Limits power of the federal government, separation of powers and checks and balances

freedom of religion, press, speech, assembly and petition

people accused of crimes must be read their rights

democracy in America: liberty, egalitarianism,

individualism, populism, and laissez-faire

voting in elections, serving on a jury, staying

informed on government issues

businesses became wealthy; corrupt government officials

supported business first policies

made manufacturing more efficient; light bulb led to more

hours of work = more production

total control of an industry by one company; laws were

passed to stop and protect consumer prices

philanthropist; improved society by donating to

education and the arts; Bessemer steel

fought for better pay, improved working conditions, and

the end of child labor; resulted in increased federal involvement

rapid industrialization led to people moving to cities for

employment; caused sanitation problems; taller buildings built because of

cheaper steel

government officials took bribes; political machines

promised infrastructure and jobs in exchange for votes

moved to U.S. for better economic opportunities; some

worked in factories, others farmed; forced to assimilate

wanted restrictions on immigration; encouraged assimilation;

viewed immigrants as competition for jobs

passed to prevent immigrants from taking jobs

from settlers out West

free land that resulted in farmers settling the Great Plains

intended to assimilate Native Americans into American

culture; divided their tribal land into farm plots

coined silver to increase money in circulation, regulated shipping charges

wrote The Jungle; resulted in government regulation of

food products

started the settlement house movement in the U.S. to

help assimilate immigrants

founded NAACP, a civil rights group that fought for the

legal rights of African Americans

initiative, referendum, recall; increased participation in

democracy; made elected officials accountable

government policies protecting

consumers food; resulted from Muckrakers, like Upton Sinclair

created by Roosevelt to conserve land

allowed women’s suffrage, right to vote

women supported; 18th amendment; prohibited sell

and consumption of alcohol; hoped to decrease crime and health

problems; resulted in more crime and speakeasies

bribery scandal during Harding’s term; resulted

in reduced public confidence in the federal government

efficient production made goods affordable:

automobile, household items; Henry Ford

women during the Roaring ‘20s who challenged traditional

roles and social norms; unique fashion

limited economic opportunity and discrimination in

the South resulted in African Americans migrating north for jobs

popularity of African American artists, gospel

music, jazz; influenced civil rights movement

gain in access to natural resources

and overseas markets, expansion in trade

advocated for overseas expansion by

growing the U.S. Navy

forced annexation by the U.S., supported by S.B. Dole

gained by U.S. after the Spanish-American War

U.S. saw need for canal during Spanish-American

War, obtained land by Roosevelt’s “Big Stick” policy, more efficient

travel time for navy and businesses

rise of militarism, assassination of Franz Ferdinand

soldiers fought from trenches with machine guns resulting in a stalemate, tanks and poison gas were used to try and break stalemate

Germans attacked U.S.

merchant ships, resulted in U.S. declaring war on Germany

soldiers well trained by

John J. Pershing, led major counterattack on western front

limited American’s freedom of speech

League of Nations (rejected by U.S.

Congress), freedom of the seas, Poland as an independent nation

Cuban Revolution, sinking of USS

Maine

demand for goods declined because businesses

failed, led to high unemployment which resulted in homelessness

(Roosevelt Corollary to Monroe Doctrine) U.S. would

defend Western Hemisphere from Europe; reinforced Monroe Doctrine

soldiers fought in trenches with machine guns;

resulted in stalemate; tanks and poison gas used to break stalemate

Germany tried to ally with Mexico; resulted in

U.S. withdrawing position of neutrality

when a stock becomes worth more than its value;

limited government regulation; led to Great Depression

caused by drought and poor farming practices

federal government took on a new, larger role to help

the welfare of Americans; protected the economy; provided jobs and

mortgage loans

government

guaranteed bank deposits; protected people’s savings

created a government benefits program to help

elderly, disabled, and retired; increased government’s responsibility

response to rejection of some New

Deal programs; many disliked because it increased power of president

New Deal programs took power from the states, Supreme Court ruled them...

Japanese retaliation for a trade embargo; resulted in U.S.

entering WWII

support war effort by increasing food supply at home

violated liberties of Japanese

American citizens provided in the 14th Amendment

African American military pilots; overcame

discrimination to serve; encouraged integration of armed forces

Native Americans who transmitted secret military information

African American veteran of WWII; received Medal of

Honor

Nazi attempt at the genocide of Jewish people; caused

many Jews to migrate to America

a new strategic weapon developed at Los Alamos, New

Mexico; used to quickly end WWII; Japan surrendered after bombs

dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki; resulted in arms race with Soviets

took on new roles to support war effort; joined nurse cadets

and worked in factories to keep up production

violated liberties of Japanese

American citizens provided in the 14th Amendment

African American military pilots; overcame

discrimination to serve; encouraged integration of armed forces

Native Americans who transmitted secret military information

African American veteran of WWII; received Medal of

Honor

Nazi attempt at the genocide of Jewish people; caused

many Jews to migrate to America

a new strategic weapon developed at Los Alamos, New

Mexico; used to quickly end WWII

U.S. flew planes over the Soviet blockade of Berlin to get

supplies to West Berlin without military conflict

U.S. provided financial assistance to Western European

countries to rebuild after WWII

U.S.S.R. satellite; caused U.S. to invest money in space, science,

technology, and weapons programs

looked into

individuals in Hollywood who were suspected of being communists

created after WWII; result of baby boom and increased

demand for housing

Servicemen’s Readjustment Act; government paid for education

of military veterans to assist their return to civilian life

Red Scare movement led by Senator Joseph McCarthy;

arrested people suspected of being communists

U.S. and Soviets promoted science and technology as both

attempted to develop nuclear arsenals