Font size
WorksheetsLinguistic 4 semestre
Total questions: 169
Worksheet time: 2hrs 4mins
What does it mean to know a morpheme or word?
It means you know its form (sound or gesture) and meaning
It means you know how to write it.
It means you know its form.
Read the morphemes and choose which IS a derivational morpheme.
Jake’s
constructivism
biggest
In implicature, what principle suggests that conversational participants will contribute relevant and necessary information for the ongoing discourse?
Grice's Maxims
Levinson's Rules
Searle's Principles
Austin's Guidelines
If I say a square has three sides, I am violating the maxim of
Quality: Truth
Quantity: Information
Relation: Relevance
Implicature in pragmatics refers to:
The process of language acquisition in children
The analysis of syntactic structures in sentences
The intended meaning conveyed indirectly through language use
The study of linguistic sounds and their meanings
What illocutionary force involves expressing emotions or attitudes?
assertive
directive
expressive
commissive
Situational context refers to ……………, for example, pointing or nodding when we talk. e.g., when we say she went that way, we point a direction
gestures
phrases
characteristics
The phrase, "Don't eat more cake." is an example of...
Speech acts
Presupposition
illocutionary force
What are examples of person deixis?
Now, then, soon, tomorrow.
I, you, he, she, it, we, they
here, there, over there.
Which deictic word is appropriate when referring to a location away from both the speaker and the listener?
here
that
this
there
The phrase, "Magus nominated Lily to take on the role of secretary." is an example of:
illocutionary force
Speech acts
Presupposition
What illocutionary force is associated with making statements or providing information about the world?
assertive
expressive
commissive
directive
How does the "Maxim of Quantity" relate to providing information?
It emphasizes speaking as briefly as possible, regardless of the context.
It encourages sharing too much information to impress others
It advises avoiding sharing any information to maintain privacy.
It suggests providing enough information to meet the needs of the conversation.
If I say the sun is green, I am violating the maxim of
Quality: Truth
Relation: Relevance
Quantity: Information
Grice's Cooperative Principle posits that people in a conversation are generally expected to be:
Argumentative and competitive
Polite and respectful
Cooperative and informative
Humorous and witty
What type of speech act involves expressing personal feelings, attitudes, or emotions?
expressive
directive
commissive
assertive
What is pragmatics?
The branch of linguistics and logic concerned with meaning.
Pragmatics is the study of how context affects meaning
It studies the sound patterns that occur within languages.
The phrase, "I hereby apologize for hurting you." is an example of:
illocutionary force
Presupposition
Speech acts
Which illocutionary force involves expressing personal feelings or attitudes?
commissive
assertive
directive
expressive
When we say, “They went that way,” and point a certain direction with our head, we can say that…
it refers to a social context.
it refers to a situational context
it refers to a linguistic context.
Which maxim relates to expressing oneself in a clear and concise manner, avoiding ambiguity or obscurity?
Quality
Manner
Quantity
Relation
The phrase, "I hereby resent." is an example of...
Presupposition
Speech acts
illocutionary force
What is pragmatics?
The study of language use in context and communication
The study of language sounds and phonetics
The study of sentence structure and grammar
The study of word meanings and vocabulary
The "Maxims of Conversation" were proposed by:
Immanuel Kant
Paul Grice
Isaac Newton
Sigmund Freud
The phrase, "I am not sorry for my sins." is an example of...
Speech acts
illocutionary force
Presupposition
Which of the following is an example of a speech act?
Identifying the subject and predicate of a sentence
Asking a question about someone's age
Describing the appearance of an object
Analyzing the phonemic inventory of a language
If I say a triangle has four sides, I am violating the maxim of
Quantity: Information
Relation: Relevance
Quality: Truth
Complete this sentence. Reflexive pronouns require that a sentence has two noun phrases, ... that match with the reflexive pronoun or vice versa.
a verb
an antecedent
an adjective
The phrase, "I do not repent of my thefts ." is an example of...
Presupposition
Speech acts
illocutionary force
What term refers to an implied meaning suggested by an utterance but not explicitly expressed
inference
assertion
statement
explanation
A maximum of discourse is:
Pragmatic rules that follow implicit principles.
Saying what you believe to be false.
Ambiguity is part of an implicature.
We can add ………… to Deictic words.
demonstratives
adjectives
articles
Speech acts tell us...
Semantic relationships
People use language to do things like a warning, nominating, reminding, etc.
states of a
Which of the following is NOT a component of pragmatics?
Speech acts
Phonetics and phonology
Politeness and implicature
Discourse analysis
The phrase, "I am not sorry for my follies." is an example of...
Speech acts
illocutionary force
Presupposition
Which linguist is known for his extensive work on implicature?
Paul Grice
Roman Jakobson
Noam Chomsky
Ferdinand de Saussure
Which maxim involves providing just enough information to fulfill the purpose of the communication?
Quantity
Relation
Quality
Manner
This phrase, "Visit him again." is an example of:
illocutionary force
Presupposition
Speech acts
Which of the following statements is an example of conversational implicature?
"It's cold in here. Can you close the window?"
"Would you mind passing the salt?"
"I bought a new car and a house."
"You look nice today."
The phrase, "I am not sorry for my lies." is an example of...
illocutionary force
Speech acts
Presupposition
…………………is the study of extra-truth-conditional meaning
Pragmatics
Syntax
Fonetics
The phrase, "I dared not breathe a word of it to anybody." is an example of:
Presupposition
illocutionary force
Speech acts
This phrase, "Eat more pizza," is an example of:
Presupposition
illocutionary force
Speech acts
Which deictic word is used to refer to a location near the speaker?
here
there
this
that
What does the Maxim of Quantity: Information refer to?
Make your contribution as informative as required for the exchange's current purposes
Be orderly.
Avoid obscurity of expression.
Which of the following is an example of a pragmatic phenomenon?
Understanding the grammatical structure of a sentence
Analyzing the phonetic features of a speech sound
Identifying the tense and aspect of a verb
Interpreting sarcasm or irony in a conversation
What term refers to the basic units of communication that carry out an action or achieve a specific purpose in a conversation?
speech act
communicative acts
expressive acts
linguistic acts
When applying the "Maxim of Manner," one should:
Speak straightforwardly without ambiguity
Only talk about topics that are relevant to everyone in the conversation
Use complex and sophisticated language to impress the audience
Avoid eye contact to maintain a sense of mystery
Violating the "Maxim of Manner" may lead to:
Misunderstandings and confusion
Legal consequences for providing false information
Being considered too talkative or chatty
Losing the interest of the listeners
What are examples of time deixis?
I, you, he, she, it, we, they.
here, there, over there.
now, then, soon, tomorrow
Which maxim focuses on relevance and the avoidance of introducing irrelevant information?
Relation
Quantity
Quality
Manner
What is a situational context?
That refers to what has been said already in the utterance.
It refers to gestures, pointing, or nodding when we talk
Situational context refers to a situation in which information is exchanged.
How is illocutionary force determined?
With performative verbs, it is mentioned overtly, while with other verbs, it is determined by context.
It is determined from the context with other verbs
Overtly, in the case of performative verbs
Which deictic word refers to a person or thing near the speaker?
this
here
that
there
Cultural transmission is:
heritage of traditional customs from the family
The cultural education learned from radio programs
foreign language transmitted from foreigners to new generations.
language passed on from one generation to the next
Which of these statements is an example of Arbitrariness?
A and B
A dog= It is necessary to see the image to understand the word
"Meow"= It is not necessary to see the image to understand the word
Which of the following is an example of in
Adding "-ly" to form an adverb
Adding "un-" to form a negative adjective
Adding "-s" to form the plural of a noun
Adding "-ness" to form a noun
"Christmas parties" is an example of____
Noun phrase
Verb phrase
Adverbial phrase
Which of these words is/have a derivational morpheme?
Killed
joyful
Tend
How many morphemes are in the word desirability?
3
2
1
Which sentence is grouped into its natural units¬?
[My cousin] [[was a down to earth] [guy]]
[My cousin] [[was] [a down to earth] [guy]]
[My cousin] [[was] [a down to earth guy]]
"Ana's daughter is tall, it means that Anna is a mother of a girl" is an example of:
Contradictions
Synonyms
Entailments
Which sentence is grouped into its natural units¬?
[The little girl often] [[ate] [all her food]]
[The little girl] [[often ate] [all] [her food]]
[The little girl] [[often] [ate] [all her food]]
What is an affix?
A part of a word that cannot stand alone and modi
A word that can stand alone and has a meaning
The process of combining two or more words to create a new one
The study of word order in a sentence
How are "articles, numerals, quantifiers" known in a Syntaxt context?
Morphemes
Determiners
Constituents
Which is the suffix in the word UNHAPPINESS?
ness
un
happy
Prescriptive grammar is...
the description of rules that people know
grammar that attempts to regulate what your grammar should be
invented for adults to learn how to speak the dialect of the upper class
It was thought that uneducated people have to speak and write using the correct forms
Which of the following statements is incorrect?
American Sign Language uses visual-gestural systems to represent words and grammatical rules
sign languages give us evidence that all languages are governed by the same universal principles
sign language uses visual-gestural systems to write in a foreign language
sing language has its lexicon, grammatical rules of signs encoded through a system of gestures
To develop grammar knowledge a child needs to...
combine words and make complex sentences with the lexicon they have acquired
pick up their mother tongue by just listening to his parents or caregivers when he is little
be exposed to the written language
have a specific or formal instruction
"A dead person never breathes" is an example of:
Contradictions
Entailments
Tautologies
Which sentence is grouped into its natural units¬?
[The little boys] [[have] [seen many] [animals]] [in the zoo]]
[The little boys] [[have seen] [many animals in]] [the zoo]]
[The little boys] [[have] [seen] [many animals]] [in the zoo]]
According to Fromkin et al., 2014, 84 Syntactic categories are … that have similar characteristics, so can be replaced one for another
Groups of words and letters
Groups of words and clauses
Groups of words and phrases
"It is important to consider punctuation: It is critical to consider punctuation." is an example of:
Entailments
Contradictions
Paraphrases
Which sentence is grouped into its natural units¬?
[My Siamese kitten] [[walked into]] [the living room]]
[[My Siamese] [kitten]] [walked into the]] [living room]
My Siamese kitten] [[walked]] [into the living room]]
Which sentence is grouped into its natural units¬?
[[The man] [that I love you]] [[studied at] [Harvard]]
[The man that I love you] [[studied] [at Harvard]]
[[The man that] [I love you]] [[studied at] [Harvard]]
Which of these morphemes means NOT
inter…
dis…
trans…
A Noun phrase…
generally consists of a determiner, articles, possessives, demonstratives, numerals, ordinals,
quantifiers, and a noun
generally consists of a determiner, articles, possessives, prepositions, adverbs, demonstratives, numerals, ordinals, and a quantifier
generally consists of a determiner, articles, possessives, demonstratives, numerals, ordinals, quantifiers, a noun, and a verb
Which property of language suggests that all humans can pass on language and culture from generation to generation.
Productivity
Displacement
Universality
Cultural transmission
Which of the following statements is not true?
animals can exchange information with other members of their species but in a simple way since they do not have a system of communication
animals can exchange information with other members of their species since they have a system of communication
They can communicate about the past or the future
animals can exchange information with other members of their species and have their own language
Which word has a bound morpheme
play
cheaply
little
Which property of language suggests that the relationship between words and their meanings is not based on any inherent connection?
Displacement
Productivity
Arbitrariness
Universality
A constituent is a group of words that function or work together as a ……………..
Word
Unit
Phrase
"pros and cons" is an example of:
Relational opposites
Entailments
How many morphemes are in the word meaningful?
3
1
2
Read the morphemes and choose which is an inflectional morpheme.
buying
disrespectful
illogical
What is the pregnant binary pair?
unpregnant
non-pregnant
pregnancy
What are Idioms?
They are fixed expressions whose meanings are learned through their parts.
Those are fixed expressions whose meanings are compositional.
Fixed expressions whose meanings are learned as a whole unit.
What is a hierarchical structure of phrasal categories?
The hierarchical structure of phrasal categories is universal and is specified by the X-bar schema, consisting of a specifiera, a head, and its compements and adjuncts.
It has several constituents
It has just a NP and a VP
Linguistic performance refers to…
How we use the vocabulary in written sentences
How we use our knowledge of words and grammar in real speech production and comprehension
The knowledge of words (mental dictionary/lexicon) and grammar.
Read the morphemes and choose which IS a derivational morpheme.
dances
friendlier
vegetarian
Displacement refers to...
a language is organized into two levels: single words and words.
there is no natural connection between a linguistic form and its meaning.
the capacity of human beings to communicate or talk about the past or future.
What word is not a polysemy?
face
head
car
What is syntax?
The meanings of words, phrases, and sentences.
How words combine to form sentences.
How language forms combine to form words.
What are Metaphors?
Sentences that seem anomalous but have a meaning.
Those are anomalous sentences without meaning.
They are well-structured sentences with meaning.
“Sue killed the cat. The cat died” is an example of...
contradiction
paradox
entailment
Read the morphemes and choose which IS an inflectional morpheme.
disrespectful
driven
illogical
What are Metaphors?
Sentences that seem anomalous but have a meaning
Those are anomalous sentences without meaning.
They are well-structured sentences with meaning.
What sentence does not have this structure V- V PP?
You lied to me.
He told the truth.
He laughed at me.
What is Language?
It is a system of words
It is a system that involves sounds (or hand and body gestures) with meanings.
It is a system of sounds
What is the homonym of “flower."
floor
fluor
flour
Compositional semantics is concerned with...
meaning of morphemes and words
the meaning of phrases and sentences
just the meaning of words
What sentence does not have this structure NP- Det N?
Paul walked into the market.
The girl found 10 dollars
The boy walked into the house.
The ability that a speaker of a language has to create a limitless number of sentences just using a finite number of grammatical rules is known as...
displacement
creativity
discreteness
The descriptive grammar of a language represents...
A grammar that attempts to impose what your grammar should be
the unconscious linguistic knowledge or capacity of its speakers. It does not teach the language rules; it describes the already-known rules.
it was created to help people learn a foreign language or a dialect of their own language.
What is not the meaning of does?
female deer (plural)
present, the third-person singular form of the verb “do.”
plural of the noun do
What is the heteronym of "live" (verb)?
leave (noun)
live(Adjective)
life (Noun)
What are suffixes?
They are morphemes attached to the root at the beginning and end of the root.
They are letters that are added in the middle of other morphemes.
They are a group of letters added at the end of a base or root. The most common su
Syntactic categories can be divided into:
phrasal categories, lexical categories, and functional categories.
phrasal categories and lexical categories
phrasal categories and functional categories.
What happens when you add a prefix to a root?
Prefixes change the category of the root.
Sometimes prefixes change the category of the root.
Prefixes do not change the root category
Choose which of the following morphemes is a bound morpheme.
tie
doll
ed
What is the synonym for "outgoing?
withdrawn
friendly
bashful
Choose which morpheme IS NOT a free morpheme.
pie
die
er
What is sense?
It refers to the additional elements of meaning beyond reference. It is the extra something to complete the association between the reference part of a word’s meaning and its referent.
It is the meaning of a word or expression.
It is the mental image that a word evokes.
What is not the gradable antonym between hot and cold
tepid
lukewarm
freezing
What is borrowing?
This is a word derived from the name of a place or people, such as a sandwich, hoover, jeans, or watt.
It means that languages take words from other languages.
Borrowing is the invention or creation of new words using invented trade names for commercial products that become commonplace terms. Kleenex, aspirin, Xerox, etc.
What IS NOT a characteristic of an inflectional suffix?
No word class change
Lexical Function
Grammatical function
Arbitrariness in a language means that…
there is no natural connection between a linguistic form and its meaning.
each sound is treated as distinct or di
we can create hundreds of sentences just using some grammar rules
What is the wrong statement when we talk about selection?
Adjectives select their complements.
A head can take a complement depending on its properties.
Some verbs, like think, may not select both a PP and a sentence complement.
Read the morphemes and determine which IS NOT an inflectional morpheme.
unhappy
played
boys
What is the head of a NP?
A determiner
A noun
An Adjective
What is an anomaly?
When the parts of a sentence do not fit sensibly together.
When the parts of a sentence fit sensibly together.
When the parts of a sentence have coherence.
Read the morphemes and choose which IS a derivational morpheme.
biggest
constructivism
Jake’s
There are two types of morphemes:
bound morphemes and stems
free and bound morphemes
free morphemes and stems
What sentence does not have this structure (P-P NP)?
She was fond of the puppy.
Jake became happy eventually
She became afraid of the thief.
What sentence does not have this structure VP- V?
David’s car broke down
Jake took off his tie
Sue overslept
What are no examples of lexical categories?
Noun
Adjective
NP and VP
When a speaker of a language knows his language, he knows its system. It means that he knows the language.
linguistic competence
linguistic performance
grammar
What is a bound morpheme?
It can stand alone with a specific meaning.
They are a group of letters that are added to the beginning, middle, or end of the free morpheme, which change the meaning of the free morpheme.
It is a letter added in the middle of other morphemes
What is the structure of a sentence?
A noun phrase and a verb phrase
A noun phrase and an Adjective phrase.
A noun phrase and an Adverbial phrase.
Choose the wrong option. The phrase structure trees show:
The hierarchical organization of the syntactic categories as determined by the X-bar schema.
The identification of the syntactic categories of words and groups of words.
The column major order of the words in a sentence.
Which sentence is grouped into its natural units¬?
[[The man that] [I love you]] [[studied at] [Harvard]]
[[The man] [that I love you]] [[studied at] [Harvard]]
[The man that I love you] [[studied] [at Harvard]]
Which sentence is grouped into its natural units¬?
[The cat and the dog] [[played in] [the patio]]
[[The cat and] [the dog]] [[played in] [the patio]]
[[The cat] [and] [the dog]] [[played] [in the patio]]
Read the morphemes and choose which IS NOT an inflectional morpheme
Typically
tallest
gives
Which of the following statements is not correct
The incomprehensible relationship between the form (sounds) and meaning (concept) of a word does not happen in sign languages
Arbitrariness is the principal reason why learners cannot memorize the vocabulary of a foreign language easily
Arbitrariness exists in all languages
Arbitrariness is the lack of natural connection between a linguistic form (sound) and its meaning (concept)
Which property of language involves the social and cultural transmission of language from one generation to another?
Cultural transmission
Universality
Productivity
Displacement
Choose the synonym of outgoing
withdrawn
bashful
friendly
Which of the following is an example of a derivational morpheme?
"-ly" in "quickly."
"-ed" in "walked."
"-er" in "teacher."
"-s" in "cats."
"___" is a function word
loving
moon
A
Which of the following statements is incorrect?
sign languages give us evidence that all languages are governed by the same universal principles
American Sign Language uses visual-gestural systems to represent words and grammatical rules
sing language has its lexicon, grammatical rules of signs encoded through a system of gestures
sign language uses visual-gestural systems to write in a foreign language
Choose the set of words that contain suffixes
cheerful, engagement, homeless
transform, transcribe, transplant
befriend, belittle
Which of the following statements about duality is not correct?
phonemes are meaningless when we pronounce them in different new combinations.
we produce words with different sounds and meanings
language is organized into two levels. One level is when we produce single sounds, and on the other level, we produce these sounds in a specific combination
when we combine phonemes and make words, they become meaningful
Which of the following is NOT a property of language?
Productivity
Permanence
Arbitrariness
Displacement
"___" is a closed-class word
complete
in
love
According to Fromkin et al., 2014, 84 the phrase structure trees show:
The syntactic categories of words and phrases
The syntactic categories of words
The syntactic categories of words and letters
Which of these phrasal categories best describes the verb's meaning?
Adverbial phrase
Adjective Phrase
Noun phrase
Which of the following is a bound morpheme?
"Table"
"-ing"
"Cat"
"Walk"
Which of the following is a free morpheme?
"book"
"un-" in "undo."
"-s" in "cats."
"-ly" in "quickly."
Which words have a bound morpheme?
bed
scarf
careful
Creativity is:
The capacity to understand new sentences learned from another speaker
The ability to learn grammar and learn a finite number of sentences to communicate
The capacity humans have to combine sounds to form words, phrases, and sentences
The ability to learn several languages combining them to create another new language
How many morphemes are in the word helpless?
3
1
2
Which sentence is grouped into its natural units¬?
[The little girl often] [[ate] [all her food]]
[The little girl] [[often] [ate] [all her food]]
[The little girl] [[often ate] [all] [her food]]
What is knowledge of words?
It is the recognition and identifination of words meaning in a different language
It is the recognition and identification of sounds that belong or not to a language
It is the ability to translate words from a mother tongue to a foreign language
It is the recognition and identi
What is Grammar?
Grammar refers to the mental lexicon
All grammars have adopted words from other languages
The set of language rules to produce and understand an infinite set of possible sentences
What does the theory of Universal Grammar refer to?
Languages are different, which is why it is really difficult to learn another language.
Most languages have adopted words from other languages
All languages share common characteristics, for example, sounds, alphabet, letters, etc.
The phrase, "Don't come to class late!" is an example of...
illocutionary force
Presupposition
Speech acts
The phrase, "I am not sorry for my blunders." is an example of...
Speech acts
Presupposition
illocutionary force
When we say, “Ronaldo is a good soccer player,” then add to the conversation, “He received the gold ball,” we can say that the word he…
refers to a social context.
refers to a situational context.
refers to a linguistic context.
The "Maxim of Quantity" refers to:
Giving the right amount of information
Avoiding irrelevant or unnecessary details
Speaking in a clear and straightforward manner
Being brief and concise
Find the incorrect option. A characteristic of a maxim of quantity: Information is…
Do not say what you believe to be false.
Make your contribution as informative as required for the exchange's current purposes.
Do not make your contribution more informative than is required.
What is an implicature?
We use it when we give someone to understand or suggest indirectly through what we say rather than explicitly stating what we think about something.
It describes how speakers of a language use language to make promises, lay bets, issue warnings, christen boats, nominate people for a position, congratulate someone, or swear testimony.
It is a situation that must be true for utterances to be appropriate
When pointing out a person or object away from the speaker and the listener, which deictic word should be used?
here
there
that
this
Find the incorrect option. A characteristic of a maxim of manner: Clarity is…
Be orderly
Make your contribution as informative as required for the exchange's current purposes.
Avoid obscurity of expression.
If I say winter is sunny, I am violating the maxim o
Quantity: Information
Quality: Truth
Relation: Relevance
The "Maxim of Relation" is about:
Staying focused on the topic of conversation
Adhering strictly to formal language rules
Establishing a good relationship with the audience
Making the conversation enjoyable and interactive
What is the focus of pragmatics?
Morphology and word formation
Semantics and word meaning
Syntax and sentence formation
Context and speaker meaning
When we say, “I will be back in 30 minutes,” we can say that…
it doesn’t have a context.
it refers to a pointing situational context.
it refers to a nodding situational context.
Which of the following is not a maxim?
Maxime of quality. Truth.
Maxime of quantity. Information.
Maxime of relation. Irrelevance
When following the "Maxim of Quality," one should:
Avoid being repetitive in their speech
Be truthful and avoid providing false information
Be funny and entertain the audience
Use expressive language to engage listeners
The phrase, "I hereby bet you one hundred dollars our soccer team defeats your team." is an example of:
Speech acts
illocutionary force
Presupposition
