt is formed by the rapid cooling of lava and rich in magnesium and iron. How can basalt be classified?

a)

igneous

b)

metamorphic

c)

sedimentary

87.

Shale if a type of rock made from fine grains of sediments composed of mud that is a mix of flakes of clay minerals and tiny fragments of other minerals. How would you classify shale?

a)

igneous

b)

metamorphic

c)

sedimentary

88.

Which of the following are examples of physical weathering?

a)

Ice wedging

b)

Abrasion

c)

Acid Rain

d)

Rust

89.

Which of the following are examples of chemical weathering?

a)

Ice wedging

b)

Abrasion

c)

Acid Rain

d)

Rust

90.

Trees and roots will dig into the cracks of a rock and continue to grow until splitting the rock in half. This is an example of ___________.

a)

Physical Weathering

b)

Chemical Weathering

c)

Erosion

d)

Deposition

91.

Acids in rainwater dissolve minerals in rock, wearing them down. This is an example of ___________.

a)

Physical Weathering

b)

Chemical Weathering

c)

Erosion

d)

Deposition

92.

Rain washes away soil and moves it downhill. This is an example of ___________.

a)

Physical Weathering

b)

Chemical Weathering

c)

Erosion

d)

Deposition

93.

Sediment from a river drops at the mouth of the river, forming a delta. This is an example of ___________.

a)

Physical Weathering

b)

Chemical Weathering

c)

Erosion

d)

Deposition

94.

Rocks in a stream are smooth from rubbing against each other as they move in the water. This is an example of ___________.

a)

Physical Weathering

b)

Chemical Weathering

c)

Erosion

d)

Deposition

95.

Sediments freeze in glaciers and are carried to other locations. This is an example of ___________.

a)

Physical Weathering

b)

Chemical Weathering

c)

Erosion

d)

Deposition

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