Free Printable Review Chapter 11

1.

If a cubical cell with 2-cm sides doubles the dimensions of its sides, what change occurs to the ratio of its surface area to volume?

a)

The ratio is quartered.

b)

The ratio is quadrupled.

c)

The ratio is doubled.

d)

The ratio is halved.

2.

If the side of a cubical cell doubled, what would the cell then require? Select all the correct answers.

a)

eight times more nutrients

b)

four times more nutrients

c)

to excrete eight times more waste

d)

to excrete four times more waste

3.

Which of the following is NOT a useful purpose is served by cell division in a multicellular organism?

a)

to ensure that a cell does not become too large

b)

to produce new cells during an organism's growth

c)

to ensure all cells remain undifferentiated

d)

to replace damaged cells and tissues

4.

Bacteria reproduce _______ through cell fission. However, in another process, a tube of cytoplasm can temporarily connect two bacterial cells. Some DNA passes through this tube. Like ________ reproduction, this process causes genetic variation. However, it does not produce offspring.

a)

sexually, sexual

b)

asexually, asexual

c)

sexually, asexual

d)

asexually, sexual

5.

Paramecium is a single-celled protozoan. The graph shows a typical growth curve for a colony of Paramecium. Two Paramecium cells sometimes engage in a sexual process in which genetic materials are exchanged, but no new cells are produced. Which additional observation would provides the strongest evidence that Paramecium reproduces asexually?

a)

The colony begins decreasing in number after Day 14.

b)

The cells in the colony are genetically different from one another.

c)

The cells in the colony become smaller over time.

d)

The cells in the colony are genetically identical.

6.

If an organism is successful in a particular environment,

______________ reproduction is ____________.

a)

asexual, advantageous

b)

asexual, disadvantageous

c)

sexual, advantageous

d)

sexual, disadvantageous

7.

However, if an environment changes, some offspring of

_________ reproduction may have a better chance of survival and reproductive success than others in a population because of _____________.

a)

asexual, genetic variability

b)

asexual, genetic stability

c)

sexual, genetic variability

d)

sexual, genetic stability

8.

Which is label A indicating?

a)

DNA double helix

b)

Histone proteins

c)

Coils and supercoils

d)

Nucleosome

9.

Which is label B indicating?

a)

DNA double helix

b)

Histone proteins

c)

Coils and supercoils

d)

Nucleosome

10.

Which is label D indicating?

a)

DNA double helix

b)

Histone proteins

c)

Coils and supercoils

d)

Nucleosome

11.

Which is label C indicating?

a)

DNA double helix

b)

Histone proteins

c)

Coils and supercoils

d)

Nucleosome

12.

The development of insects such as the fruit fly, Drosophila, consists of two phases. The larva emerges from the egg and after a period of growth, changes into an adult. The adult insect is very different from the larva. The precursor cells for the adult structures are present in small clusters (the imaginal discs) inside the larva. During the larval stage the disc cells do not play a role. However, during metamorphosis the disc cells start to divide and develop into specific adult structures. Compare and contrast the Drosophila development to the development of C. elegans.

a)

In both C. elegans and Drosophila, specialized cells are formed from totipotent stem cells.

b)

In both C. elegans and Drosophila, a cell's final specialization can be mapped early in the animal's development.

c)

In both C. elegans and Drosophila, specialized cells develop from flexible cells in the adult.

13.

The development of insects such as the fruit fly, Drosophila, consists of two phases. The larva emerges from the egg and after a period of growth, changes into an adult. The adult insect is very different from the larva. The precursor cells for the adult structures are present in small clusters (the imaginal discs) inside the larva. During the larval stage the disc cells do not play a role. However, during metamorphosis the disc cells start to divide and develop into specific adult structures. Compare and contrast the Drosophila development to the development of C. elegans.

a)

In both C. elegans and Drosophila, specialized cells are formed from totipotent stem cells.

b)

In both C. elegans and Drosophila, specialized cells develop from flexible cells in the adult.

c)

In both C. elegans and Drosophila, cells differentiate into a number of distinct cell types.

14.

Japanese scientists were able to create pluripotent stem cells (iPS), a type of stem cell that is similar to embryonic stem cells. The researchers were then able to grow heart and brain cells from these stem cells. Which type of cell is described by the following statement: are made from adult cells

a)

embryonic stem cells

b)

iPS cells

c)

both types of stem cells

15.

Japanese scientists were able to create pluripotent stem cells (iPS), a type of stem cell that is similar to embryonic stem cells. The researchers were then able to grow heart and brain cells from these stem cells. Which type of cell is described by the following statement: are made from the inner cell mass of the blastocyst

a)

embryonic stem cells

b)

iPS cells

c)

both types of stem cells

16.

Japanese scientists were able to create pluripotent stem cells (iPS), a type of stem cell that is similar to embryonic stem cells. The researchers were then able to grow heart and brain cells from these stem cells. Which type of cell is described by the following statement: are made from mouse fibroblasts

a)

embryonic stem cells

b)

iPS cells

c)

both types of stem cells

17.

Japanese scientists were able to create pluripotent stem cells (iPS), a type of stem cell that is similar to embryonic stem cells. The researchers were then able to grow heart and brain cells from these stem cells. Which type of cell is described by the following statement: can possibly be used for therapeutic treatments

a)

embryonic stem cells

b)

iPS cells

c)

both types of stem cells

18.

Japanese scientists were able to create pluripotent stem cells (iPS), a type of stem cell that is similar to embryonic stem cells. The researchers were then able to grow heart and brain cells from these stem cells. Which type of cell is described by the following statement: heart, brain, and other differentiated cells can grow from them

a)

embryonic stem cells

b)

iPS cells

c)

both types of stem cells

19.

At present, stem cell–based therapies are the clinical standard of care for only a few conditions, including leukemia and macular degeneration. Before stem cell therapies can be ethically approved for other conditions, all of the safety assessments below should be confirmed except for which one?

a)

Stem cell treatment should not overrun costs.

b)

Stem cell treatment should not cause tumors.

c)

Stem cells should not have harmful mutations.

d)

Stem cells should not spread beyond the site of the transplant.

20.

What structure is found in prokaryotic cells but not eukaryotic cells?

a)

a single, circular DNA chromosome found in the cytoplasm

b)

a chromosome that contains many histones

c)

a shorter, condensed chromosome in the nucleus

d)

a chromosome found within a membrane-bound nucleus

21.

The ________ is the point of attachment for sister chromatids.

a)

centromere

b)

centrosome

c)

chromosome

22.

The ________ consists of coiled and condensed chromatin.

a)

centromere

b)

centrosome

c)

chromosome

23.

The ________ is an area from which the spindle fibers extend.

a)

centromere

b)

centrosome

c)

chromosome

24.

The events of mitosis are divided into four phases.

1 Prophase: chromatin forms visible chromosomes; spindles form

2 Metaphase: chromosomes move to the equator of the spindle; centromeres of duplicated chromosomes are aligned

3 Anaphase: centromeres split and chromatids are pulled to opposite poles of the cell; each pole receives the same number and kinds of chromosomes as the parent cell

4 Telophase: daughter cells are formed; nuclear envelopes reappear and chromosomes become chromatin

added to

Which phase is shown in #1?

a)

anaphase

b)

metaphase

c)

prophase

d)

telophase

25.

The events of mitosis are divided into four phases.

1 Prophase: chromatin forms visible chromosomes; spindles form

2 Metaphase: chromosomes move to the equator of the spindle; centromeres of duplicated chromosomes are aligned

3 Anaphase: centromeres split and chromatids are pulled to opposite poles of the cell; each pole receives the same number and kinds of chromosomes as the parent cell

4 Telophase: daughter cells are formed; nuclear envelopes reappear and chromosomes become chromatin

added to

Which phase is shown in #3?

a)

anaphase

b)

metaphase

c)

prophase

d)

telophase

26.

The events of mitosis are divided into four phases.

1 Prophase: chromatin forms visible chromosomes; spindles form

2 Metaphase: chromosomes move to the equator of the spindle; centromeres of duplicated chromosomes are aligned

3 Anaphase: centromeres split and chromatids are pulled to opposite poles of the cell; each pole receives the same number and kinds of chromosomes as the parent cell

4 Telophase: daughter cells are formed; nuclear envelopes reappear and chromosomes become chromatin

added to

Which phase is shown in #4?

a)

anaphase

b)

metaphase

c)

prophase

d)

telophase

27.

The events of mitosis are divided into four phases.

1 Prophase: chromatin forms visible chromosomes; spindles form

2 Metaphase: chromosomes move to the equator of the spindle; centromeres of duplicated chromosomes are aligned

3 Anaphase: centromeres split and chromatids are pulled to opposite poles of the cell; each pole receives the same number and kinds of chromosomes as the parent cell

4 Telophase: daughter cells are formed; nuclear envelopes reappear and chromosomes become chromatin

added to

Which phase is shown in #2?

a)

anaphase

b)

metaphase

c)

prophase

d)

telophase

28.

The p53 protein is involved in DNA repair and in triggering cell death when repair is not possible. Which of the following is not a reason why some cancers are associated with defective p53 genes?

a)

because cells with damaged DNA grow and divide uncontrollably

b)

because in cells with damaged DNA, p53 protein levels rise and cause apoptosis

c)

because cells with damaged DNA are not triggered to die

d)

because cell growth and division is no longer regulated by p53 protein

29.

Which of the following happens when cancer occurs?

a)

Cells cannot pass the G1 checkpoint.

b)

Apoptosis or programmed cell death takes place.

c)

The cells can no longer enter the cell cycle.

d)

The control of the cell cycle is impaired.

30.

Which of the following statements is not typical for cancer cells?

a)

They tend to be unspecialized.

b)

They undergo apoptosis.

c)

They may form tumors that metastasize

d)

They have defective genes.

31.

The cells are differentiated and specialized

a)

Normal Cells

b)

Cancer Cells

32.

The cells are non-differentiated cells

a)

Normal Cells

b)

Cancer Cells

33.

Cells have an abnormal nucleus

a)

Normal Cells

b)

Cancer Cells

34.

Cells have a normal nucleus

a)

Normal Cells

b)

Cancer Cells

35.

The cells undergo metastatis

a)

Normal Cells

b)

Cancer Cells

36.

Cells with DNA damage undergo apoptosis

a)

Normal Cells

b)

Cancer Cells

37.

Which phase of the cell cycle is described?

At the end of this phase, each chromosome is made up of two chromatids.

a)

M phase

b)

G₁ phase

c)

S phase

d)

G₂ phase

38.

Which phase of the cell cycle is described?

Chromatids are distributed to the two daughter nuclei.

a)

M phase

b)

G₁ phase

c)

S phase

d)

G₂ phase

39.

Which phase of the cell cycle is described?

Proteins and other materials needed for cell division are synthesized.

a)

M phase

b)

G₁ phase

c)

S phase

d)

G₂ phase

40.

Which phase of the cell cycle is described?

Organelles and materials needed for DNA synthesis are made.

a)

M phase

b)

G₁ phase

c)

S phase

d)

G₂ phase

41.

This process decreases the number of body cells.

a)

apoptosis

b)

cell division

42.

This process increases the number of body cells.

a)

apoptosis

b)

cell division

43.

This process repairs injuries.

a)

apoptosis

b)

cell division

44.

This process regulates the cell cycle.

a)

apoptosis

b)

cell division

45.

This process causes death of abnormal cells.

a)

apoptosis

b)

cell division

46.

This process produces specialized cells.

a)

apoptosis

b)

cell division

47.

Look at the picture. What does it represent?

a)

Specialized blastocyst cells become stem cells in the adult.

b)

Differentiation is the process by which cells become specialized.

c)

The outer cells of the blastocyst become the embryo.

d)

The inner mass of cells of the blastocyst will form the specialized cells in the body.

48.

Look at the picture. What does it represent?

a)

The inner mass of cells of the blastocyst will form the specialized cells in the body.

b)

Specialized blastocyst cells become stem cells in the adult.

c)

The outer cells of the blastocyst become the embryo.

49.

Analyze the cell cycle diagrams of two different types of cells. Compare and contrast the length of time each cell takes to complete each phase of the cycle. Match the event to the correct phase of the cell cycle: The cell nucleus and the cytoplasm divide among two new cells.

a)

G₁

b)

S

c)

G₂

d)

M

50.

Analyze the cell cycle diagrams of two different types of cells. Compare and contrast the length of time each cell takes to complete each phase of the cycle. Match the event to the correct phase of the cell cycle: DNA is synthesized, and single-stranded chromatids become double stranded.

a)

G₁

b)

S

c)

G₂

d)

M

51.

Analyze the cell cycle diagrams of two different types of cells. Compare and contrast the length of time each cell takes to complete each phase of the cycle. Match the event to the correct phase of the cell cycle: Cells grow at a rate that varies between the two cell types.

a)

G₁

b)

S

c)

G₂

d)

M

52.

Analyze the cell cycle diagrams of two different types of cells. Compare and contrast the length of time each cell takes to complete each phase of the cycle. Match the event to the correct phase of the cell cycle: Cells grow at a rate that is the same in the two cell types.

a)

G₁

b)

S

c)

G₂

d)

M

53.

Analyze the cell cycle diagrams of two different types of cells. Compare and contrast the length of time each cell takes to complete the G1 phase of the cycle. The two cells are provided with nutrients for growth. After 35 hours, which is the most likely observation of the cells?

a)

Both cells are in the M phase of the cell cycle.

b)

Both cells are in the S phase of the cell cycle.

c)

Both cells have divided into two daughter cells.

d)

Cell 2 has divided twice, while Cell 1 has divided once.

Review Chapter 11

Total questions: 53

Worksheet time: 3600secs

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