Worksheetsesc1000 exam 1 study
Total questions: 28
Worksheet time: 14mins
Which processes contribute to the transformation of sediment into clastic sedimentary rock?
Melting and solidification
Heat and pressure
Evaporation and crystallization
Compaction and cementation
Silicate minerals are characterized by the presence of...
Iron and imagnesium
Caroon and nitrogen
Oxygen and sulfur
Silicon and oxygen
Metamorphism is defined as:
The alteration of existing rock by heat and pressure
The transformation of sediment into sedimentary rock
The cooling and solidification of molten rock
The breakdown of rocks by chemical reactions
Where does the heat come from that causes magma to rise in the mantle, and thereby, plate tectonics at the surface?
Sun's solar flares
Earth's magnetic field
Earth's radioactive core
Sun's magnetic field
Which of the following properties would make a lava more viscous?
Hot temperature
Low silica content
Cold temperature
Low dissolved gas content
How does the 1980 eruption of Mount St. Helens compare to the most recent eruption of Kilauea, which began in 1983?
Mount St. Helens had a more explosive eruption compared to Kilauea.
Both eruptions were relatively quiescent with minimal explosive activity.
Both eruptions had similar explosive characteristics.
Kilauea had a more explosive eruption compared to Mount St. Helens.
The three types of convergent plate boundaries are:
Divergent, transform, and subduction
Folding, faulting, and uplift
Oceanic-oceanic, oceanic-continental, and continental-continental
Rift valleys transform faults, and mid-ocean ridges
Which subatomic particle carries a positive electrical charge?
Electron
Protons
Neutrons
Nucleus
Which type of bond results from the sharing of electrons between atoms?
Ionic Bond
Covalent bond
Metallic bond
The primary difference between silicate and nonsilicate minerals is:
Their chemical composition
Their density
Their transparency
Their color
Which mineral property describes the way a mineral breaks when it does not exhibit cleavage?
Luster
Streak
Fracture
Specific gravity
Along a convergent plate boundary, what type of movement leads to subduction of denser crust beneath less dense crust?
Subduction
Divergence
Seafloor spreading
Collision
Mohs hardness scale is used to determine the:
Color of a mineral
Hardness of a mineral
Density of a mineral
Luster of a mineral
What is the relative motion along a transform fault boundary?
Plates move apart, creating hew lithosphere.
Plates collide and one plate is forced beneath the other.
Plate's slide past each other horizontally.
Plates are moving vertically, causing uplift and sutisidence
Prior to the 1960s, most geologists held the view that the geographic positions of the ocean basins and continents were:
Constantly shifting and moving
Determined by ancient civilizations
Constant and unchanging
Random and unpredictable
What are the characteristics of composite volcanoes, and how do they form?
They have gentle slopes and are formed from explosive eruptions of pyroclastic material
They have steep slopes and are formed from quiescent eruptions of high viscosity lava flows
They have gentle slopes and are formed from quiescent eruptions of low viscosity Java flows. They have gentle slopes and are formed from quiescent eruptions of low viscosity lava flows
They have steep slopes and are formed from alternating layers of ash, pyroclastic material, and lava flows
What are the characteristics of shield volcanoes?
They are characterized by a prominent Central vent and a steep sided crater
They are composed of alternating layers of lava and pyroclastic materials.
They are tall and steep with highly explosive eruptions
They have gently sloping sides and are primarily formed by basaltic lava flows.
What are the agents of metamorphism?
Gravity and erosion
Water and rocks
Heat and pressure
Water and wind
What are the major geologic hazards associated with volcanoes?
Acid rain, ozone depletion, and climate change
Sinkholes, subsidence, and soil erosion
Earthquakes, landslides, and tsunamis
Lahars, pyroclastic flows, and volcanic gases
Which mineral is the most common on Earth's surface, making up -40% of the crust?
Calcite
Galena
Feldspar
Magnetite
Metamorphic rocks undergo changes in mineral texture due to heat and pressure without melting
True
False
The 1980 eruption of Mount St. Helens was a quiescent eruption.
True
False
Shield volcanoes are primarily formed by highly explosive eruptions
True
False
The theory of continental drift proposed by Alfred Wegener was widely accepted by the scientific community during his time.
True
False
What kind of plate boundary corresponds with Deep-sea trenches?
Divergent Plate Boundaries
Transform Fault Boundaries
Oceanic - Continental Convergence
Continental - Continental Convergence
What kind of plate boundary corresponds with Mountains?
Continental - Continental Convergence
Oceanic - Continental Convergence
Transform Fault Boundaries
Divergent Plate Boundaries
What kind of plate boundary corresponds with Mid-ocean Ridges
Continental - Continental Convergence
Oceanic - Continental Convergence
Transform Fault Boundaries
Divergent Plate Boundaries
What kind of plate boundary corresponds with Offset Faults
Continental - Continental Convergence
Oceanic - Continental Convergence
Transform Fault Boundaries
Divergent Plate Boundaries
