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WorksheetsCognitive Psychology IB
Total questions: 45
Worksheet time: 25mins
How many components does the Multi-store model of memory include?
1
2
3
4
What action is necessary to transfer information from the short-term memory to the long-term memory?
Attention
Rehearsal
Retrieval
Chunking
Which of the following points is NOT a valid criticism of the multi-store model?
It isn't supported by any scientific evidence.
It wrongly emphasizes structure over process.
It argues that memory works in a linear direction.
It over emphasizes the importance of rehearsal.
Which of the following components is the odd one out?
Central Executive
Sensory Store
Phonological Loop
Episodic Buffer
Which definition best describes the term 'Schema'?
A process of memory involving the transfer of information to internal mental structures.
A reflection of an object or an event in the mind.
A sequence of actions or events.
A mental representation that influences our knowledge, beliefs and expectations.
Which of the following statements does not belong to System 2 of the Dual Process Model of thinking and decision making?
Abstract
Conscious reasoning
Slow and requiring effort
Not logic based and prone to error
Which of the following statements is a genuine strength of the dual process model of thinking and decision making?
There is biological evidence
It provides a holistic explanation
It provides a very clear explanation
It has very low levels of culture bias
Which definition best describes the term 'reconstructive memory'?
Misleading information that can cause inaccuracies in recall of events.
Information about an event provided after the event already occurred.
A form of retrieval that involves identifying an object as previously seen.
Memory is an active process of recreation of past events.
In Loftus and Palmer's (1974) study, which verb provided the highest estimate of speed?
Collided
Smashed
Hit
Bumped
'The tendency to focus on information that supports a pre-existing belief' is an example of...?
Cognitive Bias
Framing Effect
Confirmation Bias
Heuristics
Which theory/concept was being tested by Brown and Kulik (1977)?
Flashbulb Memory
Leading Questions
Schema Theory
Neural Mechanisms in Memory
Which of the following is NOT a valid limitation of Flashbulb Memory Theory?
There are cultural differences that indicate that rehearsal may play the most important role
It is impossible to verify the accuracy of memories
It is not supported by any biological evidence
It is not possible to measure one's emotional state at the time of an event
In relation to the dual process model, what would be the effect of increased emotion on decision making?
Increase our dependence on System 1 as cognitive load is increased, making cognitive processing by System 2 easy
Decrease our dependence on System 1 as cognitive load is increased, making cognitive processing by System 2 easy
Increase our dependence on System 1 as cognitive load is increased, making cognitive processing by System 2 difficult
Decrease our dependence on System 1 as cognitive load is increased, making cognitive processing by System 2 difficult
Sharot et al (2007) examined the role of Flashbulb Memory on the memories of which significant event?
Boston Marathon Bombing
London Subway Bombing
The Moon Landing
Terrorist Attacks on September 11th
Loftus' research showed that the most problematic source of inaccurate eyewitness testimony was from
witnesses conferring with each other about the events
leading questions by police and lawyers
underdeveloped schema leading to the witness not understanding their surroundings
witnesses not wanting to participate in legal proceedings
Short Term Memory
The retention of encoded material over time.
the process in which information in your memory can be recalled
the part of the memory system where information is stored for roughly 30 seconds
a way of organizing information into familiar groupings.
Long term memory is defined as
is the process of repeatedly verbalizing or thinking about a piece of information
the unlimited capacity memory store that can hold information over lengthy periods of time.
bringing a thought or idea learned previously, and thus stored in memory into conscious awareness
The retention of encoded material over time.
Semantic memory
Taking a photograph in one's mind of a specific event
general knowledge that people remember, like counting by 10s
memory of a specific event that took place in the person’s presence or through experience
only is lost after a bout of anmesia
Transforming incoming information into a usable form is the stage of memory called
organization
storage
encoding
retrieval
A flashbulb memory would typically be stored in ________ memory.
long-term memory
short-term memory
iconic memory
implicit memory
In an attempt to buy the best quality cooking pan, one might assume expensive = best. This is the use of:
Concepts
Algorithms
Heuristic
Overconfidence
The WMM was developed by who?
Baddeley et al., (1991)
Atkinson and Shiffrin (1974)
Miller (1956)
Glanzer and Cunitz (1966)
Baddeley and Hitch (1974)
Which of the following are components within the 1974 WMM?
Visuospatial Sketchpad
Central Executive
Articulatory rehearsal system
Episodic Buffer
LTM
Your mom still thinks Pluto is a planet, though it was downgraded to a
"dwarf planet" in 2006. Is she spacing out or experiencing...
anchoring bias
negativity bias
matching bias
availability heuristic
negativity bias
confirmation bias
blind spot bias
bandwagon bias
Which of the following are a cognitive function?
Cardiovascular system
Critical thinking
reasoning
endocrine system
judgement
Schemas are based on:
Past experiences
Future experiences
An individual's biology
An individual's family environment
The process of integrating new knowledge into existing schemas (such as adding the new iPhone43 to your schema of 'phone') is called
Deprivation
Autonomy
Assimilation
Accommodation
Dory repeating directions while navigating the pipes is an example of
Heuristic
Concept
Flashbulb memory
Rehearsal
Dory's emotional, sudden remembrance of the undertow from her childhood is an example of
Recognition
Flashbulb memory
Sensory memory
Repetition
If you believe you're taking medicine it can sometimes 'work' even if it's fake.
placebo effect
duning-kruger effect
framing effect
confirmation bias
Which kind of study can establish a cause-effect relationship between variables, assuming that the research is appropriate and well conceived?
survey
case study
correlational study
experiment
This research method is a descriptive technique in which one individual or group is studied in depth in the hope of revealing universal principles
Case Study
Survey
Observational
Experiments
The advantage of this descriptive method of research is that it creates an immense amount of data to be gathered quickly and inexpensively.
Survey
Experiments
Correlational
Case Study
What does the term "ethics" mean in psychology?
correct rules of conduct necessary when carrying out research
experiments
opportunity sampling
publishing research findings
"Briefing" the participants would most likely mean...
giving participants information about the study before it begins
giving participants information about the study after it begins
putting participants into the the most appropriate conditions
ensuring there is no physical harm done
If participants feel unhappy for any reason with the research after debriefing what must they be given?
Informed consent
Anonymity
The right to withdraw their data
Additional payment
Once participants have started the research study they cannot withdraw unless the researcher gives permission.
True
False
Names of participants cannot be published with the research results
True
False
Typically, _________________ is provided before the study begins in the form of a signature on a detailed form explaining the study the participant will take part in.
a code of ethics
informed consent
right to withdraw
debriefing
__________ aim to classify features, count them, and create statistical models to test hypotheses.
Qualitative Method
Interviews
Quantitative Method
Fieldwork Studies
The process of finding and recruiting subjects for a study is __________.
credibility
sampling
Bias is a threat mainly to the __________ of one's study results.
triangulation
internal validity
credibility
sampling
