The hardened remains of a living thing that died long ago.

Which of the following can be learned by using the fossil record?

_________ ______ indicates that organisms share a common ancestor, It also assists scientists in classifying organisms based on their anatomical structures.

What are the two types of anatomical structures in regards to the theory of evolution?

Pertains to similar anatomical structures in different species with a COMMON ancestor or developmental origin.

These type of structures may NOT necessarily perform the same function. For example the flipper of a whale, wing of a bat.

Anatomical structures that serve no apparent function. Ex. the appendix in humans.

These anatomical structures have a similar function, but the two species do NOT share a common ancestry.

Anatomy of embryos are compared from different species through the embryos development, this can support common ancestry.

The study of the geographical distribution of organisms, provides information about how and when species may have evolved.

Similarities between biological molecules can reflect shared evolutionary ancestry.

Description of an observed phenomenon

Refers to the explanation that is given of an observed phenomenon

Involves species changing into forms from their ancestor that is specifically adapted to new environmental niches. Example, beaks in finches changing shape to accommodate food sources in their environment.

The process whereby organisms not closely related independently evolve similar traits as a result of having to adapt to similar environments or ecological niches. Example, flight/wings of insects, birds, and bats.

Occurs when two or more species affect each other's evolution. Example of bee pollinating a flower.

The idea that for long periods of time, species are stable and don't change, then a disruptive event happens causing a species to change rapidly.